基于混合优化算法的单分量磁性定位方法

为解决现有磁定位方法的定位精度较大程度上依赖于定位参数初始值估计精度的问题,提出了基于混合优化算法的单分量磁定位方法.首先利用舰船垂向磁场的衰减特性构造了相关系数函数,该函数与测量面上磁场的拟合误差函数共同组成了一种新的多目标规划函数,然后将微分进化算法与方向加速法相结合形成了混合优化算法,再利用该算法通过多目标规划函数确定最优的定位参数解.实验证明,对于未安装定位系统的半合作舰船,该定位方法利用磁传感器所测目标的垂向磁场,能较准确地确定舰船相对于磁传感器的位置,定位结果稳定可靠,定位精度较高.     

基于舰船磁场模型的离线磁定位研究

目前,海上舰船磁场测量试验获得的数据一般为时间通过曲线,不能直接用于舰船磁场建模。为了解决上述问题,利用遗传算法良好的全局搜索能力,在目标舰船运动参数未知、磁探头存在姿态角的情况下,实现了一种基于单旋转椭球体磁场模型的离线磁定位算法.计算结果表明,该方法效果良好。     

针对磁目标定位失效的改进欧拉定位方法

为解决在偶极子磁场空间中存在部分场点使得磁梯度张量矩阵奇异而导致利用常规欧拉法进行磁目标定位时发生定位失效的问题,以及增强欧拉法在磁偶极子全空间的定位稳定性及可靠性,提出了一种改进的欧拉定位方法。该方法扩展欧拉方程系数矩阵为超定矩阵的形式,得到关于磁目标位置参数的超定方程组,利用冗余的磁场信息实现位置参数的稳定求解。仿真分析结果表明:改进的方法可以有效解决定位失效的问题;进行移动测量时,若磁梯度计在测量基线上产生一定幅度的上下随机浮动或发生随机自转时,该方法依然能够有效实现对磁目标的稳定定位。     

面向动态毁伤概率和目标价值的武器目标分配方法

面向毁伤和目标价值动态变化条件下的大规模武器目标动态分配问题,提出了一种基于深度强化学习的武器目标分配求解方法。该方法采用双神经网络结构,基于武器目标分配目标函数设计了一套简单、直观的状态与奖励建模方法。通过仿真实验对所提方法进行了验证,结果表明,所提方法能够较快实现收敛,且整体毁伤和计算效率上优于基于粒子群的方法。所提方法能够有效应对毁伤概率和目标价值动态变化条件下的武器目标分配问题,说明了其良好的拓展性。该方法可应用于作战任务规划、仿真单元自动交火等场景下的武器目标分配快速求解。     

采用多种群搜索策略的微粒群算法调整消磁绕组

目前,常用的消磁系统调整方法一般都是针对舰艇磁场进行的,而较少考虑磁场梯度。为改善舰艇的磁隐身性能,应当同时考虑两者的有效衰减,由此确定的电流优化调整问题为多目标优化问题。为解决该问题,首先采用一种基于多种群搜索策略的微粒群算法分别求解两类目标函数的最优值,并将这两类最优值作为目标函数的归一化常数,然后选取一组适当的权重将多目标优化问题转化为单目标优化问题,并采用多种群微粒群算法求解该单目标优化问题。最后,采用一个典型的消磁系统优化调整问题来验证方法的有效性。实验结果表明:该方法不但能够实现舰船磁信号的削减,同时还能有效抑制舰船磁信号的波动。     

基于蚁群算法的径向基网络漏磁信号二维反演

利用蚁群算法的并行寻优特征和一种自适应调整挥发系数的方法,寻找径向基函数(RBF)网络基函数的中心点,能够大大提升网络的鲁棒性及训练速度.将优化算法下的RBF神经网络应用于漏磁信号的二维反演中,能够在训练样本较少的情况下快速地得到更为准确的缺陷模型,更好地满足了漏磁检测的实时性和在线性.实验结果表明,该方法能够达到预期...     

未知量测噪声分布下的CBMeMBer算法

针对目标跟踪过程中量测噪声概率分布等先验知识无法准确获取的问题,提出一种基于风险评估的势均衡多目标多伯努利(RE-CBMeMBer)滤波算法。采用CBMeMBer算法的序贯蒙特卡洛实现,在粒子预测后利用风险函数和评估函数计算粒子风险值,并用评估结果更新粒子权值。避免了计算似然函数且不依赖量测噪声的概率分布。仿真表明:与SMC-CBMeMBer算法相比,RE-CBMeMBer算法具有更好的实时性,特别是当量测噪声分布未知时,具有更高的跟踪精度和稳定性。     

一种基于磁偶极子模型的潜艇信号检测方法

针对航空磁探中目标矢量信号受到污染严重的情况.提出了远场磁性目标偶极子标量模型,将目标信号表示为三个非线性函数的线性叠加,给出了具体数学表达式,为了克服噪声影响,提高目标信号的检测概率,提出了一种基于信号子空间信号检测和参数估计新方法.该方法把实测信号向各个信号子空间投影,利用投影长度大小检测目标信号.最后,进行了计算...     

基于反卷积处理的Bartlett匹配场定位方法

为了降低Bartlett匹配场定位方法输出定位模糊函数背景级,提出了一种基于反卷积处理的Bartlett匹配场定位方法.该方法借助图像复原理论中的反卷积技术,在Bartlett匹配场定位方法基础上论述了点扩展函数设计过程;利用预设计的点扩展函数和二维反卷积技术,对Bartlett匹配场定位方法输出定位模糊函数进行反卷积处理,得到清晰定位模糊函数,降低了背景级及其导致的定位模糊问题.数值仿真结果表明,该方法通过对定位模糊函数进行反卷积处理,定位模糊函数背景级远低于Bartlett匹配场定位方法和MVDR匹配场定位方法;定位模糊函数背景级随着反卷积迭代次数增加而降低,函数峰值也变得更加"尖锐",具有更好的目标声源空间位置分布估计能力.     

基于DSP的运动目标跟踪技术在火控系统中的应用

介绍了基于DSP的运动目标跟踪系统的功能、组成,及其目标跟踪算法的实现.为了提高实时性和精确性,采用了相关匹配算法和粗-精算法相结合的方法,实现了对目标的快速跟踪.经过实验验证该算法简单、有效,保证了序列图像中运动目标跟踪的实时性.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.