基于变结构方法的空空导弹鲁棒逆控制律设计

为克服动态逆控制严重依赖被控对象精确数学模型且鲁棒性较差的缺点,将动态逆与变结构方法相结合采用双环结构设计了空空导弹鲁棒动态逆控制律.将导弹飞行状态划分成快慢2个回路,慢回路(外环)采用变结构控制,并设计扩张状态观测器,对外环中的不确定性进行估计;快回路(内环)采用动态逆控制.仿真结果表明,所设计的控制律具有较好的动态特性和鲁棒性能.     

基于DSP的SMI方法快速实现研究

空时自适应处理(STAP)权值计算有数据域和均方域两种方法,分别以QR分解和样本协方差矩阵求逆(SMI)方法为代表.QR分解方法可以映射到脉动阵上并行实现,但实现复杂且设计成本较高;SMI方法实现则相对简单,但需要对样本协方差矩阵直接求逆.首先考察了不同矩阵求逆方法的内在并行性,基于DSP支持的片内并行技术,提出并实现了SMI方法的单DSP分块并行处理,进一步给出了数值稳定性分析和改善方法,实验结果证明了方法的有效性.     

基于实时变量逆矩阵求解的非线性MIMO解耦ADRC控制方法

非线性多输入多输出(MIMO)系统的解耦控制方法在控制理论和控制工程中都具有重要意义.非线性MIMO解耦自抗扰控制(ADRC)可以有效地解决这一问题,但它需要实时求解被测信号变量或高阶矩阵的逆.逆矩阵的求解是首要问题.在非线性MIMO解耦自抗扰控制中,将逆矩阵的求解问题总结为二阶、三阶、非方阵及变量高阶矩阵几类,并逐一给出解决方法.针对被测信号为变量的高阶矩阵,提出了一种基于高斯消元法的LU矩阵分解方法,可实时求解其逆矩阵.利用一个耦合系统的例子来测试这种方法的控制效果.仿真结果表明,采用逆矩阵法解耦的自抗扰控制器信号可以使控制系统快速达到平衡点.提出一种针对变量高阶矩阵的有效求逆方法,该方法既简单又能达到实时控制的效果,同时具有坚实的数学支持,完善了非线性MIMO解耦自抗扰控制的理论和方法,使其成为一种有效的非线性MIMO解耦控制方案.     

调频连续波ISAR目标微多普勒特征分析

分析了调频连续波逆合成孔径雷达(FMCW-ISAR)的回波信号特性,讨论了脉冲持续时间内目标连续运动引起的多普勒频移对成像的影响,推导出导致一维距离像主瓣展宽和走动的相位因子,并进一步研究了该相位因子对基于调频连续波逆合成孔径雷达的目标微多普勒特征的影响,在此基础上讨论了调频连续波逆合成孔径雷达目标微多普勒特征与脉冲式逆合成孔径雷达目标微多普勒特征的主要区别.最后的仿真试验验证了理论分析的正确性.     

修正矩阵的求逆

设某方阵A的逆阵A~(-1)已经求出。当改变该方阵A中部分元素的数值时,若新的方阵(即所谓修正矩阵)M=A+△A有逆,则其逆阵M~(-1)可在A的逆阵A~(-1)的基础上求出。当A的某个子矩阵改变时,可通过计算低阶方阵的逆阵来求出M~(-1)。当A中某些分散元素的数值改变时,可通过计算低阶行列式的值来求出M~(-1)。本文分别导出了上述两种情况计算修正矩阵逆阵的公式,并附有典型算例以说明公式的应用。     

基于TOA差值矩阵的雷达脉冲序列PRI识别方法

针对雷达脉冲序列的主要特点,利用TOA(脉冲到达时间)差值矩阵探索PRI(脉冲重复间隔)的识别问题.设计了一种新方法,首先由TOA序列求出TOA差值矩阵,再求出TOA差值矩阵的逆矩阵,分析TOA差值矩阵逆矩阵的特殊结构,得到PRI的识别结果.通过研究重频固定、脉冲丢失和重频参差三种情况下的PRI识别问题,说明了该方法用于雷达脉冲序列PRI识别的可行性.     

弹上信息处理器闭环模飞系统的研制

弹上信息处理器是导弹电子系统的关键部件,为满足弹上信息处理器研制过程中的闭环实时模飞需求,基于Vxworks实时操作系统技术,实现了基于PCI总线仪器的实时闭环模飞系统.为有效地提高仪器的集成度,仪器模块采用FPGA作为主控制器,基于可编程片上系统(SOPC)技术,实现了带有DMA控制器的PCI接口、HDLC串行通讯协议以及对输入输出开关量的控制.应用结果表明:该设计实现了高效灵活的闭环实时模飞系统,能满足弹上信息处理器不同研制阶段的测试需求,便于更新和扩展.     

舰船目标逆合成孔径成像算法改进研究

针对舰船类目标运动情况比较复杂,进行逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)成像时运动补偿比较困难的特点,将改进的自适应联合时频算法(AJTF)与强点处理(PPP)模型结合,通过遗传算法的全局搜索实现运动补偿,提高了运动补偿算法的快速性和精确性,为实现实时成像奠定了基础.试验数据的处理结果表明,算法可以有效地完成相位的补偿,提高ISAR成像质量.     

关于算子方程Tx=y扰动分析的一些结果

在Banach空间中给出了一种相容算子方程解的误差估计 ,推广了矩阵扰动分析中的相应结果 .此外 ,利用Hilbert空间中算子M -P广义逆与算子的约化极小模之间的关系 ,给出了一些估计式 ,这些估计式对于分析不相容算子方程Tx =y的极小范数最小二乘解的扰动误差是有用的     

盲信道均衡的动量恒模算法

介绍了盲信道均衡恒模算法(CMA)的基本原理,对恒模算法的缺点进行了分析,通过修正恒模算法的迭代公式提出一种动量恒模算法(MCMA)。利用QPSK信号,采用计算机仿真的方法对动量恒模算法与恒模算法进行盲均衡性能比较,模拟结果显示,MCMA算法比CMA算法在收敛速率、降低稳态均方误差和符号间干扰具有明显的优势,有效地改进了信道均衡性能。     

On minimum walks in graphs

In this paper homomorphisms are used to define four new parameters of a graph, which have to do with minimum walks in graphs satisfying certain conditions. Several bounds and exact equations are obtained for two of these parameters; a third parameter is seen to be closely related to the Traveling Salesman Problem and the question of whether a given graph is Hamiltonian.     

基于公共燃气排导结构的共架发射系统武器选择与布局方法

公共燃气排导结构和同心筒结构的共架发射系统由于燃气排导机理不同,其对武器发射的影响及在武器选择、布局等方面均存在较大差异.针对公共燃气排导结构的共架发射系统分析了公共燃气排导对武器发射的影响,提出了武器选择与布局方法,通过算例进行了验证并得出结论:公共燃气排导结构的共架发射系统武器布局上应采取分散布局,武器选择上应优先选择“无发射活动、对应武器数量较多、烧蚀值较小”的模块,且按照模块编号依次交替在不同模块进行武器发射.     

直接藕合多种语言编程模块的MTS的设计与实现

以通用菜单工具作为应用软件系统的用户界面、多种语言编程模块的藕合接口已成为一种趋势。本文提出一种可在操作系统和foxBASE环境下组合(或嵌入)运行的、支持DBMS授权扩充机制、实现多种语言混合编程模块直接藕合的通用菜单工具(MTS)。同时,又对MTS中的菜单对象、授权,菜单文件的数据结构、菜单驱动(维护)模块设计和基于批处理文件的模块藕合方法进行了讨论。     

Impact of tax reduction policies on consumer purchase of new automobiles: An analytical investigation with real data‐based experiments

We investigate and compare the impact of the tax reduction policies implemented in the United States and China to stimulate consumer purchase of new automobiles and improve manufacturers' profits. The U.S. policy provides each qualifying consumer with a federal income tax deduction on state and local sales and excise taxes paid on the purchase price (up to a cutoff level), whereas the Chinese policy reduces the vehicle sales tax rate for consumers. We observe that these policy designs are consistent with the tax management system and the economic environment in the respective country. We analytically determine the effects of the two tax reduction policies on the automobile sales and the manufacturer's and the retailer's profits. Numerical examples are then used to provide insights on the importance of certain factors that influence the effects of the two policies. Finally, a numerical experiment with sensitivity analysis based on real data is conducted to compare the merits and characteristics of the two policies under comparable conditions. We find that the U.S. policy is better than the Chinese policy in stimulating the sales of high‐end automobiles, whereas the Chinese policy is better than the U.S. policy in improving the sales of low‐end automobiles. The U.S. policy is slightly more effective in increasing the profitability of the automobile supply chain; but, in general, the Chinese policy is more cost effective. The methodology developed herein can be used to evaluate other tax reduction policies such as those related to the purchase of energy‐saving vehicles and to serve as a decision model to guide the choice of alternative tax reduction policies. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 61: 577–598, 2014     

关于构建模块化军事素质培养体系的思考

模块化军事素质培养体系的核心和特色是既相对独立又密切联系的6个“模块”;这6个“模块”分别在人才培养的不同阶段实施,达到阶段教育目的,并有机地整合成为一个整体,使人才达到最终的培养目标。     

Search techniques for a nonlinear multiprocessor scheduling problem

The problem of assigning computer program modules to functionally similar processors in a distributed computer network is investigated. The modules of a program must be assigned among processors in such a way as to minimize interprocessor communication while taking advantage of affinities of certain modules to particular processors. This problem is formulated as a zero-one quadratic programming problem, but is more conveniently modeled as a directed acyclic search graph. The model is developed and a backward shortest path labeling algorithm is given that produces an assignment of program modules to processors. A non-backtracking branch-and-bound algorithm is described that uses a local neighborhood search at each stage of the search graph.     

Research communication security in the 90s: A view from the UK

This paper develops a methodology for measuring the capital value of military assets in monetary terms. We distinguish between two military capital measures. One measure, called the value of military capital (services) summarizes the value of military defense assets during a particular year. A comparison of the capital‐services value of U.S. and Soviet tactical combat aircraft is provided for the period 1970–1984.

One feature of the capital‐services measure that makes it particularly interesting is that its size can be compared with such military expenditures as operating and support. While these latter expenditures reflect the readiness of a defense establishment, the relevant capital‐services measure reflects force structure and modernization.

A second measure, called the value of military capital (wealth), summarizes the military benefits obtained from defense assets over the remainder of their service lives. This measure depreciates the capital as it ages, and is useful for comparing military wealth with other types of wealth in the economy. We provide this measure for the U.S. military capital stock for 1925–1984.     

Tripwires and free-riders: Do forward-deployed U.S. troops reduce the willingness of host-country citizens to fight for their country?

This article investigates the relationship between U.S. overseas troops and the willingness of the citizens of host states to fight for their country. The study joins the long-running debate about burden-sharing and free-riding among U.S. allies. Unlike most previous empirical studies, we focus on non-material or intangible measures of the underlying concepts. Our dependent variable estimates the proportion of citizens expressing a willingness to fight for their country. Scores at the aggregate-national as well as the individual level are shaped by the presence of U.S. military forces, which act as a “tripwire” signaling credible security commitments. This increases opportunities of (non-material) free-riding. We present both bivariate and multivariate analyses covering the period 1981–2014 to test this supposition. Findings indicate that once U.S. troop levels reach a certain threshold (between 100 and 500 troops), citizens’ willingness to fight drops significantly. This likely reflects non-material free-riding.     

Allocation of resources of modular sizes with an application to Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation

We consider a resource allocation problem, where resources of different capacities must satisfy multiple demands. The demand sizes and the resource capacities are limited to sizes that are power‐of‐two integers (i.e., 1, 2, 4, 8, …). The cost of the resources exhibit economies‐of‐scale savings, i.e., the cost per capacity unit is smaller for resources with larger capacity. The problem is to select the minimum‐cost set of resources that satisfies the demands, while each of the demands must be assigned to a single resource and the number of selected resources does not exceed a specified upper bound. We present algorithms that take advantage of the special structure of the problem and provide optimal solutions in a negligible computing effort. This problem is important for the allocation of blocks of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses, referred to as subnets. In typical IP networks, subnets are allocated at a large number of nodes. An effective allocation attempts to balance the volume of excess addresses that are not used versus fragmentation of addresses at nodes to too many subnets with a discontinuous range of addresses. Due to the efficiency of the algorithms, they can readily be used as valuable modules in IP address management systems. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.     

作战指挥系统软件动态定义和动态重组设计

对作战指挥系统软件的功能模块进行分析,引入软件构件开发的思想,采用COM/DCOM构件技术,在现有软件系统中增加远程管理构件,通过客户端程序对远程服务器管理构件的访问,动态管理远程机器上运行的作战指挥系统软件功能模块,使得作战指挥系统软件的各个功能模块能够稳定运行,使分布式作战指挥系统软件具有动态定义、动态重组、动态管理等功能,大大提高了作战指挥系统软件的可靠性和可交互性,使作战指挥系统软件达到了互连、互通、互操作性的目的.