基于相参特性的雷达信号分选中“增批”问题研究

一部雷达可以在不同时间段内大范围跨波段工作,基于现行信号分选方法,常出现"增批"问题。利用信号相参特性,基于雷达本振初相不变性原理,提出求和曲线斜率判别法,对同一辐射源和不同辐射源信号进行分选仿真,并进行了误差分析。仿真结果表明,方法能够解决信号分选过程中的"增批"问题,当信噪比高于5 dB,并且测频误差在小于200 kHz时,分选准确率可以达到98%以上。     

匈牙利法的末段两层火力反TBM目标分配优化

介绍了匈牙利法解决Assignment Problem的基本原理,对匈牙利法解决指派问题的解题步骤和特殊情况进行了说明。在给出末段两层火力防御TBM的目标分配原则的基础上,阐述了相关概念,改进了匈牙利法运用方式,并建立了目标分配模型。最后通过实例的解算,证明了该方法应用于末段两层火力防御TBM目标分配中的可行性,为末段协同反TBM的目标分配提供了一种有效的算法。     

机动作战地空导弹载波相位差分定位模型研究

地空导弹部队在防空作战中,导弹火力单元要按上级的命令适时机动,需要对所在位置进行精确定位并及时上报上级单位,以便尽快组成新的雷达网继续参加战斗。根据GPS测距和差分GPS定位原理,利用载波相位差分设备把采集的载波相位发送给用户站进行求差解算坐标,得到机动作战导弹火力单元的位置坐标。根据载波相位差分定位GPS载波相位差分接收机技术成熟,成本不高,适合机动作战导弹部队应用。通过编制相应的模型软件,以及加入通信接口,便可用于导弹火力单元雷达站址的快速定位。     

弹道导弹打击航空母舰末制导有效区的确定与评估

在地地弹道式导弹与航空母舰攻防对抗中,需要研究航母是否在导弹进攻的有效区内。针对具有末制导的弹道式导弹具有再入机动变轨特性,建立了导弹再入机动飞行模型,提出了导弹在不同的再入条件下,对其飞行弹道及机动能力进行仿真计算的方法,通过仿真确定出了导弹打击航空母舰的有效区域。在此基础上,探讨了导弹在以不同的再入姿态、不同的再入飞行高度实施末制导时,导弹落点的有效区域、边界外形及有效区的变化范围。从所得结果来看,所建模型及仿真方法正确可行,在一定程度上解决了弹道导弹打击航空母舰战斗群作战保障急需解决的一些问题。     

弹道导弹打击航空母舰末制导寻的方法研究

在弹道导弹与航母战斗群的攻防对抗中,弹道导弹需要采用有效的寻的方法以便在对抗中占优势。通过分析航母的运动特性,建立了预测其运动态势的数学模型;在此基础上,采用预测落点的末制导方法,在导弹弹头再入大气层后,通过多次预测和修正,实时修正由于航母运动和再入过程中大气影响等各种干扰因素所引起的落点偏差,以保证弹头能以较好的精度命中目标。从数字仿真结果来看,该方法成功率高,且制导精度较高,具有较强的工程应用价值。     

舰载防空导弹系统的防御能力评估

反舰导弹是当今舰艇及编队面临的主要威胁。为评估反舰导弹攻防能力,以目前世界上防御能力最强的美国航母战斗群为背景,研究采用分层火力配置的航母舰队防御体系对付反舰导弹的有效性。首先分析反舰导弹飞行高度、雷达散射截面及综合效应对防御系统中雷达探测能力的影响,之后应用简化公式,对各类典型舰载对空防御武器的最大拦截距离、拦截次数和拦截效率进行量化分析,对防御反舰导弹能力做出评估。     

A theory of war finance

This paper analyses the financial and war‐spending policies of a state that faces a conflict in which defeat would result in the loss of sovereign power and in which the material consequences, conditional on avoiding defeat, are stochastic. The analysis takes explicit account of the historical experiences of lenders, who face debt repudiation if the state to whom they have lent is defeated and who also face partial default if the material consequences of the war are unfavorable for the debtor state, even if it avoids defeat. In this analysis, the state uses war debt to smooth expected consumption intertemporally in response to temporary war spending, and the state also uses contingent debt servicing to insure realized consumption against the risk associated with the material consequences of the war. An important innovation in the analysis is to treat the equilibrium amount of war spending, the state's resulting probability of avoiding defeat, as well as the equilibrium amount of borrowing as a set of endogenous variables to be determined simultaneously.     

Demand forecasting by temporal aggregation

Demand forecasting performance is subject to the uncertainty underlying the time series an organization is dealing with. There are many approaches that may be used to reduce uncertainty and thus to improve forecasting performance. One intuitively appealing such approach is to aggregate demand in lower‐frequency “time buckets.” The approach under concern is termed to as temporal aggregation, and in this article, we investigate its impact on forecasting performance. We assume that the nonaggregated demand follows either a moving average process of order one or a first‐order autoregressive process and a single exponential smoothing (SES) procedure is used to forecast demand. These demand processes are often encountered in practice and SES is one of the standard estimators used in industry. Theoretical mean‐squared error expressions are derived for the aggregated and nonaggregated demand to contrast the relevant forecasting performances. The theoretical analysis is supported by an extensive numerical investigation and experimentation with an empirical dataset. The results indicate that performance improvements achieved through the aggregation approach are a function of the aggregation level, the smoothing constant, and the process parameters. Valuable insights are offered to practitioners and the article closes with an agenda for further research in this area. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 60: 479–498, 2013     

Formation of adiabatic shearing band for high-strength Ti-5553 alloy: A dramatic thermoplastic microstructural evolution

By using split Hopkinson pressure bar, optical microscopy and electronic microscopy, we investigate the influence of initial microstructures on the adiabatic shear behavior of high-strength Ti–5Al–5V–5Mo–3Cr (Ti-5553) alloy with lamellar microstructure and bimodal microstructure. Lamellar alloy tends to form adiabatic shearing band (ASB) at low compression strain, while bimodal alloy is considerably ASB-resistant. Comparing with the initial microstructure of Ti-5553 alloy, we find that the microstructure of the ASB changes dramatically. Adiabatic shear of lamellar Ti-5553 alloy not only results in the formation of recrystallized β nano-grains within the ASB, but also leads to the chemical redistribution of the alloying elements such as Al, V, Cr and Mo. As a result, the alloying elements distribute evenly in the ASB. In contrast, the dramatic adiabatic shear of bimodal alloy might give rise to the complete lamination of the globular primary α grain and the equiaxial prior β grain, which is accompanied by the dynamic recrystallization of α lamellae and β lamellae. As a result, ASB of bimodal alloy is composed of α/β nano-multilayers. Chemical redistribution does not occur in ASB of bimodal alloy. Bimodal Ti-5553 alloy should be a promising candidate for high performance armors with high mass efficiency due to the processes high dynamic flow stress and excellent ASB-resistance.     

潜射无人机及其对潜艇作战带来的变化

从水下航母的历史出发,简述了现代战争对潜射无人机的需求,分析了潜艇(尤其是核潜艇)装备潜射无人机的优势和给作战带来的变化,说明了它对发展水下航母的重要性。之后,以美国潜射无人机研发为例,总结了其研究进展,探讨了它目前面临或需要解决的问题,表明了其发展方向。