典型包装材料燃烧性能实验研究

使用锥形量热仪对典型包装材料———内衬聚苯乙烯(PS)泡沫塑料外包装硬纸板的燃烧性能进行了实验研究,测得了不同热辐射强度下包装材料样品的点燃时间、热释放速率、质量损失率、比消光面积(发烟量)、CO的产率等燃烧性能参数。实验结果表明,包装材料受热辐射时很容易被点燃,燃烧时放出大量的热和有毒烟气。     

点火瞬态过程对复合固体推进剂力学响应特性的影响

根据一个有效的非线性粘弹模型,导出复合固体推进剂微分形式本构方程和应变速率关系式。分析表明点火瞬态过程中压强与推进剂应变、升压速率与推进剂应变速率之间呈线性关系,线性系数均为推进剂初始模量。     

On the behavior and shape of mixture failure rates from a family of IFR Weibull distributions

Populations of many types of component are heterogeneous and often consist of a small number of different subpopulations. This is called a mixture and it arises in a number of situations. For example, a majority of products in industrial populations are mixtures of defective items with shorter lifetimes and standard items with longer lifetimes. It is a well‐known result that distributions with decreasing failure rates are closed under mixture. However, mixtures of distributions with increasing failure rates are not easily classifiable. If the subpopulations involved in the mixture have increasing failure rates, there might be some upward movement in the mixture and later a general downward pull towards the strongest component. Little work has been done in describing the shape of mixture failure rates when all subpopulations do not have decreasing failure rate. In this paper, we present general results that describe the shape and behavior of a failure rate of a mixture obtained from two Weibull subpopulations with strictly increasing failure rates. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

排除虚假交叉定位点的新方法

多站测向交叉定位法是无源定位方法中应用较多的一种,但该方法易产生大量虚假定位点。针对这个问题,提出了一种排除交叉定位中虚假点的新方法。该方法以两个观测站为主站,其他观测站为辅站,利用辅站数据对主站数据进行筛选及反馈从而快速排除两主站中的虚假点。仿真结果表明,该算法能够快速、准确地排除虚假定位点。     

球类比赛对大学生球迷竞争意识的积极影响

通过各类球赛对大学生球迷竞争意识的积极影响研究与分析,球赛对不同大学生球迷的影响具差异性。大学生球迷对竞争意识认识不足,争取优胜的信念还有待提高,对外界事物的判断、认识不够准确,参与社会活动内容贫乏,形式单一,选择性少。随着年龄和学龄的增长,在生活与实践中的竞争意识得到进一步强化。球赛本身激烈性和内容丰富性的特点,可以有效地激发和培养大学生球迷的竞争意识,同时也强化了大学生球迷的竞争意识。     

舰船航渡过程中的松弛时间与航渡策略问题

针对舰船特点和任务要求,提出了舰船航渡中的松弛时间问题。在对问题分析的基础上,给出了松弛时间的定义并对其进行了建模,讨论了航渡失败的判断准则,给出了松弛时间的上下限以及航渡中实际的松弛时间的计算方法,并采用仿真的方法进行了典型航渡过程的松弛时间和成功概率的计算。在大量计算的基础上,初步探讨了航渡成功概率与各类航渡参数之间的关系,并对舰船最优航渡策略问题进行了初步分析,最后对于优化目标、计算初值、结果的表达方式等提出了一个可行的解决方案。     

正偏压对ZrCuN薄膜的组织结构与性能的影响

采用磁控溅射技术在钛合金和单晶硅上沉积ZrCuN薄膜,考查了正负脉冲偏压对薄膜微观结构和硬度、韧性的影响。采用场发射扫描电镜观察截面形貌,X射线光电子能谱（XPS）分析元素结合状态,X射线衍射（XRD）分析物相结构。采用纳米压入仪进行加载、卸载试验,分析了薄膜弹塑性变形特性;采用压入法定量比较了薄膜的断裂韧性。结果表明：正偏压不影响薄膜结构,其效果在于提高沉积速率约20%,改变等离子体内电荷状态,从而改变了薄膜的成分。向ZrN中添加少量Cu,抑制了柱状晶,薄膜结构由T区向II区转变;ZrN薄膜中加入Cu后硬度并未降低,而韧性得到很大改善。Cu在薄膜中以2种形式存在：一是替换固溶到ZrN晶粒中;二是以单质Cu存在于晶界。     

Dynamic necking of a near α titanium alloy at high strain rates:Experiments and modelling

The tensile behaviour of near α Ti3Al2.5 V alloy, conceived for applications in aerospace and automotive engineering, is characterized from quasi-static to high strain rates. The material is found to present noticeable strain rate sensitivity. The dynamic true strain rate in the necking cross-section reaches values up to ten times higher than the nominal strain rate. It is also observed that beyond necking the dynamic true stress-strain curves present limited rate dependence. The experimental results at different strain rates are used to determine a suitable constitutive model for finite element simulations of the dynamic tensile tests. The model predicts the experimentally macroscopic force-time response, true stress-strain response and effective strain rate evolution with good agreement.     

A melt-cast Duan-Zhang-Kim mesoscopic reaction rate model and experiment for shock initiation of melt-cast explosives

A melt-cast Duan-Zhang-Kim (DZK) mesoscopic reaction rate model is developed for the shock initiation of melt-cast explosives based on the pore collapse hot-spot ignition mechanism. A series of shock initiation experiments was performed for the Comp B melt-cast explosive to estimate effects of the loading pressure and the particle size of granular explosive component, and the mesoscopic model is validated against the experimental data. Further numerical simulations indicate that the initial density and formula proportion greatly affect the hot-spot ignition of melt-cast explosives.     

A critical look at the U.S. deceased‐donor organ procurement and utilization system

The U.S. system for procuring and utilizing deceased‐donor organs for transplantation has been studied and written about in many articles. The purpose of this paper is to examine the interactions between the elements that comprise this system, and point out improvement opportunities that may be affected through operations research/management techniques. The authors demonstrate the need for developing data‐driven and analytic tools. In fact, data is used to generate hypotheses and support claims throughout the paper. The paper also points out the need to fully leverage data that is available to researchers, and to seek data that is currently not deposited in a centralized archive.