李清照与朱淑真词之比较

李清照、朱淑真是宋代两位才华杰出而又命运悲惨的女作家。她们多才多艺,而尤以词著称,堪称宋代词坛双璧。两人生活经历相似,加之朱淑真对李清照的师承关系促使二人词作思想内容、艺术特色相同处甚多。但细致观察,李、朱词又是同中有异的。     

试谈贾宝玉性格及其成因

<红楼梦>是中国古典小说发展的最高峰,标志着中国古典小说思想和艺术的最高成就.这部小说所塑造的人物之众多,描写景观之细致,反映礼仪之繁杂,在中国文学史上是极其罕见的.     

论“花间派”产生的现实文化基因

后蜀广政三年(公元940年),卫尉少卿赵崇祚将晚唐五代18家词人的500首“诗客曲子词”搜集起来,编成中国文学史上第一部文人词集——《花间集》。从此,也就有了“花间词”与“花间派”之说。今之所谓“花间词”,指的就是辑入《花间集》的500首曲子词。“花间词”的作者大都是蜀人或流寓仕蜀者,其作品大多抒写男女相悦之情,主体风格偏于“香而软”,因此,后人便把这些所写作品内容大致相同、风格较为接近的词人群体称作“花间派”。尊温庭筠为鼻祖的“花间派”是中国词     

论魏晋士人的生命意识

魏晋时期是中国文学史上极为特殊的时期。这一时期是文人生命情绪勃发与生命意识高扬的时期 ,此时期的文学可称为生命文学。魏晋士人以一种忧生叹死的自我意识去关注社会 ,体悟自然 ,表现自我 ,抒发他们心中的愤懑与惆怅 ,失意与忧伤 ,既有对人格理想、功业抱负的追求 ,又有对时光流逝、生命短暂的慨叹 ,从而形成了慷慨悲凉、哀婉忧伤的文学风格。这一时期的诗歌称得上是中国文学史上最具丰富生命内涵的诗歌     

宋代士人心理与词的内在契合

士人是中国文化的主体 ,他们的心理对文学有着决定作用。宋代士人的心理转向契合了宋词的特质 :宋代士人偏重内心关怀 ,词则长于情绪抒写 ;宋代士人有无法言说的内心愁绪 ,词则婉转曲折、伤感缠绵。另外词虽为艳科 ,宋人却有出污泥而不染的阔达胸境。由此宋代士人将其真情实感倾注于词中 ,成就了一代文学     

中国古代诗学的意境论与宋词的翻译艺术

本文从中国古代诗学的意境论出发,分析意境论的内涵以及宋词的美学特征,并以李清照的《醉花阴》和豪放派的代表苏轼的《水调歌头》为例,对宋词的意境孵现、翻译原则和方法进行探讨、以求译者能最大限度得展现中国古涛词的优美意境。     

论李煜词的文化内蕴

李煜的词是中国词坛上的一朵奇葩，不仅清丽自然，真情流露，而且是亡国之君情感的真实写照。其前期词轻描淡写却能再现栩栩如生的生活画面，后期词情深哀切，以有形的物来形容无形的愁，遣词用字准确贴切，艺术概括高度凝炼。     

一卷和陶诗,满腔忠义忱——论戴良的和陶诗创作

中国文学史上,追和陶诗的现象,蔚为大观。元遗民诗人戴良推崇陶渊明的忠义气节,作有《和陶诗》一卷。其主题取向与陶诗相近,却又彰显忠义,并形成了独特的＂陶渊明意象群＂。同时,其将唱和与赠答功能合一,兼有书信作用。又以序存事,足可补史之阙。     

龙榆生创办《词学季刊》的宗旨与举措

现代词学家龙榆生创办《词学季刊》,将其定位成以词学研究为主的专业性期刊,在确定作者人选范围、确立与读者取得沟通方式的编辑思想主导下,推出＂创刊号＂,实现他的编辑意旨;而后着力搞好编辑与作者间的协作,以利于期刊的持续发展;为读者着想,争取读者参与到期刊编辑工作中来。《词学季刊》的出版,为词学研究期刊编辑史上留下了风采的一笔。     

论文化革命与文化建设

“文化革命”一词是列宁在晚年提出的，在中国的实践可以追溯至新民主主义革命时期，但“文化革命”在中国的实践不仅没能达到其原本的目标，反而给整个社会带来了巨大的灾难。从“文化革命”到“文化建没”，是文化发展史上的一个进步。现阶段．建设中国特色社会主义文化，应在中国特色社会主义理论体系的指导下，吸收继承我国传统文化，发展创新现代文化，同时学习借鉴团外优秀文化。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.