某4×4车辆磁流变半主动悬架模糊控制

以某车辆二自由度磁流变半主动悬架振动模型为基础,设计了磁流变半主动悬架模糊控制器。利用Matlab/Simulink对被动悬架和半主动磁流变悬架分别进行了随机路面和阶跃输入下的动力学仿真分析。仿真结果表明：采用模糊控制的磁流变半主动悬架对由路面不平引起的车辆振动控制效果要明显优于被动悬架,磁流变半主动悬架可有效改善汽车...     

联合仿真技术在车辆半主动悬架系统模糊控制中的应用

运用EASY5建立了阻尼可调减振器模型,运用机械系统分析软件ADAMS建立了悬架的机械系统模型,运用MATLAB建立了基于模糊算法的控制模型,从而实现半主动悬架的建模和联合仿真.结果表明,基于模糊算法的半主动悬架能够很好地降低车辆的振动,提高车辆行驶的平顺性;同时表明联合仿真在研究半主动悬架技术上是可行的,为机电液一体的复杂系统的建模和仿真提供了新的思路.     

基于双弹簧对称布置的刚度可调式半主动悬架设计

针对轮式车辆传统悬架机构及变阻尼系数半主动悬架的不足,提出了一种具有距地高调节及刚度调节的双弹簧对称布置式悬架机构。在建立数学模型的基础上,对悬架系统距地高及车姿调节的实现机理进行了阐述;结合刚度系数变化,对悬架特性、半主动控制的实现机理、悬架系统结构的稳定性进行了分析,提出了该悬架正常工作的稳定性条件。研究表明:该刚度可调悬架机构可实现车辆距地高及静态车姿的调节,但由于悬架等效刚度随着悬架压缩量的增加而降低,使得其应用受到一定限制。     

导弹发射车悬架半主动控制与仿真

为了降低导弹行进间发射时车体的强烈振动,提出了利用磁流变阻尼器进行半主动控制的方法。首先,对采用垂直发射方式的导弹发射车悬架系统进行了简化,建立了四自由度振动模型,推导出悬架系统的状态方程。然后分别考虑发射车在恶劣路况下的行驶以及行进间发射2种工况,利用磁流变阻尼器提供控制力进行了线性最优二次型振动控制。最后编写了控制程序并进行了仿真计算。结果表明,实施半主动控制后,2种工况下车身的振动得到了较好的抑制。     

模糊神经网络在发电机励磁控制中的应用

采用含有惯性项学习算法的BP神经网络代替模糊PID控制器，对同步发电机励磁控制系统进行仿真。仿真结果表明，在系统遭受扰动或突加减载时，所设计的模糊神经网络励磁控制器具有良好的控制效果。     

基于模糊神经网络的伺服系统PID控制

针对某装备伺服系统具有复杂的非线性和时变性,传统的PID控制存在自适应能力差的缺点,设计了一种模糊神经网络PID控制器。利用神经网络对模糊控制的控制规则进行优化,根据偏差E和偏差变化EC在线调整PID控制器的3个参数。通过与传统的PID控制器仿真实验对比,可以看出模糊神经网络PID控制器能够有效地提高该伺服系统的性能。     

某扫雷犁电液伺服系统的模糊神经网络控制

针对某扫雷犁电液伺服系统这一典型的非线性系统,使用基于减法聚类的模糊神经网络(FNN)自学习算法设计了控制器,其中减法聚类用于确定模糊神经网络的初始结构。在网络的学习过程中,对结论参数采用最小二乘法进行辨识,对前提参数采用误差反传算法进行调整;并使用AMESim软件搭建了扫雷犁的液压系统模型,利用其接口技术实现了与Simulink的联合仿真。实验结果表明模糊神经网络控制器的控制效果要优于传统的PID控制器。     

柔性神经网络滑模主动控制技术

针对复杂激励条件下的振动控制,对Jiles-atherton模型的磁致伸缩作动器在双层隔振系统中的主动控制进行了研究。以传统滑模控制为基础,提出一种柔性神经网络滑模控制算法。用正则化方法设计控制器的切换矩阵,建立神经网络权值和柔性映射参数更新学习公式,并将该控制策略应用于双层隔振系统的振动主动控制中。通过单频、多频及随机信号激励进行仿真研究,结果表明:柔性神经网络滑模控制器具有较强的鲁棒性,具有较好的控制效果。     

多影响因子下智能前照灯系统建模与仿真

针对多影响因子下的前照灯系统进行研究,建立可以适应路面湿滑状态以及车辆载重变化的智能前照灯偏转模型,并对所建模型进行了直线路段和转弯路段的仿真分析;根据仿真分析中存在的车灯偏转调节尖峰问题设计模糊PID控制器对其控制性能进行优化。仿真结果表明,加入模糊PID控制器后能够大大降低过度偏角,提高了前照灯的使用寿命和工作精度。     

主动悬架多时滞补偿的一般方法

针对多轮车辆每个受控悬架时滞不相等导致预测控制效果不理想的问题,提出多时滞补偿的一般方法。首先,建立多轮车辆主动悬架的一般模型,设计无时滞补偿控制器;然后,考虑到每个主动悬架时滞不相等,设计了具有时滞补偿控制器;最后,对设计的2种控制器进行了仿真验证。结果表明:与相等时滞相比,不相等时滞会恶化车辆振动状态;与无时滞补偿控制器相比,所设计的控制器能有效处理多时滞问题,且主动悬架中心与车体质心距离越远时,时滞的影响更明显。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.