基于HLA的鱼雷武器系统分布交互仿真

为避免传统意义上低层次、低效率的重复开发,通过对HIA联邦成员的仿真流程及内部接口关系的研究,构建了基于HLA标准的由鱼雷、发射艇、目标、对抗器材等联邦成员组成的鱼雷作战对抗分布交互仿真系统,给出了仿真系统的网络拓扑结构,完成了联邦成员的功能实现.介绍了水声对抗条件下的基本作战仿真流程,包括初始设定、仿真计算、搜索探测...     

基于HLA的导弹攻防仿真系统分析与设计

基于HLA建立仿真应用系统是提高作战仿真活动效率的有效途径。分析了导弹攻防仿真系统的组成和特点,在联邦开发与执行过程模型(FEDEP)基础上,结合作者的开发经验,探讨了基于HLA的仿真应用系统开发的一般过程,将其总结为系统分析、联邦设计、FOM/SOM开发、联邦成员实现与联邦集成四个步骤。给出了某地地导弹与宙斯盾防御系统攻防仿真的系统设计实例。     

基于HLA的潜艇作战仿真训练系统

潜艇是一个技术密集、功能设备较多,操作战位分散、相互协同要求高的作战整体,其作战仿真训练系统对各仿真部位和控制部位的可重用性和互操作性要求很高,潜艇作为潜艇作战仿真训练系统的核心,其仿真水平的高低将直接影响整个系统的训练效能.为了提高潜艇作战仿真训练系统联邦的可重用性,增强各仿真部位和控制部位的互操作性,构造更为合理的体系结构,结合潜艇部队装备发展和作战训练实际,基于高层体系结构(HLA)机制,重点研究基于HLA的潜艇作战仿真训练系统联邦中潜艇联邦成员的实现问题.     

仿真网格原型系统的设计与实现

进行仿真网格原型系统的研究是解决仿真网格关键技术的基础。SGE网格引擎是一个构建本地和集群级网格的工具,通过SGE构建基本的网格平台,根据HLA仿真任务的特点,对分布式仿真网格的原型系统进行了研究和设计。提出了仿真网格的双通道通信机制:一个通道负责仿真网格组件的通信,另一个通道负责HLA仿真任务之间的通信。提出了仿真任务在仿真网格中的三种调度模式:以进程为单位的调度、以联邦成员为单位的调度、以联邦为单位的调度等。通过研究初步实现了仿真网格的原型系统,并对HLA仿真任务的三种调度模式进行了简单的测试。     

作战仿真系统开发平台研究及应用

作战仿真已成为人们对军事问题进行研究的重要手段。从作战仿真需求出发,研究了作战仿真系统的开发平台的组成、功能和应用模式,给出了面向作战仿真的平台解决方案。平台的核心是作战仿真引擎HYCGF,HYCGF提出了一种可组装的实体模型框架和基于"计划"的实体行为建模方法,基于该框架的实体状态和行为能力完全由装配的状态池和模型组件所决定。最后,介绍了应用该平台开发一个典型作战仿真应用的案例。     

基于DWK海洋作战建模与仿真

直接基于HLA/RTI进行分布式仿真系统开发,存在对用户开发经验要求较高的问题,针对这种不足,提出了一种基于DWK(数字化武器开发平台)快速构建海洋作战仿真系统的方法.在简述DWK功能结构的基础上,解决了系统结构设计、实体建模、FOM开发、兵力模型和HLA模型研究、联邦成员开发等多项关键技术,系统的开发过程证明了该方法...     

基于HLA的反导作战仿真研究

在部署反导防御系统前后,不可能用解析方法或实战演练对其总体功能和作战效能进行评估,现阶段采用基于HLA的反导作战仿真系统则可以较好地解决这个问题。首先阐述了一般分布式仿真系统的逻辑结构,然后设计实现了反导作战分布仿真系统,重点讲述了联邦成员的设计与实现、仿真演示部分的设计和基于XML的仿真数据库的设计,为将来反导防御系统的演示验证打下基础。     

基于作战仿真的导弹武器系统作战效能评估

针对空空导弹武器系统效能评估问题,提出了基于HLA作战仿真的作战效能评估方法,设计了作战效能评估系统,建立了效能评估指标体系;基于高层体系结构(HLA)设计了空空导弹效能评估仿真系统,给出了基本仿真联邦成员的设计,根据HLA运行机制及效能评估需求,设计了仿真流程图。     

野战防空作战系统的仿真策略

在分析野战防空作战系统特点的基础上,讨论该系统的仿真策略,提出了主动实体交替扫描的仿真策略,并给出了非形式化的描述。该方法体现了事件调度法和活动扫描法的优点,使之更适合于仿真带有对抗性离散事件系统,因此,对其它作战系统,尤其是战术C~3I 系统的仿真,也是适用的。     

预警机雷达电子对抗系统作战效能仿真分析

搭建了由电磁环境仿真层、电磁效应分析层以及电子对抗系统作战效能评估层等构成的预警机雷达电子对抗系统作战效能仿真分析的技术框架。采用高层体系结构技术建立了预警机雷达电子对抗仿真联邦,主要包括预警机雷达对抗仿真成员的概念模型、预警机仿真成员的概念模型、预警机雷达对抗仿真数学模型以及预警机雷达对抗仿真联邦对象模型。最后通过2型4个雷达干扰站对预警机雷达电子对抗过程进行了仿真,验证了预警机雷达电子对抗系统作战效能仿真分析方法的有效性。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.