基于改进型粒子群算法的航空多项目调度方法

多项目并举状况下的资源有限-工期最短问题求解,是提高航空企业资源利用率、缩短项目周期的关键。在项目网络计划的基础上,提出了一种改进型粒子群算法对多项目实施并行资源调度,求解多项目最优资源调度方案。该方法通过改进的交叉和变异操作,提高了解的多样性,保证了算法的全局搜索能力。最后,通过对某型飞机的2个并行装配计划进行实例计算,验证了方法的有效性。     

基于改进RCPSP的军队建设项目中长期规划问题建模与求解

针对军队建设项目中长期规划编制中的任务安排问题,探索运用项目调度理论和方法提供一种辅助的定量分析手段.以传统资源受限项目调度问题模型为基础,考虑军费预算定期划拨的特点,增加资源可用时间区间作为约束条件,构建了带资源时间约束的多项目调度模型,提出了一种集成动态遗传算法和启发式算法的逐阶段迭代多项目调度算法.该模型和求解算法能够在有限时间和预算条件下,充分利用各年度预算并达成项目规划预期收益.仿真实验表明,本文提出的逐阶段迭代多项目调度算法能够快速求解大规模算例,避免早熟并获得满意解,在求解速度和质量方面具有一定优势.     

基于混合粒子群的武器分配与规划方法研究

武器-目标分配是一个至今未能解决好的多约束规划问题,其复杂性包括模型和算法两方面,已被证明是一个NP完全问题。在对以往武器-目标分配模型分析的基础上,引入时间和制导资源约束构建新的模型,以防御武器系统生存概率最大作为目标函数,提出一种混合粒子群算法。该算法融合粒子群算法和遗传算法,首先利用粒子群算法找到不受时间和制导资源约束的一组解,再利用一个遗传算法对粒子群算法找到的解进行寻优,最终找到一组满足时间和制导资源约束的最优解。仿真结果表明,该算法收敛速度快,求解精度高。     

基于保障时间窗的油料调拨运输模型

通过引入保障时间窗,同时考虑油料保障的时间约束和运力约束,建立了基于保障开始时间最早,并尽可能满足保障需求量的调度模型。针对问题的多目标性,基于理想点法将初始模型转化为单目标优化模型。采用粒子群算法对模型进行求解,并设计了算法编码和求解步骤。通过算例验证了模型和算法的可行性及有效性。     

变精度粗糙集的战时装备维修保障资源优化配置

以战时维修保障资源难以预测为背景,面向战时维修保障任务,建立了基于变精度粗糙集的战时装备维修保障资源优化配置模型,实现了不同精度下的多资源点、多需求点的资源优化配置。证明了战时维修保障资源所需时间的取值范围,以此推导出模型中所需时间与成本的取值范围。利用粒子群算法对该模型进行求解,得到最优目标函数值,从而验证出此模型与算法的有效性。     

应用离散粒子群-郭涛算法分配多无人机协同任务

针对以往考虑时间窗约束的多无人机协同任务分配问题模型不能反映在有效时间窗内,任务执行时间对任务收益的影响及求解算法效率较低的问题。建立了将任务收益和任务执行时间直接联系起来的任务分配模型和可行解到粒子整数编码方式的映射,设计了混合离散粒子群-郭涛算法的组合优化问题求解策略。借助粒子群算法利用粒子自身信息和种群有用信息指导种群进化的本质特点,优化郭涛算法的适应性序列倒置操作;设计了可变的学习选择概率来选择个体的学习粒子,改进了序列倒置算子。仿真实验验证了该方法处理复杂任务分配问题的有效性。     

基于改进QPSO算法的云计算资源调度策略研究

资源调度问题是云计算研究的一个重要方向。针对传统量子粒子群算法的不足,提出了一种改进量子粒子算法,并将其应用于云计算资源调度策略。首先,建立了云计算资源调度问题的模型,并将资源调度任务完成的时间作为适应度函数。随后采用自适应机制,通过改变粒子位置更新的惯性权值,提高了算法的全局搜索能力,加快了收敛速度。最后通过实验仿真对该算法进行了测试。实验表明,该算法能更好更快地找到云计算资源调度方案,使资源分配更加合理高效。     

时间和制导资源约束下的武器目标分配

针对防空作战过程中的武器-目标分配问题,以目标毁伤概率最大为目标函数,提出一种混合粒子群算法.该算法融合粒子群算法和遗传算法,首先利用粒子群算法找到不受时间和制导资源约束的一组解,再利用遗传算法对粒子群算法找到的解进行寻优,最终找到一组满足时间和制导资源约束的最优解.仿真结果表明,该算法收敛速度快,迭代次数少.     

考虑维修时间不确定性的维修任务选择模型

由于维修时间存在不确定性,如何在考虑维修时间不确定性的情况下确定任务间隔期的维修方案是一个值得探讨的问题.给出了一种考虑维修时间不确定性的维修任务选择模型及其求解算法,以在一定置信水平下获得最佳的维修方案.首先,给出了考虑维修时间不确定性的维修任务选择问题的假设条件,并建立了一种非线形的、离散的机会约束规划.其次,给出了一种基于随机模拟的粒子群求解算法,包括粒子的表示、适应度函数、更新公式、算法框架等.最后,给出了具体实例,证明了模型与算法的有效性.该模型非常适用于管理人员在维修时间存在不确定性的情况下作出合理的维修任务选择决策.     

基于约束满足的编队协同作战多实体资源受限优化配置模型

针对编队协同作战中因资源配置不合理而导致出现冲突的问题,运用基于约束满足的方法,建立了多实体资源受限优化配置模型,并采用基于规则的启发式算法对模型进行求解和仿真计算,结果表明该方法简单、可行。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.