电子设备的克星——电磁脉冲炸弹

北约在对南联盟的空袭中,曾威胁使用一种由美国核武器研究所研制的新型航空电磁脉冲炸弹。这种电磁脉冲炸弹对电子设备的杀伤力介于常规炸弹和核炸弹之间。目前,高能电磁脉冲产生技术的发展已相当成熟,实用的电磁脉冲炸弹已经问世。电磁脉冲炸弹将用于非核对抗中,使信息系统造成严重瘫痪,在电子战、战略性空袭和防空战中将起到决定性的作用。电磁脉冲炸弹的杀伤机理电磁脉冲炸弹爆炸时,会产生一种电磁脉冲效应。电磁脉冲效应是在许多年前进行高空核武器爆炸试验时首次观测到的,核爆炸产生出脉冲宽度极窄(几百纳秒)而又非常强烈的电磁脉冲,由中心源向外传播,强度逐渐衰减。这种高能     

军兵军事知识讲座 第十一讲——现代高技术兵器(中)

制导炸弹。投放后能对其弹道进行控制并导向目标,亦称“灵巧炸弹”。它是在普通航弹上加装制导系统而成,结构简单,造价低,效用大。如曾大量使用于海湾战争的美军“宝石路”激光制导炸弹,命中率高达85％以上。制导炸弹全天候作战能力差,而且要求飞机爬升一定的高度,载体易被对方防空火力杀伤。 制导炮弹。其用普通火炮发射,利用炮弹自身的制导装置,在弹道末段实施导引、控制。它是点状目标的“克星”,主要用于摧毁坦克、装甲车辆、舰艇等活动和硬质固定目标。制导炮弹由于在普通炮弹弹     

舰船系统级强电磁脉冲防护试验与关键技术

为了满足新型驱护舰系统级强电磁脉冲防护试验的需求,分析了舰艇的电磁脉冲效应和耦合途径,并根据防护试验的特点,提出了基于试验目标、设施设备、组织实施和加固评定的舰船系统级EMP(electromagnetic pulse)防护试验方法。探讨了以试验平台动力定位与瞬时姿态控制、天线方向图设计与模拟器海上架设、EMP效应试验摸底、验证与分析为核心的试验关键技术。仿真推演结果表明,该试验方法设计合理,经济有效,可应用于工程实践,为舰艇等大型装备系统级EMP防护试验的研究提供了一条新的思路。     

电磁脉冲弹的杀伤能力

概述了电磁脉冲弹的组成和工作原理,通过对电磁脉冲波形的分析,以及对电磁脉冲能量在空中的传播规律的研究,建立了电磁脉冲武器杀伤能力的仿真模型.在此基础上选择六种最具代表性的电子器件,并根据其破坏阈值进行仿真计算,从而得出了电磁脉冲弹在采用定向天线时对这六种电子器件的杀伤距离.根据电磁脉冲弹的杀伤能力对其进行合理运用,这对以使用电磁脉冲武器为背景的战法研究具有非常重要的现实意义.     

网络化反导条件下舰空导弹杀伤区远界建立方法

首先根据舰艇编队网络化反导作战特点,给出了网络化反导条件下舰空导弹杀伤区的独特表示方法,并建立了目标的运动模型;然后,深入研究了导弹最大飞行斜距、网络化跟踪、制导能力的计算方法,及其对杀伤区远界的影响机理;最后,给出了网络化反导条件下,杀伤区远界的解算流程.     

中小型舰艇设置轻型复合装甲的作用及爆炸破片的杀伤威力计算

简要论述了先进防弹复合材料在舰艇装甲防护中的应用 ,针对中小型舰艇设置轻型复合装甲的目的 ,进一步论证分析了舰艇轻型复合装甲的防御目标和防护部位 ,并结合典型防御目标———导弹爆炸破片的杀伤威力进行了计算分析     

核电磁脉冲对舰载C^3I系统的威胁

核电磁脉冲将在信息战中发挥巨大作用。本文阐述了核电磁脉冲的产生机理、破坏机理、破坏效应和防护方法,指出核电磁脉冲对我舰艇C^3I系统的潜在威胁。     

多种武器攻击下舰艇装备生命力的加权模糊综合评估

通过应用模糊数学理论中模糊评估法对舰艇装备系统生命力进行了模糊评判 ,建立多武器攻击下舰艇装备生命力加权模糊评估模型 ,并以某舰艇装备的主动力系统回路为例 ,运用所建立的评估模型对其生命力进行具体评估 ,结果分析表明根据加权模糊综合评判模型 ,选用合理的加权系数 ,就能把模糊性很强的装备生命力指标定量化 ,为设备系统设计方案选优提供依据。     

不确定条件下编队协同作战空中目标威胁评估

针对决策环境的不确定性,对不确定条件下舰艇编队协同作战的空中目标威胁评估过程进行了深入研究;在此基础上,根据舰艇编队协同决策的特点,综合运用风险型多属性决策理论,建立了满足不同决策层的舰艇目标威胁评估模型和编队目标威胁评估模型,从而提出了不确定条件下编队协同作战的空中目标威胁评估方法。最后,通过实例说明了所提方法的有效性。     

基于故障率的舰艇维修备品备件优化配置

针对战时武器装备对抗强度大,对维修保障率要求较高的特点,建立舰艇维修备品备件资源优化配置模型。根据不同备品备件故障率分布,建立了舰艇装备保障率计算模型和备品备件保障费用约束模型,根据作战任务特点进行了多目标决策,通过案例分析,验证了模型的可行性和有效性,对提升舰艇装备保障率、保障舰艇作战任务的执行具有重要意义。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.