一类随机生态-流行病系统的分析

对一类食饵染病的随机食饵-捕食者系统,应用伊藤公式,给出系统均衡解的全局随机渐近稳定的条件,并通过数值模拟对理论结果进行论证.     

大气对流层气体组分随高度变化的理论预期

利用大气对流层温度随高度变化的规律,采用局部平衡的多分子混合模型,从理论上论证了对流层气体组分随高度变化的规律,发现大气各主要成分体积分数、分子平均摩尔质量均随高度线性变化,并拟合数值计算结果得到了相关参数。氧气的相对体积分数随高度明显下降,而氮气的相对体积分数却明显上升;但是相比于温度随高度的变化,大气分子平均摩尔质量的改变可以忽略。该理论比以往其他模型预测大气压强随高度变化规律具有更自然、更接近实际的优势。     

Group support for political violence: The role of emotions and expressive choice in creating conflict or providing peace

This paper provides a rationale for group support for political violence which does not provide a material benefit. Rabin’s (1993) theory of fairness is adopted to demonstrate that although group violence may not be a Nash equilibrium it may be a fairness equilibrium in a game containing psychological payoffs. For this to happen the material stakes must be perceived as low and psychological payoffs are expressive. Although the material stakes are actually high, members of each group may choose expressively to support the use of violence because the probability of being decisive is low. The paper also considers the possibility of peace emerging as a fairness equilibrium. This can only happen if each group perceives the other as making some sacrifice in choosing peace.     

微小型飞行器姿态快速机动控制方法

针对某弹道导弹释放的微小型飞行器的姿态控制任务需求,提出一种基于Gauss伪谱法的姿态快速机动控制方法。建立精确的姿态控制模型,并考虑反作用飞轮的耦合力矩项;采用Gauss伪谱法获取最优姿态轨迹,设计准滑模跟踪控制器以跟踪该最优轨迹。数字仿真结果表明,Gauss伪谱法计算得到的轨迹是最优的,准滑模跟踪控制器能实现对最优轨迹的良好跟踪,且对干扰力矩有较好的抑制作用。     

一种消除瞄准线漂移的实现方法

由地球自转引起的瞄准线漂移是坦克火控面临的棘手问题。提出了一种基于惯性姿态信息的瞄准线漂移抑制方法,借助车载惯导系统,获得瞄准镜的地理坐标和姿态信息,计算出地球自转角速率在瞄准镜坐标系上的分量。伺服系统依此向两个方向的控制通道增加补偿值,由此抵消地球自转的影响,乘员就会感到瞄准线始终对准目标,而不会产生偏离,因而省去了频繁调整的工作。该方法既可用于坦克作战训练,也可用于机载或舰载稳瞄装置的调试。     

模拟体系对抗价值链的网络同步模型

描述战斗毁伤"规模效应"的Lanchester模型默认作战体系内部是"完美的"。本文扬弃此假设,首次从作战体系内部"共识"涌现的视角提出了一个模拟体系对抗价值链的网络"同步效应"模型,研究了战场变化、个体/群体认知、自同步与对抗均衡等概念的网络拓扑和权值演化形式,并发现在对抗均衡条件下无标度网络具有"同步脆弱性"。     

CODE新光压模型对北斗混合导航星座精密轨道确定的影响分析

基于国防科技大学自主研制的卫星定轨软件工具包NUDTTK，分析了CODE新光压模型EECOM对北斗二代混合导航星座精密轨道确定的影响。研究表明：对GEO卫星而言，EECOM模型能够明显改善定轨精度，相比于传统的ECOM-9和ECOM-5模型，卫星激光测距检核精度分别提高17.4%和35.1%。对IGSO和MEO卫星而言，采用ECOM-5模型的定轨精度要优于EECOM和ECOM-9模型，新光压模型EECOM并不能有效改善IGSO和MEO卫星的定轨精度。与IGS数据分析中心WHU、GFZ和CODE的轨道产品互比对结果（3D RMS）显示：目前，国防科技大学北斗精密轨道产品中，GEO卫星的定轨精度为1~4 m，IGSO卫星的定轨精度为25~30 cm，MEO卫星的定轨精度为10~20 cm。     

Purchase and retrieval competition for seasonal produce

We study the competition problem of purchase and multiretrieval of perishable seasonal produce, where wholesalers purchase and stock their products in the first period, and then retrieve and sell them in subsequent periods. We first consider the duopoly case and assume that the prices are exogenous and fluctuate. In each period, after the price realization, the wholesalers retrieve some stock from their warehouses to satisfy their demands. One wholesaler's unsatisfied customers can switch to another and be satisfied by its left retrieved products. Any unsold retrieved stock has no salvage value and any unsatisfied demand is lost. The unretrieved stock is carried to the next period at a perishable rate. The wholesalers compete for the substitute demand by determining their own purchase and retrieval quantities. We show the existence and uniqueness of a pure-strategy Nash equilibrium, and that the Nash equilibrium strategy has the simple “sell-down-to” structure. We also consider the general N-person game and show the existence of the Nash equilibrium, and characterize the structure of the equilibrium strategy for the symmetric case. In addition, we consider the case with endogenous prices, and show that the problem reduces to a repeated newsvendor game with price and inventory competition. We derive the conditions under which a unique Nash equilibrium exists and characterize the equilibrium strategy. Finally, we conduct numerical studies to examine the impacts of the model parameters on the equilibrium outcomes and to generate managerial insights.     

状态空间表达下控制系统的稳态误差

经典控制理论对系统稳态误差的讨论从传递函数入手,重点是对系统开环传递函数的研究,当系统的输入是任意函数时,引入动态误差系数方法来研究稳态误差,但是当输入具有高阶导数时,动态误差系数将很难得到.现代控制理论中的状态空间表达下求系统的稳态误差很好地解决了这个问题.利用矩阵之间的运算来表示动态误差系数,并且可以得到任意输入下的稳态误差值,在线性定常系统下的推导结果还可以适用于线性时变系统,具有一定的普遍性.     

姿控发动机布局方式研究

大气层外飞行器的姿态控制一般采用姿控发动机的喷气控制,姿控发动机的布局直接影响到姿态控制的效果。对国内外飞行器的姿控发动机布局的发展情况进行了综述,并从工程实践的角度出发,讨论了姿控发动机在布局时需要考虑的一些矛盾因素。在此基础上,提出了利用耦合解决这些矛盾的思路以及姿控发动机布局的3条基本原则。仿真结果表明利用耦合改善了姿态控制效果。