改性双酚A环氧树脂固化机理及其性能

用脂环族三官能度环氧树脂TDE-85改性双酚A型环氧树脂,达到提高耐热性与强韧性的目的.利用DSC对其固化反应机理进行了深入研究,并借助DDA确定中温固化工艺,对中温固化树脂基体的力学性能和热性能的研究表明固化物力学性能优良,与普通双酚A型树脂相比,相同固化体系树脂浇铸体的拉伸强度由47.30 MPa提高到 70.50 MPa,弯曲强度由62.74 MPa提高到85.48 MPa,冲击韧性由9.08×103 J/m2提高到1.09×104 J/m2,拉伸强度、断裂延伸率、弯曲强度及冲击韧性分别提高49.05%、50.0%、36.24%及19.53%.IR 分析表明,固化物的固化度为92.3%.     

反应性树脂体系化学增黏和物理减黏机制的分离

采用等温差示扫描量热(DSC)法,研究了CTD-128环氧树脂与GA-327(DDM改性芳胺)的固化度-时间变化关系;采用AR2000EX型旋转流变仪,测试了上述体系的等温黏度-时间关系.比较等温条件下的固化度-时间关系和黏度-时间关系,建立了等温条件下的黏度-固化度的等时对应关系,结果表明在纯化学增黏机制影响下,树脂体系的黏度随固化度增加先缓慢增加,当固化度增大到一定程度后黏度快速增加.将等温条件下的黏度-固化度关系进行变换,得到恒定固化度下的黏度-温度关系,揭示了在物理减黏机制影响下,树脂体系黏度随温度的增加而降低,并且黏度降低幅度随固化度的增加而增大.两种黏度影响机制分离的实现,为反应性树脂体系实时黏度的准确预测提供了技术支持.     

注胶修复工艺的耐高温环氧树脂体系工艺性能

针对注胶修复工艺要求,采用差示扫描量热法热分析和流变仪测试三种中温固化配方的耐高温缩水甘油胺型环氧树脂体系的固化特性和化学流变特性,通过对比分析三种配方树脂体系的固化条件和黏度特性,确定MF-4101/ZH110/DMP-30树脂体系为最适宜注胶修复工艺的配方。建立该树脂体系在等温条件下黏度特性曲线的Daul Arrhenius模型和高阶指数拟合模型。结果表明,高阶指数拟合模型的预测精度和适用范围均优于Daul Arrhenius模型,预测黏度与实验结果具有良好的一致性,根据高阶指数拟合模型建立的黏度随温度、时间变化的唯象关系式,可以准确地预报修复树脂体系的工艺窗口。     

双酚A环氧树脂改性二氧化双环戊二烯体系固化动力学分析及其性能研究

二氧化双环戊二烯(CDR -0122)环氧树脂固化物的耐热性较好,但脆性大.采用不同质量分数的环氧(E -51)改性CDR -0122.对不同的改性体系进行DSC分析,确定其活化能、反应级数和最佳固化工艺.对改性的CDR - 0122环氧树脂固化物进行力学性能和耐温性能测试.结果表明:当加入E-51的质量分数为30％时,CDR -0122的树脂体系的综合性能最优.相比改性前,改性后的树脂体系活化能略有下降,并且其拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别提高了52.38％和54.77％,但玻璃化转变温度略有下降.     

RFI用环氧树脂固化工艺研究

采用动态差示扫描量热(DSC)法,研究了E-44/E-21混合环氧树脂与GA-327(DDM改性芳胺)的固化过程,研究了升温速率对固化体系DSC曲线的影响,确定了该固化体系的反应动力学方程为dαdt=2.27×104exp(-(4764.65)/T)(1-α)0.861;采用最佳固化温度外推法得到E-44/E-21(6∶4)/GA-327体系的最佳固化制度为100℃/30min 120℃/30min。按该固化制度制备的浇铸体的固化度达95.7%,拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别为62.71MPa和97.92MPa。     

石英/双酚E型氰酸酯复合材料的制备与性能

采用实验方法研究双酚E型氰酸酯树脂的黏度和固化特性,揭示催化剂对双酚E型氰酸酯树脂固化特性的影响规律;采用树脂传递模塑和真空导入模塑工艺制备石英纤维/双酚E型氰酸酯复合材料,并考察其力学性能。结果表明,双酚E型氰酸酯树脂室温至90℃范围内的黏度小于300 m Pa·s,凝胶时间大于10 h,起始固化温度、固化温度和终止固化温度分别为186±5℃,235±5℃和286±5℃;固化特征温度随着催化剂含量的增加而降低,直至催化剂饱和,其饱和范围为0.02%~0.03%,可使双酚E型氰酸酯树脂体系的固化温度降低约60℃,从而避免爆聚,实现液相法成型其复合材料;真空导入模塑工艺制备的石英纤维/双酚E型氰酸酯复合材料的力学性能明显优于树脂传递模塑制备试样。     

列车用复合材料阻燃性能研究

不同类别的阻燃剂配合使用能产生协效作用,大大提高阻燃效果。在甲基丙烯酸类不饱和聚酯树脂9001基体中,添加微囊化红磷/氢氧化铝/三氧化二锑/甲基膦酸二甲酯(MRP/Al(OH)3/Sb2O3/DMMP)阻燃剂体系,对其树脂体系固化物及玻璃纤维织物复合材料的力学性能和阻燃性能进行了实验研究,提出了一种有望用于列车复合材料大尺寸构件制造的性能优异、价格低廉的新体系。结果表明,当质量添加比例分别为12%MRP、50%Al(OH)3、2%Sb2O3时,树脂体系室温粘度100mPa.s左右,凝胶时间超过80min,适用于RTM和VIMP等大尺寸构件成型工艺;复合材料拉伸强度215.4MPa,弯曲强度177.15MPa,拉伸模量13.85GPa,弯曲模量13.36GPa,氧指数39.7。     

断裂复合材料层压板贴片快速修复工艺研究

采用CMR-1A复合材料热补仪和3234/G814复合材料预浸料贴片,对完全断裂的复合材料层压板进行双面修复。通过正交试验法获得了最佳修复工艺参数:固化温度为130℃;固化时间为80 min;贴片层数为5层(单面);真空度为0.04 MPa;贴片长度为50 mm。对优化工艺参数进行试验验证,结果表明:复合材料层压板拉伸强度从0 MPa增加到320.84 MPa,提高了57.29%;LY12CZ铝合金和45钢板拉伸强度恢复率分别为96%和75.53%。     

低粘度环氧树脂VIMP工艺性能研究

VIMP(真空注射模塑)工艺以其低成本、环保和适于大型制件一次整体成型等优点得到了广泛应用.本文对VIMP工艺用低粘度环氧树脂体系进行了固化反应动力学和粘度分析,确定了最佳固化温度,建立了树脂体系的流变模型,模型分析结果与实验结果吻合较好,根据此流变模型预报了工艺窗口.并进行了VIMP模塑板材工艺实验,测试了板材的纤维体积含量和力学性能.     

添加剂CCCW作用下硫铝酸盐水泥固化土耐MgSO_4侵蚀性能及早期强度模型

针对目前水泥固化土耐硫酸镁侵蚀性能研究多基于硅酸盐水泥的现状,以硫铝酸盐水泥固化土为对象,采用外蚀(成型后浸泡)和内蚀(制作时内掺)2种方式制作了试件,探讨了硫铝酸盐水泥固化土在硫酸镁溶液侵蚀下的早期强度发展规律。通过等量替换的方式,研究了水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料(CCCW)占用土质量4%时,其对硫铝酸盐水泥固化土耐硫酸镁侵蚀性能的影响。基于水泥固化土稳固系数理论,分别提出了硫酸镁溶液在2种侵蚀方式下的硫铝酸盐水泥固化土早期强度JM和NM模型,并对模型进行了检验。结果表明:硫铝酸盐水泥固化土在硫酸镁溶液侵蚀下,早期强度呈先上升后下降的趋势,浸泡1~3 d时强度增大较快,在7 d时达到最大,14 d时有较大下降;侵蚀方式对硫铝酸盐水泥固化土早期强度有较大影响,内蚀方式下强度一直呈上升趋势,且较外蚀方式高1~2 MPa;等量替换方式下,CCCW会降低硫铝酸盐水泥固化土强度,但提高了其耐硫酸镁侵蚀性能,MgSO_4溶液质量浓度为1.5~18.0 g/L时,2种侵蚀方式下14 d强度一直呈上升趋势;基于水泥固化土稳固系数的硫铝酸盐水泥固化土早期强度JM和NM模型具有一定的可行性,14 d时间内强度预测值与实测值误差最高分别为7.31%和5.07%。     

超细粒子对环氧树脂的增韧改性研究

用NW-2辛酯偶联剂改性过的复合氧化锌(ZnO)超细粒子对环氧树脂进行增韧,借助于SEM和力学性能测试手段研究了ZnO粒子的形貌以及NW-2辛酯偶联剂改性复合ZnO粒子在环氧树脂体系中的增韧情况及其机理.结果表明:经过NW-2辛酯偶联剂改性的复合超细ZnO粒子对环氧树脂具备良好的增韧效果.     

Investigation of the mechanical and ballistic properties of hybrid carbon/ aramid woven laminates

High-performance ballistic fibers, such as aramid fiber and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), are commonly used in anti-ballistic structures due to their low density, high tensile strength and high specific modulus. However, their low modulus in the thickness direction and insufficient shear strength limits their application in certain ballistic structure. In contrast, carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin matrix composites (CFRP) have the characteristics of high modulus in the thickness direction and high shear resistance. However, carbon fibers are rarely used and applied for protection purposes. A hybridization with aramid fiber reinforced epoxy resin matrix composites (AFRP) and CFRP has the potential to improve the stiffness and the ballistic property of the typical ballistic fiber composites. The hybrid effects on the flexural property and ballistic performance of the hybrid CFRP/AFRP laminates were investigated. Through conducting mechanical property tests and ballistic tests, two sets of reliable simulation parameters for AFRP and CFRP were established using LS-DYNA software, respectively. The experimental results suggested that by increasing the content of CFRP that the flexural properties of hybrid CFRP/AFRP laminates were enhanced. The ballistic tests’ results and the simulation illustrated that the specific energy absorption by the perforation method of CFRP achieved 77.7% of AFRP. When CFRP was on the striking face, the shear resistance of the laminates and the resistance force to the projectiles was promoted at the initial penetration stage. The proportion of fiber tensile failures in the AFRP layers was also enhanced with the addition of CFRP during the penetration process. These improvements resulted in the ballistic performance of hybrid CFRP/AFRP laminates was better than AFRP when the CFRP content was 20 wt% and 30 wt%.     

沿海地区装甲车辆车体防腐用新型粘料的研制

沿海地区特殊海洋环境造成装甲装备的严重腐蚀，为了研制一种新型的耐蚀有机涂层，特研究了有机硅改性环氧树脂的化学反应，并对改性树脂的性能进行了测试分析，结果表明，改性树脂克服了环氧树脂的耐温性差、亲水性强以及盐水渗透率高等性能缺陷，为进一步制备该地区装甲装备防腐涂料奠定了基础。     

Synergistic effect of hybrid Himalayan Nettle/Bauhinia-vahlii fibers on physico-mechanical and sliding wear properties of epoxy composites

The cellulosic bast fibers are recognized as a justifiable and biodegradable substitute for producing moderate strength polymer composite materials because of their characteristics of renewability, eco-friendliness, and higher specific strength. Hence the aim of this research work is to fabricate Himalayan bast fibers (Nettle fiber (NF)/bauhinia vahlii fiber (BF)) based mono/hybrid epoxy composites at varying weight percentage of 2–6 wt% and evaluate the physical (void fraction and water absorption), mechanical (tensile strength, flexural strength, hardness) and sliding wear properties of as-fabricated composites. The 6 wt% NBF reinforced composites exhibited higher mechanical properties as compared to NF and BF composites with tensile strength of 34.04 MPa, flexural strength of 42.45 MPa, and hardness of 37.01 H_v respectively. The influence of various control factors (sliding velocity, NF/BF/NBF contents, normal load and sliding distance) on specific sliding wear rate of composites was evaluated by Taguchi (three factors at three levels) experimental design and the percentage contribution of these selected parameters on sliding wear performance was examined by Analysis of variance (ANOVA). The sliding wear property of as-developed composites was found to be greatly influenced by sliding velocity and the wear resistance was observed to be improved with the NF/BF/NBF contents. The wear mechanism of the as-fabricated composites has been elucidated by scanning electron microscopy analysis. The research outcomes demonstrated that the hybridization of Bauhinia vahlii fiber with Nettle fiber led to improve the mechanical and wear properties of epoxy composites.     

极性基团对环氧树脂基体力学性能及吸水特性的影响

研究了CYD- 128/THPA/DMP- 30 (CTD)、TDE- 85/THPA/DMP- 30(TTD)、CYD- 128/IPDA(CI)与TDE- 85/IPDA (TI)4种环氧树脂基体浇铸体的拉伸、弯曲和耐海水性能,分析了树脂、固化剂类型和分子结构对树脂基体性能的影响.结果表明,使用相同固化剂时,TDE...     

POSS改性AFG-90环氧树脂体系流变特性

对新型有机-无机杂化纳米材料多面体低聚硅倍半氧烷(POSS)改性AFG-90环氧树脂体系前后的粘度变化进行研究,并根据双Arrhenius方程建立了与试验数据较为符合的化学流变模型,同时以此模型对改性树脂体系RTM工艺性能进行评估.