基于路径跟踪的平流层飞艇柔性编队控制

建立平流层飞艇驻空阶段动力学模型,在定高飞行前提下,采用小扰动方法对动力学方程进行线性化处理。提出采用路径跟踪的平流层飞艇柔性领航-跟随编队控制方法,领航者和跟随者通过速度控制与航向控制,分别跟踪保持特定距离的参考路径,实现编队的柔性控制。以采用直线路径跟踪和采用圆路径跟踪的三平流层飞艇编队控制为例,对提出的柔性编队控制方法进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明:提出的路径跟踪方法控制精度高,提出的柔性编队控制方法可以实现编队稳定运行,避免编队成员碰撞现象的发生。     

梅花形弹性联轴器液压泵机组不对中故障振动分析

电液舵机的核心动力单元是由电机-泵构成的液压泵机组,可靠性和安静性是其关键性能指标。液压泵机组不对中会造成轴承磨损,降低液压泵机组可靠性,产生故障特征振动线谱,降低舰船安静性。梅花形弹性联轴器具有结构简单、补偿能力强、减振缓冲性能好等优点,已应用于舰船电液舵机动力单元。建立梅花形弹性联轴器偏角不对中的力学模型,理论分析了液压泵机组的振动特性,通过实测结果验证了理论分析的正确性,为使用梅花形弹性联轴器的液压泵机组不对中故障诊断提供理论基础与试验依据。     

高速破片撞击充液容器形成液压水锤的试验研究

为研究高速破片撞击充液容器形成的液压水锤效应，设计一套试验装置和测试方法，试验破片撞击充液容器产生空腔的变化过程、液体中不同位置处的压力变化以及前后面板的变形情况。试验发现：破片撞击容器后面板时会出现一圈空化气泡，气泡在后面板内表面从撞击点位置迅速沿径向扩展；液压水锤初始冲击阶段，距离撞击点较近区域在初始冲击波压力脉冲过后会出现一个较大负压，而距离撞击点较远区域不受负压影响；破片撞击速度对容器前面板最大变形影响较小，变形范围随着撞击速度的增大沿撞击点向四周扩展。后面板的最大变形及变形范围都随着破片撞击速度的增大而变大。     

空腔噪声非线性数值模拟

将雷诺平均N-S方程与非线性噪声求解方法相结合,对M219空腔在Ma=0.6,Ma=0.85,Ma=1.35条件下进行了气动噪声分析。通过雷诺平均N-S方程求解空腔流场,得到包含空腔平均流场基本特征以及强制设定的湍流脉动统计描述的初始湍流统计平均解,采用非线性噪声求解方法重构噪声源并高精度模拟压力脉动的传播。通过与试验结果对比表明非线性噪声求解方法能够较好地捕捉空腔流动中的压强脉动及噪声水平。与分离涡模拟方法相比,非线性噪声求解方法在保持计算精度的同时大大减少计算网格,对内埋弹舱快速设计具有一定的参考意义。     

临近空间大型柔性充气囊体结构特性分析*(专题约稿)

以临近空间平流层飞艇柔性充气囊体为研究对象,根据充气结构设计理论对充气囊体结构的最小压差和应力进行计算,建立平流层飞艇充气囊体结构有限元模型,在模型验证的基础上,采用非线性有限元方法对平流层飞艇充气囊体结构特性进行仿真分析,得到了囊体结构在不同压差和吊舱载荷作用下应力和变形分布及变化规律,并分析了结构加强配置对囊体应力和变形的影响,为平流层飞艇结构设计提供技术支撑和参考依据。     

BP神经网络在极移预报中的应用

为了提高地球定向参数极移的预报精度,建立了一个极移数据预报模型。利用傅里叶分析研究插值基础序列的周期特性,验证了基础序列重采样的可行性,提取插值基础序列数据的趋势项,利用多输入-单输出反向传播(Back Propagation,BP)神经网络建模预报不同跨度的残差序列,合并趋势项和残差序列得到最终的极移预报。预报结果表明,选取合适的插值基础序列得到的预报极移精度较高,此BP神经网络能够有效地应用于地球定向参数极移的预报。     

某越野火箭炮行驶垂向动态特性研究

以某型高机动越野火箭炮为研究对象,基于随机路面激励,应用多刚体系统动力学和柔性多体动力学的理论,建立该越野火箭炮刚柔耦合模型,研究其行驶垂向动力学特性。考虑了油气弹簧的非线性特性以及轮胎的作用,重点编写了B、C、D级路面的随机路面谱,进行不同车速下的行驶动力学仿真。结果表明,非线性的油气悬架系统能较好地减轻路面的垂向冲击。仿真得到的车炮动态响应特性曲线,为该高机动火箭炮的研制提供了有用的参考。     

Resistance of grid steel-tube-confined concrete targets against projectile impact: Experimental investigation and analytical engineering model

Steel-tube-confined concrete (STCC) targets are provided with excellent anti-penetration performance over semi-infinite concrete (SIC) targets since the steel tube imposes passive restraint on the in-filled concrete during the penetration process. Grid STCC system with square steel tubes is a potential solution to protective structures. In this paper, experiments of 9-cell grid STCC targets penetrated by 12.7 mm Armor Piercing Projectile (APP) were performed. The influence of side length and thickness of steel tube, steel ratio and impact velocity on anti-penetration performance were taken into account. Additionally, single-cell square STCC targets were also designed and tested for comparison with the 9-cell grid STCC targets. Damage modes and parameters of the tested targets were measured and discussed. Moreover, the stiffness of radial confinement of grid STCC targets is achieved according to the elastic solution of infinite cylindrical shell in Winkler medium. Furthermore, the penetration resistance and depth of penetration (DOP) for grid STCC targets are obtained on the basis of the dynamic finite spherical cavity-expansion (FSCE) models including radial confinement effect. It is shown that the 9-cell grid STCC targets with optimal dimension match of thickness and side length of steel tube can reduce the DOP by about 17 % and 23 % in comparison with the SIC targets and single-cell square STCC targets, respectively, due to both the confinement of square steel tube to concrete in the impacted cell and the additional confinement of the surrounding cells to the impacted cell; the penetration resistance and DOP of the grid and cellular STCC targets with similar steel ratio is close, and thus the grid STCC targets with simpler manufacturing process and excellent in-plane expandability are preferred in engineering practice; moreover, the predicted results of DOP model based on the FSCE models agree well with the tested results with the maximum disparity less than 12 % and the proposed model is more applicable to the grid and cellular STCC targets with high radial confinement.     

Efficient algorithms for flexible job shop scheduling with parallel machines

Job shop scheduling with a bank of machines in parallel is important from both theoretical and practical points of view. Herein we focus on the scheduling problem of minimizing the makespan in a flexible two-center job shop. The first center consists of one machine and the second has k parallel machines. An easy-to-perform approximate algorithm for minimizing the makespan with one-unit-time operations in the first center and k-unit-time operations in the second center is proposed. The algorithm has the absolute worst-case error bound of k − 1 , and thus for k = 1 it is optimal. Importantly, it runs in linear time and its error bound is independent of the number of jobs to be processed. Moreover, the algorithm can be modified to give an optimal schedule for k = 2 .     

固体运载器姿态控制系统自适应滤波器设计

采用大长细比、轻结构质量设计方案的固体运载器结构刚度较小,姿态控制系统设计需要考虑弹性振动的影响。设计了自适应滤波器实现对箭体弹性振动信号的抑制:将滤波器参数自适应问题转化为系统参数辨识问题,通过Steiglitz-McBride参数辨识方法求解,该方法具有计算复杂性低、收敛迅速等特点,适用于箭上计算机实时计算。通过闭环仿真表明,在箭体弹性频率发生变化的条件下,具有自适应滤波器的控制系统能够跟踪这种变化,有效抑制振动信号对控制器的影响,保持运载器姿态运动稳定。