一种不用A/D的数字式落高自动测控系统

通过对现有多卜勒探测体制的模拟电路式落高控制方法及应用A/D的单片机落高测控方法的分析,提出一种不用A/D的单片机落高测控方法,该方法利用多普勒脉宽提取落高信息,以比较器替代常用的A/D转换器。设计了相应的硬件电路和应用软件。通过了仿真试验的验证。     

高精度CFD程序的内外子区域划分异构并行算法

对计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD)程序CNS提出一种Offload模式下对任务内外子区域划分的异构并行算法,结合结构化网格下有限差分计算和四阶龙格-库塔方法的特点,引入ghost网格点区域,设计了一种ghost区域收缩计算策略,显著降低了异构计算资源之间的数据传输开销,负载均衡时CPU端的计算与MPI通信完全和加速器端的计算重叠,提高了异构协同并行性。推导了保证计算正确性的ghost区域的参数,分析了负载均衡的条件。在"CPU(Intel Haswell Xeon E5-2670 12 cores×2)+加速器(Xeon Phi 7120A×2)"的服务器上测得该算法较直接将任务子块整体迁至加速器端计算的异构算法性能平均提升至5.9倍,较MPI/OpenMP两级并行算法使用24个纯CPU核的性能,该算法使用单加速器时加速至1.27倍,使用双加速器加速至1.45倍。讨论和分析了性能瓶颈与存在的问题。     

多巡飞弹侦察/打击/评估一体协同方案设计

针对巡飞弹侦察/打击/评估作战模式,提出了一种基于预设航迹点的巡飞弹多任务协同策略。在分析作战任务模式的基础上,建立了基于时间协同的约束模型;针对不规则侦察区域,设计了区域侦察覆盖的飞行航迹,考虑威胁和障碍,采用改进的A*算法对巡飞弹的任务航迹进行了规划;以双弹协同实现"即打即评估"的协同任务模式为例,仿真计算和分析了协同策略的可行性,为未来网络化巡飞弹协同作战应用提供技术支撑。     

用于A/D转换的多级神经网络

本文介绍多级神经元并说明它在神经网络多级A/D转换器中的应用。用改进的Lee和Sheu方法定义了适用于多级神经网络的能量函数,由此消除了A/D转换的局部最小值问题。在允许我们在神经元输出和阈值设定中考虑两个以上离散级的意义上,能量函数是其他类似函数的扩展。我们还介绍如何构造和实现多级非线性,并介绍利用BiCMOS技术实现A/D转换多级神经网络的一种方法。用计算机仿真说明这种设计是如何运作的。并介绍用于多级A/D转换的各个VLSI芯片部件的测量值,以说明每个部件是如何工作的。     

面向典型任务的有人/无人机协同效能评估

有人/无人机协同作战是C4ISR体系下的一种重要形式。本文以有人/无人机协同执行典型任务为研究背景,针对构建可靠、全面的有人/无人机协同效能理论评估方法的问题展开深入研究。首先分析了未来有人/无人机的协同模式和运用规则;然后采用协同系统综合指数模型,在单机能力模型的基础上,提出了一种有人/无人机编队协同效能评估方法;最后基于Xsim仿真系统平台在典型任务下,通过针对确定机型的多种编队组合仿真推演,将协同效能仿真结果与理论计算结果进行分析对比,协同效能排序的一致性验证了该理论评估方法具有一定的可靠性与可用性。可以预见,未来战争有人/无人机的协同作战将被广泛应用。     

简易方便的陀螺漂移微机测试系统

本文介绍了一种采用微计算机的简易方便的陀螺漂移测试系统。它利用低成本高分辨率的A/D转换装置完成陀螺漂移及温度的测量。本系统能实时地对陀螺漂移进行计算、分析、显示和记录,并对陀螺温度实施精确的控制。     

带先入先出缓冲区的A/D和D/A转换与TMS32010接口的实现

本文为了MS32010芯片*在语音信号处理方面的一种应用,设计了一种具有128个数据字先入先出存贮功能的线性12位A/D和D/A接口。     

基于内外子区域划分的高阶精度CFD程序异构并行算法

对计算流体力学(CFD)程序CNS提出一种Offload模式下基于内外子区域划分的异构并行算法，结合结构化网格下有限差分计算和四阶龙格库塔方法的特点，引入ghost网格点区域，设计了一种ghost区域收缩计算策略，显著降低了异构计算资源之间的数据传输开销，负载均衡时CPU端的计算与MPI通信完全和加速器端的计算重叠，提高了异构协同并行性。推导了保证计算正确性的ghost区域的参数，分析了负载均衡的条件。在“CPU(Intel Haswell Xeon E5-2670 12 cores ×2)＋加速器(Xeon Phi 7120A ×2)”的服务器上测得该算法较直接将任务子块整体迁至加速器端计算的异构算法性能平均提升5.9倍，较MPI/OpenMP两级并行算法使用24个纯CPU核的性能，该算法使用单加速器时加速1.27倍，使用双加速器加速1.45倍。讨论和分析了性能瓶颈与存在的问题。     

TLC32044I、TLC32044C音频模拟接口组件(1)

TLC32044是个单片CMOS组件,包括了整个A/D、D/A输入/输出系统。它将带通开关电容抗混叠输入滤波器、14位分辨率的A/D转换器、4种与微处理器兼容的串行端口方式、14位分辨率的D/A转换器和低通开关电容输出重组合滤波器等集成于一个组件里。它能提供主时钟输入频率的多种组合。本文阐述了该器件的工作原理和信号特性。     

原码、补码、反码D/A及A/D电路与系统

本文根据原码、补码、反码数的表示特点,研究出一种简便的原码、补码、反码D/A电路。将它们用于逐次逼近式A/D系统中时,可以构成原码、补码、反码系统的A/D变换器系统。本文还简要介绍了上述电路系统中用的一种重要电路:高精度模拟开关电路。这些电路与系统均已实际使用,证明是可行的。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.