使用位流重定位与差异配置在线演化数字系统

利用位流重定位与差异配置技术对现有基于动态部分重构的演化硬件实现方法进行改进,以解决其演化复杂电路时位流存储开销大和演化速度慢的问题。利用Xilinx早期获取部分重构技术,定制能实现位流重定位的可演化IP核。原始位流文件经设计形成算子核位流库存于外部CF卡上,方便系统调用。将现场可编程门阵列片内软核处理器Micro Blaze作为演化控制器,采用染色体差异配置技术,在线实时调节可演化IP核的电路结构,构成基于片上可编程系统的自演化系统。以图像滤波器的在线演化设计为例,在Virtex-5现场可编程门阵列开发板ML507上对系统结构和演化机制进行验证,结果表明,所提演化机制能有效节省位流存储空间,提高演化速度。     

双冗余热备份技术的综合控制设备设计与实现

为提高地面装备可靠性,提出一种基于双冗余热备份技术的车载综合控制设备,采用仲裁方式实现状态实时监测及主、备切换功能,同时基于复杂度、可靠性及实现难度考虑,设计一种任务级同步的余度管理方法,通过余度间的通信链路及运行在CPU模块上的任务同步软件模块实现主、备间的任务同步,既满足设备同步需求,同时易于实现,复杂度低。     

一种用EPLD实现的数字同步电路

本文根据某通信系统的要求,设计了一种新型的比特同步的方法。使用ＥＰＬＤ器件,实现了一种ＢＩＳ（即数字位同步）模块。该模块的技术性能,完全达到了设计要求。     

基于FPGA技术对老装备技术改造的研究

对服役多年达到使用寿命的电子装备,采用现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）集成电路技术进行技术改造,既能保证装备原有的技术性能指标,又可提高装备的可用性、维修性及可靠性．介绍了采用FPGA技术对某型数字式指挥仪进行技术改造的方法,并表明这种方法是装备技术保障中的一种行之有效的技术措施．     

基于FPGA的数字复接系统的同步技术研究

针对数据大容量通信时常因同步问题而面临失败的问题,分析了数字复接系统工作原理,探究了收发端高精度时钟基准同步方法在时钟校正的应用,以及位同步和帧同步的典型同步技术,并利用FPGA仿真验证了数据复接过程。数据通信依赖于收发端同步技术的建立,认为将收发端时钟同步、位同步、帧同步应用在复接系统的不同部分,能够共同作用以实现收发端数据传输的同步。卫星双向时间比对法能够有效校准收发端的高精度时钟,校准精度优于0.5 ns;数字锁相法能够自动将收发端时钟校准到同频同相的状态,有效实现位同步;在每个数据帧当中加入帧同步信号可以使收发端自动判断每一帧的数据传输状态。FPGA技术为数据仿真提供良好平台,利用其完成了过零信号的提取和数据帧同步的复接的仿真,达到预期效果。     

基于RMS特性的武器装备的系统效能评估模型

为了保证武器装备的战斗力,建立了基于可靠性、维修性和保障性(RMS)的系统效能评估模型。定义系统效能的度量,分析其影响因素。针对执行任务期间装备发生故障时难修复和可修复两种情况,通过模型可用性、可信度及能力矩阵,分别求出基于RMS特性的武器装备系统效能表达式(ERMS),从而得出相应评估模型。     

基于探针的Web服务运行时监控方法研究

为了实时、准确地获取工作流服务及其构件服务的运行状态,提出了一种基于探针的Web服务运行时监测方法。该方法采用面向方面编程(AOP)技术对Web服务进行监测探针插入,以捕获Web服务运行过程中的异常事件和服务质量(QoS)属性相关数据,进而实现对Web服务运行状态的实时监测;针对异常、响应时间、可靠性以及可用性的监测需求分别设计和实现基于AOP的监测探针;在此基础上,基于开放服务网关协议(OSGI)框架设计实现了一个Web服务运行时监测与可视分析原型系统,并通过实验验证了方法的有效性和系统的可用性。     

适用于海底观测网络的恒流远供系统可靠性分析方法

以水下单元的短路/开路故障模式为基础,提出一种分析缆系海底观测网络恒流远供系统可靠性的方法。根据系统供电和结构特性,将系统分成不同的供电链路和链路段。详细研究处于不同位置的各种水下单元发生故障时,对链路和观测设备的供电状态的影响。归纳导致系统和各链路无法正常导通、观测设备无法得到供电的状态情况,分析不同故障状态发生的概率,进而得出求解系统、供电链路与供电设备的供电可靠度的方法。通过算例分析,进一步梳理了3种供电可靠性的共性规律,说明在设计和建设恒流远供系统时,应综合考量这3种供电可靠性。     

基于单元故障模式的水下恒流远供系统可靠性分析方法

以水下单元的短路/开路故障模式为基础,提出了一种分析缆系海底观测网络恒流远供系统可靠性的方法。根据系统供电和结构特性,将系统分成不同的供电链路和链路段。详细研究了处于不同位置的各种水下单元发生故障时,对链路和观测设备的供电状态的影响。归纳了导致系统和各链路无法正常导通、观测设备无法得到供电的状态情况,分析了不同故障状态发生的概率,进而得出了求解系统、供电链路与供电设备的供电可靠度的方法。通过算例分析,进一步梳理了3种供电可靠性的共性规律,说明在设计和建设恒流远供系统时,应综合须考量这3种供电可靠性。     

基于多状态故障树的舰船装备可靠性分析方法

为分析舰船装备的系统和单元部件介于正常和故障之间的中间过渡状态,结合实际工作情况,提出了一种基于多状态故障树的可靠性分析方法。以舰船电力系统为例,将传统故障树模型的底层事件布尔单元改进为可维修的三态（正常、劳损降级和故障）单元部件;结合智能体董正琼技术建立该多状态故障树仿真模型,各事件之间的从属关系采用抽象映射进行描述;通过多次蒙特卡洛仿真运行,根据各底事件发生概率定量计算出电力系统的可靠度统计值为99.624%,在一定程度上验证了所提可靠性分析方法的可行性。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.