改进的导弹半实物仿真跟踪微分器设计

为了抑制三轴转台输出信号存在相位延迟和噪声对导弹半实物仿真系统性能的影响,研究并设计了一种改进的跟踪微分器进行相位补偿和滤波。基于传统跟踪微分器的工作原理,设计三轴转台输出信号跟踪的基本结构,分析其在输入信号存在噪声时,由于经过传统的跟踪微分器获取微分信号使得噪声强度放大,致使跟踪信号存在振荡的现象。在此基础上,提出一种将微分跟踪器产生的微分信号再串联一个跟踪微分器的相位超前补偿器设计方法,以滤除由于输入信号噪声引起的信号污染,进而消除输出信号的振荡问题。以某导弹半实物仿真系统三轴转台输出信号存在相位延迟和噪声的现象为算例,通过与超前校正方法对比研究,进行了系统仿真验证。仿真结果表明,改进相位超前补偿器能有效地提取姿态角速度信号,具有良好的滤波和相位超前补偿性能,进而证明了其在导弹半实物仿真试验应用的正确性和有效性。     

星上高功率放大器对导航信号载波跟踪性能的影响分析

由于滤波器带宽的限制和高功率放大器(HPA)的非线性效应,使恒包络导航信号产生失真,这将引起导航信号载波跟踪时锁相环(PLL)跟踪性能的恶化。针对这个问题,建立了星上高功率放大器非线性失真的一般模型,并推导了HPA的非线性效应引起PLL跟踪抖动的表达式,然后仿真分析了不同信号体制、不同滤波器带宽和不同功率放大器模型下的PLL跟踪抖动性能。     

选频网络的群时延持性分析

基于实现无失真传输的条件,分析了信号传输过程中,选频网络群时延特性,阐述了群时延非线性引起相位失真的原因,以及对图像信号和数字信号传递的影响,介绍了一种用相位补偿电路,减少群时延非线性引起相位失真的方法。     

基于升余弦滤波的基带预失真环路延迟补偿

传统的基带预失真环路延迟估计和补偿方法估计过程复杂,收敛速度慢,补偿信号存在混迭失真,影响预失真系统的性能。为此,提出了一种新的基带预失真器环路延迟估计和补偿方法,该方法采用黄金分割法完成环路延迟搜索,用升余弦滤波器完成环路延迟补偿。其环路延迟估计搜索速度快,准确度高,环路延迟补偿后信号失真小,应用该方法的基带预失真系统NMSE指标较传统方法优化17 dB。     

突发扩频信号码相位精确估计的卡尔曼滤波方法

文章首先分析了延迟锁定环在突发模式下码相位测量精度低的问题,然后建立了用于扩频信号伪码相位估计的卡尔曼滤波模型,并分析了该卡尔曼滤波器最优运行和提高测量精度的条件,提出用宽带延迟锁定环引导卡尔曼滤波的方法对突发扩频信号的码相位进行精确估计。通过仿真对比了在突发扩频信号下该方法与单独使用延迟锁定环的性能情况。     

利用曲线拟合方法分析暂态振荡信号

提出了一种利用曲线拟含定量分析暂态振荡信号的方法.该方法给出的暂态振荡信号模型能够反映振荡的幅度和频率随时间变化的规律.提出了利用曲线拟合方法确定该摸型的具体参数的步骤:首先利用三次样条插值求出信号的上包络曲线,对其采用指数衰减信号模型来进行拟合以描述信号振荡幅度的变化参数;然后得到信号频率变化部分的正弦形式,利用 Hilbert 变换提取出正弦部分的相位,并采用幂指数信号模型进行拟合以描述信号振荡频率的变化参数.与以往分析暂态振荡信号的方法相比,该方法可对信号进行定量分析.仿真和试验结果表明,采用曲线拟合方法确定模型参数,实现过程简单,均方根误差小;对实际信号的分析则表明所提出的模型能够真实地反映出实际暂态振荡信号的变化规律.     

直列式内燃机往复惯性力对瞬时转速影响的仿真研究

提出了两种由直列式内燃机往复惯性力计算转速波动的仿真模型 ,对不同气缸间惯性力的相位耦合进行了仿真分析 ,证明缸数对转速波动的幅度和频率均有着很大的影响 ;利用希尔伯特变换对转速波动信号进行时频分析 ,证明了多缸机转速波动波形为调频余弦曲线     

一种无需滤波的D类音频功率放大器

传统的D类音频功率放大器都需要外接LC滤波器,从而增加了成本加大了失真。针对高效率、低失真的要求,设计了一种采用求和积分负反馈技术和H桥输出结构代替滤波器功能的电路结构。电路采用CSMC公司的0.6μm BCD工艺模型,基于Cadence仿真平台对电路进行了前仿真,仿真结果表明:在15 V电源电压,输出功率为6 W,8Ω负载下芯片效率高达85%,输出音频信号失真小于0.1%。     

数字式鉴相器的相位失真分析

数字式鉴相器的相位失真是导致产生寄生信号和额外相位噪声并使锁相环路不稳定的主要因素之一。锁相环路是通讯设备、测试仪器和雷达中的一个关键部件,因此,减少鉴相器相位失真,对于系统设计是很重要的。利用差分电路,可以有效地减小鉴相器相位失真的影响。     

高阶BOC信号电离层色散效应的模拟算法*

导航信号模拟器需要模拟电离层引起的信号延时和色散效应,对于传统BPSK信号,模拟器基于单频假设,通过直接调整码相位和载波相位之间的相对关系来模拟电离层的影响。新一代卫星导航信号广泛采用的BOC (Binary Offset Carrier)调制信号具有更宽的带宽,作单频假设会引入不可忽略的电离层延迟建模误差。论文提出了基于双边带模型的高阶BOC信号高精度模拟方法,并仿真验证了算法的正确性。该方法可应用于导航信号模拟器实现BOC信号电离层色散效应的模拟。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.