基于系统动力学的装备保障体制系统仿真分析

装备保障体制系统具有复杂性、动态性和非线性等特点,构建了三级装备保障体制的SD仿真理想模型和仿真延迟模型。充分考虑保障系统生成各要素之间都具有的反馈性和时滞性,通过模型仿真对三级装备保障系统的稳定性进行了分析,并指出了建立二级装备保障体制的条件,分析了军民联合的保障机制对保持保障系统稳定性的重要作用。最后基于仿真结果提出了装备保障体制建设方面的几点建议。     

高架索的多体动力学模型

针对目前海上补给装备研制中尚无可用的高架索模型的现状,从多体动力学角度入手,研究了绳索多体系统动力学模型的建立方法,将绳索均匀划分为若干刚体单元,各单元之间采用球铰连接。用该方法建立了绳索的多刚体系统动力学模型,并在此基础上,应用仿真软件 ADAMS 对海上横向干货补给过程进行仿真计算。结果表明：海上补给高架索多刚体系统动力学模型完全可以模拟实际的高架索,且仿真计算结果与高架索力学振动模型的计算结果相比更贴近实际情况。     

水下航行体惯性类水动力系数的计算方法

为了系统地计算水下航行体全套惯性类水动力系数,提高计算效率和计算精度,通过基于无粘模型的计算方法对水下航行体的运动进行了预报;通过UDF及动网格技术,对匀速运动和匀加速运动的SUBOFF模型进行了分析.设计了单方向速度线性变化的匀加速直线运动和匀加速回转运动,并通过换算和数值拟合处理得到了潜艇所受的惯性力和惯性类水动力系数.该系数与试验误差保证在6％之内,验证了所提方法的可行性及准确性.     

不同介质中声辐射相似性

研究不同介质中声学相似条件,可为空气噪声实验数据推算相应条件水下辐射噪声,替代复杂水下实验提供依据。因此,首先运用了因次分析法对任意不同介质中的声辐射相似性进行了分析;然后,采用结构有限元耦合流体边界元理论,利用NASTRAN计算模型表面流固耦合振动;最后,通过FORTRAN边界元程序计算辐射声场;以加肋圆柱壳为对象在水和空气两种典型介质中进行了数值模拟验证。理论推导与数值计算的结果一致性表明:不同介质中两个几何相似、表面振动相似的系统间结构表面振幅与该系统几何尺度成正比、表面振动波波长与该系统传声介质中声波波长成正比时,两个模型的无量纲声压相等。     

固-液旋流分离器结构优化模拟研究

采用计算流体力学方法与流体动力学分析软件Fluent,探讨了固-液旋流分离器的溢流口直径、锥角、圆柱段长度和入口直径等主要结构参数对其颗粒溢流率的影响,并在此基础上进行结构参数的优化。结果表明,锥角、圆柱段长度和入口直径过大或过小都不利于旋流分离器的固液分离,均存在一个最佳值。对于主直径为75 mm的单锥双入口固-液旋流分离器,最佳圆柱段长度为87.0 mm,最佳入口直径为16.0 mm,最佳溢流口直径为16.5 mm,最佳锥角为6.0°。     

穿甲弹对自行火炮易损性分析与计算

分析了自行火炮在穿甲弹作用下的易损性,建立了自行火炮易损性计算模型,并以某型自行火炮为例,分别计算了该炮在120mm穿甲弹正面命中与侧面命中时的毁伤概率。     

Scheduling to minimize the total compression and late costs

We consider a single-machine scheduling model in which the job processing times are controllable variables with linear costs. The objective is to minimize the sum of the cost incurred in compressing job processing times and the cost associated with the number of late jobs. The problem is shown to be NP-hard even when the due dates of all jobs are identical. We present a dynamic programming solution algorithm and a fully polynomial approximation scheme for the problem. Several efficient heuristics are proposed for solving the problem. Computational experiments demonstrate that the heuristics are capable of producing near-optimal solutions quickly. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 45: 67–82, 1998     

气体化学反应速率的 DSMC 方法

为预报化学反应过程,应用ＤＳＭＣ方法研究了双原子分子的离解反应,讨论了高温情况下（Ｔ～Ｅａ／ｋ）采用由实验测定得到的反应速率与气体温度间Ａｒｒｈｅｎｉｕｓ经验关系式的可靠性问题,分析了振动热非平衡效应对于离解反应速率的影响,给出了由ＤＳＭＣ方法得到的离解反应速率与气体温度的关系曲线。     

基于流场特性的管内检测机器人的外形优选研究

管道内检测机器人的结构形状是影响其运动学、动力学特性的关键因素,在机器人设计中占有重要地位。在合理提出一些基本假设后,用二阶迎风差分格式离散管道内检测机器人附近流场的控制方程,并用SIMPLE算法求解,得到了7种不同形状的管道内检测机器人所受的差压驱动力及其周围的流场信息,并对这几种结构的CFD特性作了比较。最后综合空化条件、驱动力、腔内有效体积和加工难度等因素,确定了上游半球形结构为设计形状。     

Scheduling a production–distribution system to optimize the tradeoff between delivery tardiness and distribution cost

We consider a make‐to‐order production–distribution system with one supplier and one or more customers. A set of orders with due dates needs to be processed by the supplier and delivered to the customers upon completion. The supplier can process one order at a time without preemption. Each customer is at a distinct location and only orders from the same customer can be batched together for delivery. Each delivery shipment has a capacity limit and incurs a distribution cost. The problem is to find a joint schedule of order processing at the supplier and order delivery from the supplier to the customers that optimizes an objective function involving the maximum delivery tardiness and the total distribution cost. We first study the solvability of various cases of the problem by either providing an efficient algorithm or proving the intractability of the problem. We then develop a fast heuristic for the general problem. We show that the heuristic is asymptotically optimal as the number of orders goes to infinity. We also evaluate the performance of the heuristic computationally by using lower bounds obtained by a column generation approach. Our results indicate that the heuristic is capable of generating near optimal solutions quickly. Finally, we study the value of production–distribution integration by comparing our integrated approach with two sequential approaches where scheduling decisions for order processing are made first, followed by order delivery decisions, with no or only partial integration of the two decisions. We show that in many cases, the integrated approach performs significantly better than the sequential approaches. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005