基于向量自回归模型的舰船维修价格波动预警机制

针对舰船维修价格管理计划性较强和宏观经济环境复杂多变的矛盾,在对舰船维修价格波动预警机制分析的基础上,选取了舰船维修价格波动预警指标,设置了警限,建立了舰船维修价格波动预警指标体系。基于样本数据相关性、平稳性和协整性检验分析结果,引入非平稳时间序列建模方法,建立了舰船维修价格波动的向量自回归预警模型,借助Granger因果关系检验、脉冲响应函数分析对模型进行动态分析,并优化了预警模型。最后,基于优化模型预测舰船维修价格波动趋势,进行了预警分析。     

基于AdaBoost-PSO-BP的舰船维修费预测方法

针对舰船装备维修费影响因素复杂、预测结果不稳定等问题,构建了AdaBoost-PSO-BP的舰船维修费用预测模型。引入机器学习中的方法,针对BP神经网络在较小样本规模的情况下精度不高的问题,采用粒子群算法和早期停止法,确定了最佳参数,消除了过拟合现象,并通过AdaBoost将BP神经网络优化集成,提升了模型的准确度和稳定性。实例验证了该模型的实用性、科学性和有效性。     

基于综合贡献率的舰船装备体系寿命评估

为了更科学地预测装备寿命,提升装备的作战效益,从装备对体系的“综合贡献率”视角出发,探究了舰船装备“体系寿命”的评估方法。首先,基于作战环理论和非线性结构方程模型,引入二次交互项,构建舰船装备体系作战能力的指标体系,建立了体系作战效能的评估模型;然后,运用阈值法建立了舰船装备体系的复杂网络模型,基于拓扑特征统计值,构建了舰船装备体系网络结构特征的指标体系,将层次分析法与熵权法相结合来计算指标权重;最后,提出了舰船装备体系综合贡献率、体系寿命的定义和数学模型,并以航母编队体系对抗为算例,通过实验仿真数据,验证了模型和方法的可行性和有效性。     

基于灰色关联TOPSIS法的舰船装备维修方案决策

针对舰船装备维修方案优选问题,提出基于灰色关联TOPSIS法的舰船装备维修方案决策。该决策选取维修间隔时间、维修费用、维修时间和维修风险4个量化指标,利用灰色关联度减少不确定信息和小样本数据影响,并引入TOPSIS法处理多属性问题。通过对各维修方案相对贴近度排序优选,得出最佳维修方案。案例分析可知,该方法有效可行,值得在工程实践中借鉴。     

基于纯方位理论的运动舰船长度测量方法

获得运动舰船的船体长度对于航海避碰和目标识别具有重要的参考价值。然而,由于诸多因素的限制,现有视觉技术难以精确测量。为此,引入了纯方位目标运动分析理论结合双目视觉技术实现对运动舰船长度的测量。首先就所研究问题建立运动模型,推导了基于目标舰船方位、距离参数的舰船长度测量方法,针对该方法测量误差大的问题提出了基于航向、距离、方位的舰船长度测量方法。目标航向无法直接获取,为此引入基于纯方位理论的目标航向视觉估计方法,并进行了仿真验证。最后对两种舰船长度测量模型的误差进行了仿真比较分析,结果表明采用本文提出的"距离航向"法,当观测点位于目标舰船正横左右范围内时误差可以控制在10%内,"方位距离"法误差更小,适用的舷角范围更大。     

基于模糊逻辑的舰船维修经费预测

针对多输入、单输出的复杂非线性系统，基于Ｔａｋａｇｉ－Ｓｕｇｅｎｏ　模糊规则给出了一种系统预测模型，分别用模糊Ｃ－均值聚类算法和线性回归方法导出模型参数．利用该模型对舰船维修经费进行了预测，并进行了精度分析．     

舰船技术保障装备体系优化框架研究

在分析舰船技术保障装备构成的基础上,首先构建了由舰船系统和舰船技术保障相关的舰船系统、组织、过程、任务、装备以及资源六个视图所构成的多视图模型;然后,应用基于能力需求的建模思路,研究了舰船技术保障装备如何从能力需求转换为具体的装备实体的思路,并分析了舰船技术保障装备体系随外界环境发展变化的演化过程;最后,提出了舰船技术保障装备体系优化分析框架,并将舰船技术保障装备体系优化模型分为具体装备匹配模型、三级维修力量优化配置模型和体系演化模型三个层次。     

大型舰船平台购置费投资分布及控制

针对大型舰船平台购置费的特点,分析了其投资分布问题,利用龚伯兹曲线研究了在没有样本条件下的大型舰船平台购置费的投资分布,提出了基于生命周期曲线的大型舰船平台购置费投资分布模型,并用具体实例验证了模型的可行性。在大型舰船平台购置费投资分布研究以及总结对比武器装备费用控制方法的基础上,根据大型舰船平台购置费控制的特点,进行了大型舰船平台购置费控制问题的分析。针对原材料费用的控制,提出了基于材料纳期的费用控制方法;针对工时费用的控制,提出了基于国有单位平均工资指数的费用控制方法,并提出了大型舰船平台购置费控制的整体的观点。     

舰船装备价格指数与物价指数的关系研究

对舰船装备价格指数与物价指数建立数学模型 ,主要分析物价指数对舰船各项成本的影响 ,分析舰船装备价格指数比物价指数涨幅更大的原因 .     

舰船噪声模型可信度评估方法

对舰船噪声模型进行可信度评估,是合理运用噪声模型进行仿真分析的重要环节.通过分析时频特征,建立了舰船噪声模型;提出了一种基于特征相似的舰船噪声模型可信度评估方法:先在时域、频域分别对模型输出噪声与实际噪声的各特征相似度进行分析,再用层次分析法对整个噪声模型进行可信度评估,并对实测数据进行应用与分析.分析结果表明:该舰船...     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.