Research on the intermediate phase of 40CrMnSiB steel shell under different heat treatments

In this study, 40CrMnSiB steel cylindrical shells were tempered at 350, 500 and 600 ℃ to study the effect of tempering temperature on the dynamic process of expansion and fracture of the metal shell. A mid-explosion recovery experiment for the metal cylinder under internal explosive loading was designed, and the wreckage of the casings at the intermediate phase was obtained. The effects of different tempering temperatures on the macroscopic and microscopic fracture characteristics of 40CrMnSiB steel were studied. The influence of tempering temperatures on the fracture characteristic parameters of the recovered wreckage were measured and analyzed, including the circumferential divide size, the thick-ness and the number of the circumferential divisions. The results show that as the tempering temper-ature was increased from 350 to 600 ℃, at first, the degree of fragmentation and the fracture characteristic parameters of the recovered wreckage changed significantly and then became essentially consistent. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed flow-like structure characteristics caused by adiabatic shear on different fracture surfaces. At the detonation initiation end of the casing, fracturing was formed by tearing along the crack, which existed a distance from the initiation end and propagated along the axis direction. In contrast, the fracturing near the middle position consists of a plurality of radial shear fracture units. The amount of alloy carbide that was precipitated during the tempering process increased continuously with tempering temperature, leading to an increasing number of spherical carbide particles scattered around the fracture surface.     

Static and free vibration analyses of functionally graded porous variable-thickness plates using an edge-based smoothed finite element method

The main purpose of this paper is to present numerical results of static bending and free vibration of functionally graded porous (FGP) variable-thickness plates by using an edge-based smoothed finite element method (ES-FEM) associate with the mixed interpolation of tensorial components technique for the three-node triangular element (MITC3), so-called ES-MITC3. This ES-MITC3 element is performed to eliminate the shear locking problem and to enhance the accuracy of the existing MITC3 element. In the ES-MITC3 element, the stiffness matrices are obtained by using the strain smoothing technique over the smoothing domains formed by two adjacent MITC3 triangular elements sharing an edge. Materials of the plate are FGP with a power-law index (k) and maximum porosity distributions (Ω) in the forms of cosine functions. The influences of some geometric parameters, material properties on static bending, and natural frequency of the FGP variable-thickness plates are examined in detail.     

Formation and characterization of core-shell CL-20/TNT composite prepared by spray-drying technique

The core-shell 2,4,6,8,10,12-Hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane/2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (CL-20/TNT) composite was prepared by spray-drying method in which sensitive high energy explosive (CL-20) was coated with insensitive explosive (TNT). The structure and properties of different formulations of CL-20/TNT composite and CL-20/TNT mixture were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Laser particle size analyzer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), impact sensitivity test and detonation performance. The results of SEM, TEM, XPS and XRD show that ϵ-CL-20 particles are coated by TNT. When the ratio of CL-20/TNT is 75/25, core-shell structure is well formed, and thickness of the shell is about 20–30 nm. And the analysis of heat and impact show that with the increase of TNT content, the TNT coating on the core-shell composite material can not only catalyze the thermal decomposition of core material (CL-20), but also greatly reduce the impact sensitivity. Compared with the CL-20/TNT mixture (75/25) at the same ratio, the characteristic drop height of core-shell CL-20/TNT composite (75/25) increased by 47.6% and the TNT coating can accelerate the nuclear decomposition in the CL-20/TNT composites. Therefore, the preparation of the core-shell composites can be regarded as a unique means, by which the composites are characterized by controllable decomposition rate, high energy and excellent mechanical sensitivity and could be applied to propellants and other fields.     

Recursive weighted least squares estimation algorithm based on minimum model error principle

Kalman filter is commonly used in data filtering and parameters estimation of nonlinear system,such as projectile's trajectory estimation and control.While there is a drawback that the prior error covariance matrix and filter parameters are difficult to be determined,which may result in filtering divergence.As to the problem that the accuracy of state estimation for nonlinear ballistic model strongly depends on its mathematical model,we improve the weighted least squares method(WLSM)with minimum model error principle.Invariant embedding method is adopted to solve the cost function including the model error.With the knowledge of measurement data and measurement error covariance matrix,we use gradient descent algorithm to determine the weighting matrix of model error.The uncertainty and linearization error of model are recursively estimated by the proposed method,thus achieving an online filtering estimation of the observations.Simulation results indicate that the proposed recursive esti-mation algorithm is insensitive to initial conditions and of good robustness.     

基于ISA总线的CAN通讯卡的设计与实现

为实现PC机在控制局域网络 (CAN)中的应用 ,开发设计了一种PC机与CAN的接口———CAN通讯卡。该通讯卡采用微控制器完成底层的CAN通讯任务 ,并利用双口RAM与PC机进行数据交换 ;通过基于Win9x的PC机设备驱动程序实现上层应用程序对通讯卡的操作。该系统结构紧凑、可靠性高 ,已在磁悬浮列车控制系统中得到了成功应用。     

机载叶簇穿透超宽带SAR系统关键指标设计

对影响叶簇穿透超宽带SAR系统性能的三个最主要的技术参量 (工作频率、极化形式和分辨率 )进行了深入系统的分析 ,其结论性意见对超宽带雷达系统顶层设计有实用参考价值     

基于面元法的航母雷达散射截面计算

采用 3DStudioMAX对航母进行三角面元逼近模拟 ,并用面元法研究计算了航母在X波段的雷达反射特性 ,给出了航母雷达散射截面 (RCS)随方位的分布图。从图中可以看出 ,航母的RCS峰值出现在船头、船尾和两舷四个方向 ,这说明航母的雷达回波主要来自于镜面反射。     

改善机载前向阵雷达全程检测性能的研究

针对前向阵的杂波分布特性 ,给出了一种空时自适应处理 (STAP)结合多重中脉冲重复频率(MPRF)的处理方案 ,研究了重复频率的选择以改进系统性能 ,并分析计算了三路多普勒通道联合处理STAP方法在一组中脉冲重复频率下的改善因子和距离 /速度二维盲区分布图。理论分析与仿真结果表明 ,该方案可以大大改善机载前向阵雷达的全程检测性能     

热分析逸出气体氨的测定

用化学吸收光度法 (CAP)和热重 气相色谱联用法 (TG GC)测定了热分析逸出气中的氨。两种方法均简便、快捷和准确 ,通常回收率在 1 0 0± 6 %。比较了这些方法的使用范围     

基于等方性系数的地形可导航性的方向性研究

地形可导航性分析的研究中 ,当飞行器从不同方向进入特定区域时 ,怎样评价该区域提供的可导航性能力一直是地形匹配中的重要问题。本文建立了地形本质特征的数学过程描述———分数布朗运动 ;基于分形几何理论 ,通过分析地形表面的轮廓谱矩和表面谱矩的特性 ,提出一种地形特征度量值———等方性系数 ;并且分别得出了等方性好与差时 ,适配区域的匹配概率与方向之间的定性关系 ,有助于提高地形可导航性分析的效率。