带限信号的最大熵正则外推算法

基于最大熵正则化构造了一种新的稳定的带限信号正则外推算法。当噪声δ（t）∈L~2[—T.T],其误差能量为δ,而且当δ→0时,所求得的正则化解将在（- ∞,∞）内一致收敛于问题的精确解。     

关于i＝4n＋7±√6n^2n＋6n－11／10的正整数解的快速算法

本文给出了有效信号为二次多项式时，线性一步外推点与采样点关系方程正整数解的快速求解算法。     

关于(I=4n+7±√6n2+6n-11/10)的正整数解的快速算法

本文给出了有效信号为二次多项式时,线性一步外推点与采样点关系方程正整数解的快速求解算法.     

极大单调算子零点的逼近问题

设H为实Hilbert空间,C为H的非空闭凸子集,T:C→2H为极大单调算子,假设S(T)={x∈H:0∈Tx}≠Φ。 xk∈H,βk>0,求 xk及ek满足( )　　xk+ek∈ xk+βkT( xk),‖ek‖≤ηk‖xk- xk‖, k≥0,其中,ηk≥0,supk>0ηk<1,βk≥β>0。设PC:H→C为H到C上的最近点投影算子,定义xk+1=PC( xk-ek),k≥0,证明了若T满足(S)型条件,则{xk}k≥0强收敛于T的某个零点。     

Carlitz 定理的一个注记

置换多项式一直是一个热门的研究课题,事实上,研究有限域上的置换多项式相当于研究有限域上的一一映射.所以它在编码密码、组合设计、代数曲线等许多领域有重要的应用.Carlitz曾经对一些置换多项式有一个刻画,证明了如果f(x)是一个系数在F0的多项式满足f(0)=0,f(1)=l,并且对任意a,b ∈Fq有η(f(a)-f(b))=η(a-b),这里η是Fq的乘法群Fq*的二次特征,则存在某个非负整数j使得对任意χ ∈F0,有f(x)=xpj.本文给出了这个结果的推广.     

虚拟阵列平移法解相干信号ESPRIT算法

目标方位估计(DOA)的众多算法中,ESPRIT是一种运算速度快、精度高的常用算法,但它不能解相干信号.提出一种基于虚拟阵列平移方法的解相干信号的ESPRIT算法,解决了常规ESPRIT算法不能解相干的问题,和解相干的空间平滑算法相比,不损失直线阵列的孔径,使M元直线阵可估计相干信号源数目达到M个.该方法适用于所有信号(非相干和相干信号)的目标方位估计.     

定常速度场假定下零级次弹性抛物柱体内力场的逆解法分析

本文针对零级次弹性抛物柱体,在形如V~1=ηf~1(t);V~2=—ξf~1(t);V~3=0速度场的假定下,给出了相应内力场的解析表达式及形成该速度场的应力边界条件。     

基于Wigner分布的干扰项抑制及算法

Wigner分布是一种真正意义上的时频分析方法,但存在其固有缺陷即虚假时频谱(干扰项)问题.将实信号转化成所对应的解析信号,并采用Choi-Williams方法对Wigner分布进行修正,实现了对干扰项的有效抑制,获得了满意的信号时频谱.给出了用解析信号计算信号Wigner分布及Choi-Williams分布算法.通过几个典型信号(多分量信号、调频信号等)对所研制的软件进行仿真实验,结果与理论相符,表明了软件算法的正确性.     

奇型抛物问题的有限元误差估计

本文引入带权的 Sobolev 空间,讨论了奇型线性问题:(?)((?)u)/((?)t)-1/x~(?)(x~aa(x)u′)′=f(t,x) (x,t)∈1×J(?)/((?)x)u(t,0)=u(t,1)=0 t∈Ju(0,x)=φ(x) x∈I式中 I=(0,1),J=[0,T],0<α<3的有限元方法,并在适当条件下,给出了最佳估计:‖u_(?)-u‖_(0,2,a)≤ch~2{‖φ‖_(2,2,a)+[integral 0 to t (‖u‖~2_(2,2,a)+‖u_(?)‖~2_(2,2,a)dt]~(1/2)}‖u_(?)-u‖_(1,2,a)≤ch~2{‖φ‖_(2,2,a)+[integral 0 to t (‖u‖~2_(2,2,a)+‖u_(?)‖~2_(2,2,a)dt]~(1/2)}     

奇型偏微分方程的柯西问题

定解条件给在奇线上的偏微分方程的各种定解问题早已有研究^[1～4],多数作者使用了特殊函数作工具。本文用能量不等式组来解决一类奇型双曲型方程的柯西问题。 本文主要讨论如下问题解尚存在唯一性： Lu≡[(t^a/2?_t-λ₁(x,t)?_x)(t^a/2?_t-λ₂(x,t) ?_x)+a(x,t)?_t+b(x,t)?_x+c(x,t)]u(x,t)=f(x,t) (x,t)∈R×(0,T] u∣_t=0=φ(x),limt^a/2u_t=ψ(x) 这是一个二阶偏微分方程,当 α>0时,?_t²的系数当t=O 时变为零,因而这是一个初始值给在奇线上的柯西问题。我们假定： (A) α为常数,0<α<1;所涉及的都是实函数; (B) α(x,t),b(x,t),c(x,t),λ_j(x,t)(j=1,2)∈C¹([0,T],C²(R)),且上述函数的所有可能的导数都有界; (C) φ(x),ψ(x)∈C₀⁴(R)); （D）f(x,t)∈C((0,T],C₀²(R)),且sup{t^a/2(∣f∣+∣f_x∣+∣f_xx∣}＜+∞（Ⅱ） (E)存在常数δ＞0,使当（x,t)∈R×[0,T]时,有：∣λ₁(x,t)-λ₂(x,t)∣≥δ条件（Ⅱ）中关于实函数的假设不是必要的,作此假设仅为方便。本文主要得到：定理1：在（Ⅱ）的假设下,（Ⅰ）存在唯一弱解u,并 u∈C([0,T),H¹(R))∩C¹((0,T),L₂(R)).为证明该定理作了一系列准备,关键是证得引理1,引理2和引理6。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.