基于“脱靶管”原理的防空导弹脱靶量估算方法北大核心

针对防空导弹试验鉴定中非精确测量条件下脱靶量获取的实际问题,提出了一种基于“脱靶管”原理的脱靶量估算方法。并针对光学测量和多普勒频率信号测量2种数据源,给出具体算法和算例,算例的结果表明基于“脱靶管”原理的脱靶量计算方法,可在非精确测量条件下,得到较高精度的脱靶量的值,是光学测量数据估算脱靶量的有效手段。同时基于“脱靶管”原理的脱靶量估算方法具有明显优势,能够较好地解决弹目相对速度未知情况的脱靶量估算问题。该方法具有算法简便快捷、计算精度高、工程实用性好等特点。     

匀速直线运动目标脱靶量测量方法

研究了匀速直线运动目标的脱靶量测量问题。文中首先给出了脱靶量测量的数学模型 ,将匀速直线运动目标的脱靶量测量表示为交会过程中目标径向距离时间序列的非线性拟合问题 ,并讨论了其求解的最优化算法。仿真结果表明 ,这种基于径向距离时间序列的目标脱靶量测量方法是简洁有效的     

一种基于零效脱靶量的末制导律

在非线性θ-D滤波算法的基础上,将零效脱靶量直接引入到末制导律设计中。推导了利用弹目相对运动参数计算零效脱靶量的公式和利用零效脱靶量计算轨控发动机开机时间的公式,设计了零效脱靶量的数据处理方法,定义了零效脱靶量数据处理中的相关概念,设计了一种基于零效脱靶量的末制导律。经过仿真验证,该算法在精度水平略优于基于视线角速率的比例导引律,且燃料消耗水平明显优于后者,具有一定的工程实用价值。     

舰空导弹脱靶量测量方法研究

针对舰空导弹脱靶量测量方法在导弹试验中不能满足要求的现状,在介绍了目前舰空导弹脱靶量测量技术现状及存在缺陷的基础上,重点提出了基于全球定位原理和技术实现的舰空导弹脱靶量测量的新方法.应用此方法,不仅可以实现全天候、高精度、机动化的舰空导弹脱靶量测量,而且精度可达亚米级.     

基于虚拟脱靶量预测的准闭环校射方法

针对传统高炮大闭环校射脱靶量不易检测、可校射时间短暂,提出了一种基于虚拟脱靶量预测的准闭环校射方法。首先给出了弹丸双站角度测量的初始状态估计算法;其次,结合外弹道理论建立了一种虚拟等距脱靶量的预测模型,分析了射击校正量的估计方法与准闭环校射方案的实现流程。该方法避免了大闭环校射对脱靶量的直接检测,并提高了高炮闭环校射的时效性。     

毫米波相控阵雷达弹丸脱靶量测量精度分析

论证了脱靶量测量误差在闭环校正中的地位和作用,定量分析了雷达测距误差、测角误差、检测波门的设置和目标、弹丸运动的速度、方向等因素对脱靶量测量误差的影响,估算了现有条件下脱靶量的测量精度。     

指令制导导弹系统的脱靶量分析

本文阐述了一种估算采用综合比例导引律的指令制导导弹系统最小脱靶量的理论分析方法,揭示了系统参数值对系统性能的影响是拦截距离的函数。并运用伴随理论建立了关于统计脱靶量的解析方法,推导了可实现最小统计脱靶量的系统最优时间常数。可使设计者在各种系统参数、约束条件及拦截条件下将脱靶量降至最小。     

基于Bayes估计的高炮虚拟校射理论

给出了脱靶量的定义,建立了小口径高炮虚拟校射脱靶量的一维数学模型,分析了脱耙量的统计性质,在此基础上运用贝叶斯估计理论,推导出校正量的最优估计量方程,并进行了相应分析.脱靶量可以作为一种离散的随机序列,任何一种特定的脱靶量序列均可表示为某种蜕化的广义马尔柯夫序列;脱靶量状态的最优估计问题是:基于观测输出{x(k);k=0,1,2,…}先验信息求取状态X(k)的最优滤波估计^X(k/k),使估计误差的方差最小,从而大大提高小高炮的射击精度.     

系统延迟对脱靶量的影响研究

Paul Zarchan在研究一类由二项式传递函数描述的制导律的脱靶量时,提出了一个命题,即这一类制导律的脱靶量随制导时间的变化曲线可由时间常数为1时的那条脱靶量曲线经过时间轴的比例变换得到。证明了这一命题,并将它扩展到系统中存在纯延迟的情况,得到的结果可以很方便地用于研究系统延迟对脱靶量的影响。     

同测试平台脱靶量测试方法研究

经纬仪弹道坐标测量试验中,传统的同帧画幅脱靶量测试方法,可以消除系统误差,具有较高测试精度,但当脱靶量判据标准对目标的判读位置既有红外谱段又有可见光谱段时,同帧画幅方法具有局限性。对此,提出采用具有多传感器的光学经纬仪进行同测试平台脱靶量测试,通过误差分析和实际实验验证,验证了方法的可行性,为解决多谱段判读位置脱靶量测试问题提供理论的参考和方法的借鉴。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

SIM—LISP:一个通信网络管理专家系统外壳的设计与实现

本文介绍了笔者为开发名为OONMES的网络管理专家系统所实现的一个简单专家系统工具SIM-LISP。SIM-LISP是一个用C/C++语言来实现的模拟LISP语言的可调用函数集,它短小精巧,速度快,可以完成针对网管专家系统的事实或规则知识的表示、匹配、合一和推理等基本操作,并有与知识对象的连接功能,是网管专家系统内核实现的支撑环境。     

Al Qaida on the US invasion of Afghanistan in their own words

This article consists of selected translations from captured interviews and dairies of Al Qaida members. The time period covered is from mid-2001 to early 2002 and concerns their operations in Afghanistan. The material clearly conveys a range of emotion, from confident to despondent, as well as efforts to contest the US actions. The first several pages give the reader context and some possible “lessons learned,” but the story(ies) are best told by the Al Qaida members themselves. All names are pseudonyms.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.