基于科学知识图谱的效能评估研究可视化分析

为整体把握国内效能评估研究动态,以CNKI数据库收录的核心期刊和EI源期刊上1998年-2017年发表的1 248篇文献记录为数据源,借助CiteSpace V对其进行数据可视化分析,包括研究成果时序图谱、学科分布、研究力量分布、作者合作、机构合作、关键词聚类、文献共引、突变词分析等。研究结果显示,国内效能评估研究论文产出符合普賴斯逻辑增长曲线;武器工业学科方向效能评估研究成果占论文总产出的59.45豫;《火力与指挥控制》和《系统仿真学报》为效能评估领域的核心区期刊;作者以张安、徐浩军、郭三学等为核心;机构集中于空军工程大学和西北工业大学,且作者合作和机构合作关系网络均较为松散;效能评估、作战效能等是该领域的热点关键词;突变词"云模型"、"指标体系"代表当前效能评估研究的热点和前沿。     

作战效能中文研究热点分析

运用CitespaceⅡ信息可视化图谱软件对作战效能中文研究文献数据进行分析,绘制了共引网络图谱,并依据图谱中关键节点文献的知识基础,对作战效能研究热点及趋势进行了初步探讨,得出国内作战效能研究的热点与前沿的相关结论,对作战效能的研究具有一定的参考价值。     

灰色层次分析法战术通信网抗干扰效能评估

构建了战术通信网抗干扰效能评估指标体系,运用灰色层次分析法和群组决策特征根算法对抗干扰效能进行了评估。评估结果表明,该抗干扰效能一般,需要采取相关抗干扰对策以提高其抗干扰能力。     

数据链系统效能评估框架研究

研究了数据链系统效能评估相关概念及其对作战的影响机制,给出了数据链系统效能评价指标体系以及不同层次指标的计算、聚合方法。在此基础上形成数据链系统的效能评估框架,通过该框架可以指导数据链系统的效能评估,为数据链装备的发展及应用提供科学依据。     

群车加油装备效能评估指标体系研究

构建科学的评估指标体系,是对群车加油装备效能进行评估的基础.针对群车加油装备效能影响因素进行了系统分析,提出了构建评估指标体系的原则.通过广泛的调查研究和专家咨询,借鉴国外相关研究以及国内有关油料装备的研究成果,依据建立评估指标体系的原则构建了群车加油装备效能评估指标体系,并利用可拓层次分析法求得了群车加油装备效能评估...     

"网络中心战"中的美国海军C4ISR系统效能评估

随着美国海军"网络中心战"从设想开始走向现实,对其C4ISR系统的效能进行评估并分析其对作战效能的影响,具有重要的理论和现实意义.通过分析影响C4ISR系统效能的相关因素,利用图论、信息论和复杂性理论的原理,建立了C4ISR系统效能评估方法,研究了信息、网络、作战流程等因素对作战效能的影响,并建立了数学模型;以美军航母战斗群空袭作战为例,比较了"平台中心战"和"网络中心战"两种作战方式中C4ISR系统的效能.     

复杂电磁环境下某战术通信网抗干扰效能评估

构建了复杂电磁环境下某战术通信网抗干扰效能评估的指标体系,运用灰色层次分析法和群组决策特征根算法对抗干扰效能进行了评估。评估结果表明,该网在复杂电磁环境下的抗干扰效能一般,需要采取相关抗干扰对策,以提高其复杂电磁环境下的抗干扰能力。     

防空导弹网络化体系作战效能评估指标与验证方法

在分析研究作战效能评估理论的基础上,提出了一套适应传统以平台为中心和以网络为中心的防空导弹体系作战效能评估指标,分析防空体系作战效能验证方法,给出了网络化体系作战效能仿真验证的总体设计思路和效能评估试验项目设计方案,可为网络化体系作战效能评估与验证研究提供支撑.     

网络化体系效能评估建模研究

传统基于还原论的效能评估方法无法有效处理网络化体系效能的整体性评价问题.提出了网络化体系效能评估建模的创新理念,建立了网络化体系“两级五层”效能评估建模框架,对各层次效能的建模及指标间的关联关系进行了阐释;在此基础上,以网络化作战体系对抗OODA指挥周期和OODA环鲁棒性评估为例,演示了体系各层次效能指标建模和指标间关联关系研究的具体方法和过程,从而为具体体系的效能评估研究和指标体系构建提供一定的指导.     

基于TOPSIS方法的自动目标识别作战能力评估

自动目标识别(Automatic Target Recognition,ATR)效能评估是ATR系统相关研究中的一个重要的研究方向.针对现有研究的不足方面,重点研究了ATR效能评估的概念、建立了作战能力指标体系和基于TOPSIS方法的作战能力评估模型,并对指标体系的合理性和评估方法的适用性进行了分析.研究解决了ATR效果评估所涉及的部分重要问题,具有较强的军事应用价值.     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.