基于Lanczos法的多管火箭炮模态仿真和试验

为研究某型多管火箭炮振型和固有频率,对其进行模态分析,根据火箭炮发射装置物理样机,完成其有限元模型建立;完成火箭炮发射装置模态测试,采用Lanczos迭代法完成模态仿真分析;将仿真和试验测试模态结构进行对比验证,通过振型完成火箭炮刚度分析,为其进一步优化设计提供支撑。     

双层柱壳的流固耦合模态计算与试验研究

采用结构有限元和内域流体有限元的流固耦合计算方法,对球壳及其内域流体进行有限元离散计算,并将计算所得的模态振动频率与理论结果进行了比较.采用同样的方法,进一步对加筋双层圆柱壳进行了流固耦合的复特征值分析,并求解了其固有频率和振型.试验分别对双层柱壳充水和不充水情况下模态和模态频率进行了测量,结果证实了数值计算方法的正确性.     

基于量子遗传算法的钢管焊接结构焊缝损伤识别

利用从发射台骨架试验模型获取的模态参数,选择识别结果中精度较好的模态频率作为模型修正的基准频率.通过对待修正参数的灵敏度分析,运用ANSYS和MATLAB软件对有限元模型进行了修正.以实测模态和计算模态之间的误差建立一个带约束边界的非线性最小二乘目标函数,将损伤识别问题转化为优化问题,引入量子遗传算法处理模态参数,进行结构的损伤识别.为了让量子遗传算法更适用于结构工程损伤识别领域,提出了改进的动态策略调整量子门旋转角.以有限元模型焊接结点单元组弹性模量的降低模拟焊缝损伤,并假定了损伤工况,对发射台骨架模型的数值仿真及试验研究表明:该损伤识别方法识别效果较为理想,为解决这种复杂焊接结构焊缝损伤识别问题提供了新的思路.     

汉江大跨越输电模型塔试验研究

为了深入探索模型塔动力特性,以汉江大跨越塔为原型,按照动力相似理论制作了模型塔.试验采用施加突卸荷载的方法使模型产生自由振动,获取模型动力参数.结果表明,模型前两阶固有频率满足相似要求,模型设计合理.为更好地研究模型塔动力特性,在模型塔动力测试基础上,建立了模型塔有限元模型,对测试结果与模态分析结果进行了比较,提出了模...     

基于有限元的坦克变速箱体模态分析

建立了坦克变速箱体详细的有限元模型,采用Lanczos算法对箱体结构进行了模态分析,计算出了箱体结构的前16阶非刚体模态的固有频率及相应振型.分析结果显示了箱体各部分结构振动的强弱分布以及抗振薄弱区,为下一步的动态响应及动态修正提供了必要的依据.该分析结果也为变速箱故障诊断提供了参考依据.     

基于混沌量子粒子群的舰炮身管多目标优化研究

舰炮的炮口扰动是影响舰炮射击精度的重要因素。为了减少舰炮的炮口扰动，优化身管结构，建立了柔性身管的有限元模型并将该模型的模态计算结果与模态试验测试值进行对比,证明建立的柔性身管有限元模型是有效的。提出了混沌量子粒子群算法与动力学联合优化的方法，进行身管和炮口的多目标优化，优化结果表明：优化后的炮口中心的线速度、角速度和角位移与优化前相比显著减小，身管质量有所降低，结构更加合理，该优化方法有效可行，为下一步全炮总体优化设计提供了一定的借鉴。     

12.7mm高射机枪模态试验与分析

本文利用实验模态分析技术和有限元法研究机枪—土壤系统的动态特性,通过模态试验获得机枪在硬质土壤支撑条件下的低阶模态信息,据此对机枪有限元模型的边界条件进行模拟,并从动力学角度分析影响射击精度的主要因素,为进一步研究机枪结构动力修改和质量评估提供依据,     

军用运输车车架及底板结构动态特性试验及分析

采用单点激振多输出（SIMO）试验模态法（EMA）对某型军用运输车车架底板及其连接部分进行动态特性试验，提取相关参数和特征向量，并进行模态参数识别和各阶振型分析，试验结果与实际振动情况基本吻合。与基于有限元分析软件HyperWorks计算结果进行验证对比，结果基本一致。     

车辆典型部件结构的有限元模型修正方法

以车身结构中简化的典型结构形式为研究对象,利用有限元软件中的焊点模拟单元,建立典型结构的有限元模型并进行模态分析。在参数灵敏度分析的基础上,结合模态试验测得的数据,利用广义简约梯度算法,对结构的有限元模型进行修正和模型验证,深入探讨了车辆典型部件结构的有限元模型修正方法。通过模型修正,有限元模型的精度得到了明显的提高,为进一步研究车辆结构部件的振动特性奠定了基础。     

基于Nastran优化的某导弹结构模型修正

为了对某型号导弹结构建立合理的有限元全弹模型,基于Nastran的灵敏度分析及优化功能,首先对初始导弹模型设计参数进行了灵敏度分析,并确定优化设计的设计变量,然后以模态试验结果为优化目标,对其进行动力学优化,得到修正模型.结果表明,修正后模型的计算结果与试验结果偏差有很大程度的改进,符合了工程的使用需要.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.