美军太空信息支援战区作战研究

为了保证太空信息能自顶向下融入到战区联合作战行动,实现太空信息支援力量与其他作战部队的跨域协同,美军建立了体系健全、功能完备的太空信息支援系统。本文梳理归纳了美军太空信息支援力量体系,针对太空信息支援战区作战的指挥与运用流程,分析了“统分结合、视情授权”的太空信息支援战区作战指挥体系,研究了“需求提出－汇总分析－分类提供”的支援作战流程,对天基侦察监视、卫星通信中继、卫星导航定位的需求管理、任务规划与资源调度的具体运用流程进行了分析,总结了美军太空信息支援战区作战指挥控制的特点。希冀本研究可为太空信息支援作战的指挥体系构建和指挥控制流程设计提供一定参考。     

天基信息支援层次化保障模式及其应用

信息化联合作战是体系作战,如何提高作战效能和指挥活动效率,是决定作战胜利与否的关键。站在"服务用户"的角度,针对联合作战指挥和打击行动的全过程,研究了天基信息支援作战的任务;提出了天基信息支援的层次化保障模式,运用分解和组合的方式,根据具体的作战需求,构建天基信息支援保障体系,实现天基信息快速、准确、高效地应用于作战行动;运用层次化保障模式提供天基信息支援的思想,设计了基于作战过程和指挥活动的远程精确打击作战天基信息应用流程,对促进天基信息在远程精确打击作战中的应用具有理论和现实意义。     

Openstack云主机管理的敏捷开发技术

针对指挥信息系统开发中规范缺乏、用户体验不足、各阶段缺乏有效验证的问题,提出了基于Openstack云主机的敏捷开发模型,包括云计算的概念,Openstack平台组成及原理,敏捷开发概念和特征,以及基于云架构的仿真试验系统动态构建的全生命周期开发流程等,为指挥信息系统敏捷开发提供指导,以期满足不同的用户体验和仿真验证需求。     

天基信息支援指挥控制体系运行机制及复杂网络建模?

天基信息支援是当前联合作战的主要样式之一，指挥控制体系是天基信息支援联合作战的核心和神经中枢，构建天基信息支援指挥控制体系运行机制和网络结构模型有助于提升天基信息支援乃至联合作战体系效能。探讨了天基信息支援云作战的基本概念和主要特点、天基信息支援云作战体系的构成和运行机制、以及天基信息支援云作战指挥控制体系的构成和流程，勾画了天基信息支援云作战指挥控制的理论框架，并结合示例构建了天基信息支援云作战指挥控制体系结构的复杂网络模型，并进行了主要参量分析，对开展天基信息支援指挥控制体系建设，指导天基信息支援以及联合作战体系需求论证、结构设计、评估优化等具有积极而现实的参考价值。     

综合兵要信息服务关键技术研究

综合兵要信息是作战指挥综合信息库的组成部分,是军事测绘数据应用于作战指挥的桥梁.根据我军目前综合兵要信息的应用模式越来越不满足现在战争数据保障模式的需求为背景展开讨论,分析了目前综合兵要信息保障模式的弊端,设计了综合兵要信息逻辑模型与服务架构,针对模型设计实现了原型展示系统,旨在对综合兵要服务应用方面做一点简单探讨.     

基于指控交互信息用户语境的语义Web服务发现和组合

在军事指挥控制模拟训练系统和训练装备研究领域,指控系统与仿真系统的开发是相对的,遵循不同的标准和协议,在结构和功能上存在很大的差异。通过建立指控交互信息的语义Web服务概念参考模型,提出指控系统与仿真系统互操作性面临的技术需求,研究基于指控交互信息用户语境的语义Web服务发现和服务组合,提出了基于静态与动态用户语境匹配的语义Web服务发现架构和服务匹配算法,以及基于用户语境的语义Web服务组合算法。     

指挥信息系统作战运用服务需求

以OODA(Observe-Orient-Decide-Act)作战过程模型为主要参考,充分考虑用户主观体验,提出了指挥信息系统作战运用信息服务的分类方法和交互关系,并以数字化机步师指挥信息系统为例,通过设计4种服务视角模型,分析其作战运用的服务需求,为科学运用指挥信息系统提供指导。     

军事信息服务的概念体系及其应用

随着军事变革和信息技术的发展,传统的指挥控制系统已经无法满足联合作战的需求,下一代指控系统必然是基于面向服务思想构建的。针对该情况,介绍了军事信息服务的概念体系,提出了军事信息服务的逻辑结构,分析了军事信息服务的组成分类,并在此基础上,给出了基于服务的指挥控制系统构建框架以及军事信息服务应用模型,最后给出了结论。     

面向文书的情报关键信息抽取算法

文书是作战指挥过程中,流转各类重要信息的主要媒介。随着大量信息化武器装备的使用,指挥过程中需要处理的数据量激增,带来较大的文书编写及阅读理解工作量。同时,以自然语言为主的文书内容,无法很好地与基于格式数据的指挥控制系统结合,迫使作战人员充当编码/解码器,降低了指挥控制效率。因此,提出一种以BERT+BiLSTM+CRF为基础的情报文本关键信息抽取算法,自动抓取情报文本中的要素、时间、地域、动作、属性等关键信息,将情报文本转换成格式化信息数据,减轻作战人员读取信息、录入信息的工作量,并为指挥信息系统下游业务提供支撑数据,使文书内容可以更好地转换为指控系统所需格式数据,提高各类信息流转效率。     

基于天基信息支援的要地防空指挥问题研究

以天基信息支援下的要地防空作战指挥为研究对象,首先分析了防空部队对天基信息的需求,然后通过对信息化战争的描述,建立了指挥信息空间和指挥实体空间,并利用两者间的对应关系,设计了基于天基信息支援的要地防空指挥体系,并阐述了整个防空作战的指挥流程,为进一步研究天基信息支援下的防空作战提供了一定的参考。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.