分形理论在装备保障组织设计中的应用研究

基于分形理论，提出了一种适应敏捷化要求的分形装备保障系统组织模型，能够通过快速的重构以响应战场环境的变化。阐明了其层次性、自相似、自组织和自优化的组织结构特点，分析了其运行模式。     

自由漂浮柔性机械臂系统的动力学建模与仿真

动量矩守恒约束使自由漂浮柔性机械臂系统成为非完整系统,其动力学模型通常是难以求解的微分—代数方程,因此提出将机械臂系统等效为一个完整系统进行建模。假设载体存在姿态控制力矩,此时由于不存在动量矩守恒约束,系统变成一个完整系统,采用Lagrange方法建立其动力学方程;令方程中载体的姿态控制力矩为零,即得到自由漂浮机械臂系统的动力学方程;采用数值方法求解动力学方程,并将动力学分析的结果与ADAMS中仿真的结果进行对比,验证了模型能够有效模拟自由漂浮柔性机械臂系统的动力学特性。     

掠飞末敏弹耦合运动动导数计算

以新型掠飞末敏弹为研究对象,提出了基于欧拉转动定理和滑移网格技术的复杂角运动模拟方法,利用著名的罗德里格斯转换矩阵插值求得弹箭在每个时间步的角速度修正值,并指定给球形滑移网格区。通过对非定常气动参数进行求解辨识,分析了不同马赫数下掠飞末敏弹滚转运动对其俯仰组合动导数和升力系数动导数的影响规律。结果表明:所提角运动模拟方法可有效消除姿态角计算的累积误差,实现对弹箭任意给定角运动的准确模拟;弹箭滚转运动对俯仰组合导数和升力系数动导数的辨识结果均存在显著影响,在进行弹箭动导数计算和稳定性分析时需充分考虑俯仰耦合效应的影响。     

满足大动压模拟要求的试验弹道优化设计

为了解决弹道导弹在高海拔发射场进行飞行试验时的大动压检验问题,提出一种模拟大动压条件的试验弹道设计方法。针对发射场的实际特点,建立残骸再入的动力学模型与落区边界模型;将大动压模拟条件转化为过程约束,提出一种主动段联合优化策略。基于自适应模拟退火算法,分别设计了三组满足不同大动压模拟条件和各项约束的试验弹道,并给出了对应的落区调整方案,验证了该方法的可行性。设计结果表明,最大动压主要出现在一级,一级最大负攻角增加,则最大动压也明显提高;同时调整发射方位角和二、三级程序角可以保证试验弹道满足弹头落点约束条件。     

Determination of burn‐in parameters and residual life for highly reliable products

Today, many products are designed and manufactured to function for a long period of time before they fail. Determining product reliability is a great challenge to manufacturers of highly reliable products with only a relatively short period of time available for internal life testing. In particular, it may be difficult to determine optimal burn‐in parameters and characterize the residual life distribution. A promising alternative is to use data on a quality characteristic (QC) whose degradation over time can be related to product failure. Typically, product failure corresponds to the first passage time of the degradation path beyond a critical value. If degradation paths can be modeled properly, one can predict failure time and determine the life distribution without actually observing failures. In this paper, we first use a Wiener process to describe the continuous degradation path of the quality characteristic of the product. A Wiener process allows nonconstant variance and nonzero correlation among data collected at different time points. We propose a decision rule for classifying a unit as normal or weak, and give an economic model for determining the optimal termination time and other parameters of a burn‐in test. Next, we propose a method for assessing the product's lifetime distribution of the passed units. The proposed methodologies are all based only on the product's initial observed degradation data. Finally, an example of an electronic product, namely contact image scanner (CIS), is used to illustrate the proposed procedure. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2003     

改进的Euler方法应用于非线性方程求根

本文通过引入动力系统，将改进的Euler方法应用于非线性方程求根问题，给出非线性方程求根的预估-再校正迭代格式，证明了该格式至少二阶收敛并可以调节参数达到超收敛。最后给出数值实验，数值结果验证了算法的有效性。     

大型相控阵雷达系统安全性综合评价

针对大型相控阵雷达系统安全性因素多、评价困难的特点，分析并建立了大型相控阵雷达系统安全评价指标体系。提出了一种基于改进模糊层次分析法、熵权法和拉格朗日算法确定综合权重的方法，并建立了雷达系统安全性模糊综合评价模型。以某型大型相控阵雷达系统的安全性评价为例，运用所提方法确定该雷达系统的安全性指标综合权重，并进行安全性综合评价。将该方法与传统AHP评价法进行对比分析，验证了该方法的科学性和合理性。     

The building evacuation problem with shared information

In this article, the Building Evacuation Problem with Shared Information (BEPSI) is formulated as a mixed integer linear program, where the objective is to determine the set of routes along which to send evacuees (supply) from multiple locations throughout a building (sources) to the exits (sinks) such that the total time until all evacuees reach the exits is minimized. The formulation explicitly incorporates the constraints of shared information in providing online instructions to evacuees, ensuring that evacuees departing from an intermediate or source location at a mutual point in time receive common instructions. Arc travel time and capacity, as well as supply at the nodes, are permitted to vary with time and capacity is assumed to be recaptured over time. The BEPSI is shown to be NP‐hard. An exact technique based on Benders decomposition is proposed for its solution. Computational results from numerical experiments on a real‐world network representing a four‐story building are given. Results of experiments employing Benders cuts generated in solving a given problem instance as initial cuts in addressing an updated problem instance are also provided. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

H2O2/HTPB固液混合发动机点火试验研究

利用H2O2催化分解原理,设计了烃类燃料在催化分解的90%H2O2中能燃烧的点火器,然后采用该点火器进行H2O2/HTPB固液混合发动机点火试验研究.试验结果表明,该点火器能够成功启动H2O2/HTPB固液混合发动机,且当混合比偏离最佳混合比后,发动机的燃烧效率降低.     

Estimating failure time distribution and its parameters based on intermediate data from a Wiener degradation model

Instead of measuring a Wiener degradation or performance process at predetermined time points to track degradation or performance of a product for estimating its lifetime, we propose to obtain the first‐passage times of the process over certain nonfailure thresholds. Based on only these intermediate data, we obtain the uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator and uniformly most accurate confidence interval for the mean lifetime. For estimating the lifetime distribution function, we propose a modified maximum likelihood estimator and a new estimator and prove that, by increasing the sample size of the intermediate data, these estimators and the above‐mentioned estimator of the mean lifetime can achieve the same levels of accuracy as the estimators assuming one has failure times. Thus, our method of using only intermediate data is useful for highly reliable products when their failure times are difficult to obtain. Furthermore, we show that the proposed new estimator of the lifetime distribution function is more accurate than the standard and modified maximum likelihood estimators. We also obtain approximate confidence intervals for the lifetime distribution function and its percentiles. Finally, we use light‐emitting diodes as an example to illustrate our method and demonstrate how to validate the Wiener assumption during the testing. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008