边疆和谐社会建设视野下的民族问题探析

民族问题是影响边疆和谐社会构建的重要方面之一。民族问题对边疆安全的影响，其根源主要体现在两个方面：一是民族利益矛盾。二是民族宗教问题。     

Economic sanctions and official ethnic discrimination in target countries, 1950–2003

Conventional studies on the consequences of sanctions tend to focus on the target society as a whole without specifying how foreign economic pressures might affect the well-being of vulnerable groups within target countries – the same groups who often disproportionately bear the burden of sanctions. This study explores the extent to which sanctions increase the likelihood of discriminatory government practices against one of the globally most vulnerable groups, ethnic groups. It is argued that sanctions contribute to the rise of official ethnic-based economic and political discrimination through contracting the economy and creating incentives for the target government to employ ethnic-based discriminatory policies. Using data on over 900 ethnic groups from 1950 to 2003, the results lend support for the theoretical claim that sanctions prompt the government to pursue ethnic-based discriminatory economic and political practices in multiethnic countries. The findings also indicate that multilateral sanctions are likely to be more harmful to the well-being of ethnic groups than sanctions levied by individual countries. Further, the negative effect of comprehensive sanctions appears to be greater than that of sanctions with moderate and limited impact on the target economy. The regime type of the target state, on the other hand, appears to have a significant role only in conditioning the hypothesized effect of sanctions on economic discrimination. Overall, this study’s focus on a vulnerable segment of the target society – ethnic groups – offers a greater understanding of the consequences of sanctions. It also provides additional insight as to how, in multiethnic countries, political elites might domestically respond to external pressures to retain power.     

|μ(G)|=|π(G)|的有限群

本文讨论了一类有限群,当且仅当|μ(G)|=|π(G)|,我们称该群 G 为“*”群。我们得到了“*”群的一系列性质,并给出了在群 G 可解或超可解情形下“*”群的基本构造。     

喀什地区女性受教育情况实证调查及对策研究

本文研究和探讨了民族地区女性受教育的现状及对策，以期促进民族地区人口素质的提高，和谐新疆的构建和全面小康社会的实现。     

基于族群机制的花朵授粉算法

针对花朵授粉算法易陷入局部极值、收敛速度慢等不足,提出一种具有族群机制的花朵授粉算法。该算法把种群分成多个族群,各族群的最优个体再组成新的种群,进而促进种群间的信息交流,有效地协调种群进化过程中的全局搜索和局部搜索能力,避免个体的早熟收敛,提高算法的全局寻优能力及收敛速度。通过8个CEC2005benchmark测试函数进行测试比较,仿真结果表明,改进算法的寻优性能明显优于基本的花朵授粉算法、粒子群算法和蝙蝠算法,其收敛精度、收敛速度、鲁棒性均较对比算法有较大提高。     

新疆少数民族高等教育与人口就业——基于二进制响应模型的实证检验

新疆少数民族高等教育和人口就业的关系是一个异常重要,却少有学者关注的研究领域。本文利用二进制响应模型实证检验了新疆少数民族高等教育对就业的影响。研究结果显示,新疆少数民族高等教育是促进人口就业的Ganger原因,少数民族高等教育对促进就业具有显著的滞后效应,当期少数民族在校大学生占比超过其中位数,一年后就业人口占比超过其中位数的概率将增加23.13%,两年后全疆就业人口占比超过其中位数的概率将增加57.95%。为此,本文提出了进一步提高少数民族高考升学率,继续巩固基础教育阶段成果和高度重视少数民族职业教育和培训等三方面的建议。     

维吾尔族数学文化调查分析

维吾尔族传统文化中包含着丰富的数学元素。充分挖掘和展示维吾尔族文化中的数学知识,重视课程资源开发,提倡数学学习方式的多样化,深化多元文化视野下的数学教育对于推进少数民族地区数学课程改革具有积极的现实意义。此外,有关民族数学教育学的理论体系的建立及实践探索也是必须涉及的一个重要方面。     

具有不确定信息的作战方案优选的群决策方法

根据群决策的特点,按照集议决策的习惯程序,提出了一种充分发挥集议决策优势的群决策方法。并基于区间分析对潜艇布雷方案优选中的不确定性进行处理,最后利用了区间数多属性决策的TOPSIS法行为集结的最后结果（决策矩阵）进行数学集结,较好地做到了决策在定性和定量上的综合集成。     

Nitro-tetrazole based high performing explosives: Recent overview of synthesis and energetic properties

Heterocyclic skeleton (Azoles) and different energetic groups containing high performing explosives are highly emerged in recent years to meet the challenging requirements of energetic materials in both military and civilian applications with improved performance. For this purpose tetrazole (Azole) is identified as an attractive heterocyclic backbone with energetic functional groups nitro (-NO₂), nitrato (-ONO₂), nitrimino (-NNO₂), and nitramino (–NH–NO₂) to replace the traditionally used high performing explosives. The tetrazole based compounds having these energetic functional groups demonstrated advanced energetic performance (detonation velocity and pressure), densities, and heat of formation (HOF) and became a potential replacement of traditional energetic compounds such as RDX. This review presents a summary of the recently reported nitro-tetrazole energetic compounds containing poly-nitro, di/mono-nitro, nitrato/nitramino/nitrimino, bridged/bis/di tetrazole and nitro functional groups, describing their preparation methods, advance energetic properties, and further applications as high-performing explosives, especially those reported in the last decade. This review aims to provide a fresh concept for designing nitro-tetrazole based high performing explosives together with major challenges and perspectives.     

要地防空群对敌主攻方向确定度分析

针对目前防空作战中对敌主攻方向判断的困难和复杂性,运用系统工程理论、模糊数学等理论探索要地防空群对敌主攻方向定量判断问题。全面分析了影响敌主攻方向选取的诸多因素,建立了分析指标体系和模糊综合分析模型,为判断敌主攻方向提供了一种新的思路和定量分析的方法。在影响敌空袭目标选取的因素中,不确定和灰色的因素多,模糊综合分析方法采取定量与定性分析相结合的办法,把定性的因素定量化,较科学地解决了要地防空群对敌主攻方向判断的问题,进一步丰富了防空兵作战指挥精确决策理论。