基于FPGA的脉冲发生器的设计

以脉冲发生器为研究对象 ,介绍了脉冲发生器的基本原理、硬件构成和实现方法 ,阐述了一种基于DSP -FPGA数字系统的PWM控制脉冲生成方法 ,并给出了仿真及实测实验结果。     

多相逆变器载波型PWM与SVPWM的联系与应用

针对常规多相空间矢量PWM(SVPWM)实现复杂、需要大量计算的问题,研究了一种与其等效的简化PWM实现方法,提高了其实用性。首先,以5相逆变器为例,通过数学推导方法分析了多相逆变器基于谐波注入载波型PWM控制方法和直接数字式SVPWM控制方法之间的联系,分析结果表明:目标输出线电压为正弦波的多相逆变器SVPWM在本质上都与注入某种谐波的载波型PWM相同,二者在目标输出波形及特性上具有等价关系;然后,分析得到了几种不同多相SVPWM控制方式所对应的载波波形,并利用该关系和波形实现了与SVPWM等效的多相SVPWM控制方法。该方法在大大简化控制结构的基础上保持了SVPWM的良好控制性能,仿真和实验验证了所提出方法的有效性。     

基于FPGA的雷达脉冲压缩处理器设计

FPGA和DSP技术在数字脉冲压缩系统中已得到广泛应用,但采用DSP芯片运算量大,设备复杂,成本高.提出了一种基于FPGA的适用于中小压缩比情况的数字脉冲压缩处理器的设计方案,能够实现M序列码和线性调频等多种信号的脉冲压缩,仿真结果表明,该处理器具有使用灵活、便于功能扩展和成本低的特点.     

一种载波同步锁相接收机的设计

研究实现了一种P波段载波同步锁相接收机,该接收机可以完成对间断照射雷达信号的快速截获,得到与脉冲雷达信号相参的高稳定低相噪的本振信号,为实现雷达相参系统提供了有效的方法.简要介绍了载波提取电路的工作原理,并分析给出了锁相接收机环路参数的计算公式.最后,以P波段某一频点为例,通过电路仿真软件ADS对该系统的锁定时间进行了仿真,仿真结果与实测结果相差不大,有效验证了系统的正确性.     

光纤激光水听器的PGC实时全数字解调系统

概述了基于麦克尔逊干涉仪的光纤激光水听器的相位载波零差法(PGC)调制解调原理,通过数学推导及仿真,分析了调制信号和混频信号的频差是导致全数字化解调结果错误的主要因素之一。针对该诱导因素提供了可行的解决方案,并实现了基于DSP的1 MHz采样频率下使用PGC方法的全数字实时解调系统。对低频水声波段800Hz水声信号进行解调,实验结果表明:解调信号波形良好。     

对PD雷达的多相位分段调制干扰方法研究

针对采用移频干扰对脉冲多普勒(PD)雷达实施干扰时容易被敌方识别的缺点,提出一种多相位分段调制干扰方法。对多相位分段调制的基本原理进行说明,建立数学模型推导干扰信号的表达式,以应用LFM信号的PD雷达为平台,对干扰信号的幅相特性和脉冲压缩结果进行推导,分析了信号分路数、调制相位数量以及相位调制值3个干扰参数对遮盖效果的影响。最后通过仿真对比验证说明,与移频干扰相比,该方法能够形成灵活可靠的多样化干扰效果。     

基于SHEPWM的六相感应电动机谐波抑制

针对双Y移30°绕组结构的六相感应电动机中存在的主要脉动转矩,基于特定谐波(SHE)的PWM技术,提出了一种新的脉动转矩谐波抑制方法。首先,对双Y移30°绕组与更高级的4Y移15°绕组的矢量谐波进行比较;然后,将所得差矢量的谐波进行等效变换;最后,获得控制开关的PWM波形。仿真结果表明:该方法能有选择地降低11、13次谐波电流,从而在尽可能低的开关频率下,对12倍基频的脉动转矩进行有效的抑制。     

大容量箔绕式中频变压器散热气道设计方法

针对传统电力变压器风冷散热设计方法难以满足大容量中频变压器散热需求的问题,首先基于中压大容量DC/DC变流器拓扑及其移相控制PWM方式,讨论了非正弦供电中频变压器的铜耗、铁耗计算方法;然后,基于损耗平均分布的原则提出非正弦供电大容量中频箔绕式变压器散热气道设计方法,进行散热风道的精细设计,实现了变压器各发热体的良好散热,并进行了有限元仿真及温升试验。试验结果表明:绕组气道平均风速达到12.6m/s,绕组温升49K(温升限值85K),验证了该散热气道设计方法的有效性。     

基于DSP+FPGA的PMSM控制系统仿真平台的设计与实现

为构建永磁同步电机(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,PMSM)控制系统模拟平台,把系统中不同仿真步长的模型有机结合为一个整体,提出了基于DSP+FPGA构建完整控制系统的设计方案。在数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor,DSP)中建立PMSM模型并实现控制算法,在现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)中构建逆变器模型,通过FPGA和DSP之间的通信实现系统闭环控制。完成了控制系统硬件和软件的设计,采用空间矢量脉宽调制(Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation,SVPWM)控制算法对该平台进行验证。试验结果表明:电机模型和逆变器模型运行准确,电压、电流、转速、转矩等关键指标满足性能要求。     

L波段预警雷达干扰系统研究

介绍了一种雷达干扰系统的设计方法.该干扰系统以线性调频(LFM)脉冲预警雷达为主要研究对象,以新一代小型雷达欺骗干扰机为应用背景.通过分析雷达目标回波信号形式和假目标参数的设定依据,结合以FPGA实现DDS(Direct Digital Synthesize)的方法在调幅调相方面的优势,利用高性能DSP(Digital Signal Processor)和FPGA,提出了一种基于DDS技术的线性调频脉冲雷达干扰系统设计方案.该系统能够产生多个假目标回波信号,干扰雷达系统的正常检测判断,具有十分重要的实用价值.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

SIM—LISP:一个通信网络管理专家系统外壳的设计与实现

本文介绍了笔者为开发名为OONMES的网络管理专家系统所实现的一个简单专家系统工具SIM-LISP。SIM-LISP是一个用C/C++语言来实现的模拟LISP语言的可调用函数集,它短小精巧,速度快,可以完成针对网管专家系统的事实或规则知识的表示、匹配、合一和推理等基本操作,并有与知识对象的连接功能,是网管专家系统内核实现的支撑环境。     

Al Qaida on the US invasion of Afghanistan in their own words

This article consists of selected translations from captured interviews and dairies of Al Qaida members. The time period covered is from mid-2001 to early 2002 and concerns their operations in Afghanistan. The material clearly conveys a range of emotion, from confident to despondent, as well as efforts to contest the US actions. The first several pages give the reader context and some possible “lessons learned,” but the story(ies) are best told by the Al Qaida members themselves. All names are pseudonyms.     

Does Intent equal Capability? Al-Qaeda and Weapons of Mass Destruction

The prospect of terrorists deploying weapons of mass destruction (WMD) is often referred to as the foremost danger to American national security. This danger has become more realistic because of al-Qaeda's expanding global network and the expressed willingness to kill thousands of civilians. In the past four years, numerous media reports have documented the group's ongoing quest for WMD capabilities; many reports have detailed al-Qaeda members’ attempts to manufacture or obtain certain chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) agents to use in WMD against targets in the West and the Middle East. Yet the question remains: Does al-Qaeda's current WMD capability match its actual intent? While most studies of the group have focused on its explicit desire for WMD, allegations of CBRN acquisition, and the killing potential of specific CBRN agents, few open-source studies have closely examined the evolution of al-Qaeda's consideration of WMD and, most notably, the merit of actual CBRN production instructions as depicted and disseminated in the group's own literature and manuals. The following report will examine the history of al-Qaeda's interest in CBRN agents, the evolution of the network's attitude toward these weapons, and the internal debate within the organization concerning acquisition and use of WMD. More so, the following research will assess the validity of actual CBRN production instructions and capabilities as displayed and disseminated in al-Qaeda's own literature and websites.     

Late Medieval Lance Use: Mounted Combat and Martial Arts in Western Europe from the 14th to the 16th Century

Despite the lance’s status and the amount of attention the couched lance has received in historiography, study of its martial art has been neglected. The various lance types and techniques used by western European cavalry have only recently begun to receive scholarly attention. Additionally, Medieval European lance use has too often been studied in isolation, without an adequate understanding of the idiosyncratic and asymmetrical dynamics of mounted combat. Although the charge with the couched lance was a valid tactic, it was only one of many. Light and heavy lances were used in one hand or two to trip, block, unhorse, and wrestle. These techniques were governed by the harsh laws of distance, speed, impact, iron, and asymmetry. By utilizing the surviving Fechtbücher and several Peninsular and Near Eastern sources, a brief foray into the diverse techniques of lance use and their purposes has been attempted here.     

A model for geographically distributed combat interactions of swarming naval and air forces

This article describes the Distributed Interaction Campaign Model (DICM), an exploratory campaign analysis tool and asset allocation decision‐aid for managing geographically distributed and swarming naval and air forces. The model is capable of fast operation, while accounting for uncertainty in an opponent's plan. It is intended for use by commanders and analysts who have limited time for model runs, or a finite budget. The model is purpose‐built for the Pentagon's Office of Net Assessment, and supports analysis of the following questions: What happens when swarms of geographically distributed naval and air forces engage each other and what are the key elements of the opponents’ force to attack? Are there changes to force structure that make a force more effective, and what impacts will disruptions in enemy command and control and wide‐area surveillance have? Which insights are to be gained by fast exploratory mathematical/computational campaign analysis to augment and replace expensive and time‐consuming simulations? An illustrative example of model use is described in a simple test scenario. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 562–576, 2016     

Thomas Firth and Sons – Steelmakers to the Arms Industries. Part 2: Heavy Armaments

Firth’s were the first of the Sheffield steel makers to enter the field armaments. Their involvement with Colt has been outlined in an article in the journal of the Colt Collectors Association in America and their activities as steelmakers to the small-arms industries has been covered in a previous issue of this Journal. This article gives a brief overview of their involvement as manufacturers in the field of heavy armaments, being the first to make all-steel guns and their evolving role in the use of steel for ordnance, culminating in the displacement of wrought iron by the adoption of steel for ordnance manufacture by the Royal Gun Factory in the 1880s. It also highlights their development of stainless steel in this context.     

Information Is Not a Weapons System

ABSTRACT

While many militaries have tried to capitalize on the potential of information operations in internal war, few have succeeded. I argue that military information campaigns fall short of expectations for two reasons. First, the theory of influence militaries generally embrace – communications as a non-lethal weapons system – is largely invalid. While treating information as a weapons system makes it easier to integrate it into the existing military planning system, this overstates the independent effects of communications on behavior and understates the importance of interactive effects of what commercial marketing theory refers to as the “marketing mix” – product, price, promotion, and placement. It would be more appropriate to treat military information operations as a form of marketing: a composite effort to induce a specific behavior in a target audience by applying a combination of material and ideational instruments. The marketing model suggests that the efficacy of information operations will depend not simply on the message and its delivery (promotion) but on the behavior the sender seeks to induce (the product), the costs of that behavior (the price), and the opportunities available for such behavior (the placement).