大学英语文化教学初探

大学英语教学在贯彻提高大学生英语知识水平的同时,必须把外语教学与文化教学紧密地结合起来。语言是文化的载体,又是文化的重要组成部分,文化对语言的产生和发展起着重要作用。大学英语教学要有目的、有计划地实施文化教学,通过掌握英语国家的历史背景、文化内涵来指导外语学习,培养学生对西方文化的了解,为今后顺利使用外语和胜任跨文化交际打好基础。     

语言能力培养的互动模式与外语教学

教学活动是教师和学生之间感情和信息的双层交流活动.英语课堂教学的主要任务是培养学生的英语交际能力.要在课堂教学中培养学生的英语交际能力,必须实施双向、互动交流的英语教学模式.本文探讨了英语教学中学生语言能力培养的互动模式的理论依据、设计原则及其构筑.     

跨文化交际与英语教学

“跨文化交际”是指不同文化背景的个人之间的交际,已经成为英语教学的一项重要内容。中国学生往往因为缺少跨文化意识、缺少真实语境、受中国文化的制约等原因,导致跨文化交际失败。英语教学应注重将文化知识和语言教学结合起来,帮助学生克服跨文化交际障碍。     

在英语课堂教学中培养学生的跨文化非语言交际能力

非语言交际传递了人们交际活动中的大部分信息，在人际交流中具有举足轻重的地位。本文通过四类非语言交际行为（即体态语、副语言、客体语和环境语）在英语课堂教学中出现的典型案例，阐释其所传递的跨文化信息，提出英语教师应当提高自己对英语文化环境下常见的非语言交际行为的把握，在课堂教学过程中，帮助学生在学习英语语言的同时，掌握英语文化环境下的非语言交际行为的准确含义，并以此加深对语言材料的理解，准确掌握有关文化背景，提高跨文化交际能力。     

新疆高校多元文化语境下外语教学中的中国文化教学现状实证研究

外语教学不仅仅是对学生外语知识和技能的传授,同时也是对学生自主学习能力和跨文化交际能力的培养,这种跨文化交际能力是双向的,意味着不仅仅是吸纳国外的文化,同时还担当着本国先进文化的传播。本文选取了新疆高校具有代表性的综合性大学———石河子大学作为调查对象,通过测试、问卷调查和访谈考察了大学生中国文化词汇、书面英语表达能力及师生对英语教学中中国文化所持的态度,证实了多元文化语境下新疆高校大学英语教学中同样存在中国文化缺失现状和中国文化缺失对英语学习和跨文化交际造成的不利影响。并根据测试结果分析对外语教学提出建议。     

跨文化与大学英语教学之我见

近年来我国外语教学越来越强调跨文化交际能力的培养,而实际上在外语教学中,尤其是大学英语教学中仍然存在着重知识轻能力,重语言轻文化的倾向,极不利于素质人才的培养。因此,在大学英语教学中加强跨文化知识的输入,是培养学生交际能力的有效措施。     

跨文化交际能力的培养与大学英语教学

由于国际交流的日益频繁,培养学生的综合语言运用能力,特别是跨文化交际能力,已经成为语言教学的最终目标。通过分析非英语专业学生跨文化交际能力的现状,提出了通过大学英语教学来培养学生跨文化交际能力的途径。     

大学英语听说能力培养及策略

大学英语听说课是提高学生英语综合技能的训练课。听说教学，要坚持以学生为主体的教学观，从分析和解决问题入手，运用任务型教学和合作学习等模式，实施多种教学策略，帮助学生打好语言基本功，提高文化素养，全面培养学生的英语交际能力。     

大学英语教学中的中国文化失语研究

以测试试卷和调查问卷的形式调查了非英语专业大学生用英语正确表述中国文化的能力.数据统计结果表明:学生的中国文化英语表达能力较低,主要原因是语言输入不足.基于此,从教学内容、教学方法和教学活动三个方面探索了在大学英语教学中融入中国文化.     

浅谈交际化英语课堂教学

<正>英语大纲是一个英语教学的交际化大纲,基本点是素质教育,核心是通过听、说、读、写的训练,使学生获得英语基础知识和为交际初步运用英语的能力.这使得英语课成了一门实践性很强的工具课.研究资料证明在言语交际活动中,口语交际形式占75%,大大超过书面的交际形式.传统的翻译教学法已不再适应新时期英语教学的需要,严重制约着学生运用外语能力的提高.学生普遍感到英语课难,桔燥乏味.外语教学中普遍存在的“聋哑症”及其影响所造成书面交际能力的减弱就是极有力的证明.重视学生听力和口语,加强交际化课堂教学,提高外语教学质量,是培养新时期外语人才的需要.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.