Scheduling jobs with piecewise linear decreasing processing times

We study the problems of scheduling a set of nonpreemptive jobs on a single or multiple machines without idle times where the processing time of a job is a piecewise linear nonincreasing function of its start time. The objectives are the minimization of makespan and minimization of total job completion time. The single machine problems are proved to be NP‐hard, and some properties of their optimal solutions are established. A pseudopolynomial time algorithm is constructed for makespan minimization. Several heuristics are derived for both total completion time and makespan minimization. Computational experiments are conducted to evaluate their efficiency. NP‐hardness proofs and polynomial time algorithms are presented for some special cases of the parallel machine problems. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 50: 531–554, 2003     

谈短跑放松能力的作用与训练

要高度激烈竞赛中,提高机体高速奔跑中的放松能力是短跑获取胜利的关键,放松能力的培养可从短跑专项技术的高度自动化和稳定性、肌肉力量的均衡发展、神经系统的灵活性、肌体的柔韧性及心理素质等方面共同协调形成。     

双重改性空心微珠的制备及表征

首先采用液相沉积碳化法对空心微珠表面进行无机改性,制备出表面无机改性空心微珠;再对无机改性空心微珠进行有机改性,制备出了双重改性空心微珠。采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、红外光谱、热失重以及分光光度计法对双重改性空心微珠的制备进行了表征。结果表明：采用双重改性方法制备的表面改性空心微珠微观形貌仍为球状,微珠由灰黑色变为淡黄色;微珠表面的CaCO3属方解石相六方晶系;双重改性空心微珠中CaCO3质量分数约为7%,有机改性剂质量分数约为17%。双重改性空心微珠较之单纯有机改性空心微珠在500SN基础油中的分散稳定性能明显提高。     

土质隧洞围岩稳定性分析与设计计算方法探讨

论述了以洞周位移量与围岩塑性区大小作为围岩稳定性经验判据的不足，依靠模型试验与力学计算，分析了隧洞破坏机理与形式。由此提出将基于有限元强度折减法求出的围岩安全系数作为稳定分析判据，这种判据有严格的力学依据，有统一的标准，而且不受其他因素的影响。研究了隧洞围岩安全系数（剪切安全系数、拉裂安全系数）与衬砌安全系数的算法以及隧洞设计计算方法。最后以黄土洞室为例，给出了土体隧洞设计计算新方法，并对土体隧洞今后的研究方向提出了几点展望。     

多GPU的可压缩湍流并行计算

利用CUDA Fortran语言发展了一种基于GPU的计算流体力学可压缩湍流求解器。该求解器基于结构网格有限体积法,空间离散采用AUSMPW 格式,湍流模型为k-ω SST两方程模型,采用MPI实现并行计算。针对最新的GPU架构,讨论了通量计算的优化方法及GPU计算与PCIe数据传输、MPI通信重叠的多GPU并行算法。进行了超声速进气道及空天飞机等算例的数值模拟以验证GPU在大网格量情况下的加速性能。计算结果表明相对于Intel Xeon E5-2670 CPU单一核心的计算时间,单块NVIDIA GTX Titan Black GPU可获得107至125倍的加速比。利用四块GPU实现了复杂外形1.34亿网格的快速计算,并行效率为91.6%。     

潜艇水下回转运动稳定性分析

水下回转运动是潜艇常用的运动形式之一,属于潜艇转向运动的重要研究内容。回转运动过程中,潜艇受力复杂,容易出现分岔等非线性现象,潜艇运动稳定性变差。运用同伦延拓法、分岔理论和李雅普诺夫运动稳定性理论分析了潜艇水下回转运动稳定性,并通过数值仿真试验验证了分析结果的正确性和分析方法的有效性,为潜艇运动稳定性的研究提供了思路。     

Balancing stability and efficiency in team formation as a generalized roommate problem

The assignment of personnel to teams is a fundamental managerial function typically involving several objectives and a variety of idiosyncratic practical constraints. Despite the prevalence of this task in practice, the process is seldom approached as an optimization problem over the reported preferences of all agents. This is due in part to the underlying computational complexity that occurs when intra-team interpersonal interactions are taken into consideration, and also due to game-theoretic considerations, when those taking part in the process are self-interested agents. Variants of this fundamental decision problem arise in a number of settings, including, for example, human resources and project management, military platooning, ride sharing, data clustering, and in assigning students to group projects. In this article, we study an analytical approach to “team formation” focused on the interplay between two of the most common objectives considered in the related literature: economic efficiency (i.e., the maximization of social welfare) and game-theoretic stability (e.g., finding a core solution when one exists). With a weighted objective across these two goals, the problem is modeled as a bi-level binary optimization problem, and transformed into a single-level, exponentially sized binary integer program. We then devise a branch-cut-and-price algorithm and demonstrate its efficacy through an extensive set of simulations, with favorable comparisons to other algorithms from the literature.     

Missile defense and strategic stability: Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) in South Korea

South Korea is threatened by its troubled relationship with North Korea. North Korea possesses a large cache of missiles as well as chemical and biological weapons, and the future potential to mount nuclear weapons on its missiles. The United States is also challenged because of its defense commitments to Seoul. As a countermeasure, the United States and South Korea decided to deploy Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) missile defenses in South Korea. However, China has objected. Chinese scholars believe the THAAD radar would be able to track Chinese inter-continental ballistic missiles, thereby weakening their deterrent. A technical analysis does not support this assertion. However, it is vital for South Korea, given its proximity and economic interdependence, to reassure China. South Korea should highlight that THAAD will be deployed by the United States Forces Korea and is not a commitment by Seoul to become part of U.S.-led missile defenses in the Asia-Pacific.     

MEO非共振轨道导航星座摄动补偿控制

针对我国新一代全球导航星座长期构型维持控制问题,提出了MEO星座构型状态描述方法,分析了主要摄动力和轨道参数偏差作用下的星座构型演化规律,结合实测数据对稳定性规律进行了验证;研究了参数偏置摄动补偿控制原理,提出了一种改进的解耦控制方案,分析了星座部署时间对摄动补偿控制量的影响规律,得到了一些有益的关键性结论,为我国全球导航系统的星座构型设计和运控策略制定奠定了基础。     

基于脉冲控制的末修弹飞行稳定性研究

脉冲力的瞬间作用会引起攻角和侧滑角的急剧变化,对末修弹飞行稳定性产生较大的影响.以线性化运动微分方程组为数学解析手段,对末修弹脉冲作用稳定性进行深入分析研究.数值仿真表明,采用小扰动法分析弹丸脉冲控制弹丸飞行稳定性是可行的.