基于实时变量逆矩阵求解的非线性MIMO解耦ADRC控制方法

非线性多输入多输出(MIMO)系统的解耦控制方法在控制理论和控制工程中都具有重要意义.非线性MIMO解耦自抗扰控制(ADRC)可以有效地解决这一问题,但它需要实时求解被测信号变量或高阶矩阵的逆.逆矩阵的求解是首要问题.在非线性MIMO解耦自抗扰控制中,将逆矩阵的求解问题总结为二阶、三阶、非方阵及变量高阶矩阵几类,并逐一给出解决方法.针对被测信号为变量的高阶矩阵,提出了一种基于高斯消元法的LU矩阵分解方法,可实时求解其逆矩阵.利用一个耦合系统的例子来测试这种方法的控制效果.仿真结果表明,采用逆矩阵法解耦的自抗扰控制器信号可以使控制系统快速达到平衡点.提出一种针对变量高阶矩阵的有效求逆方法,该方法既简单又能达到实时控制的效果,同时具有坚实的数学支持,完善了非线性MIMO解耦自抗扰控制的理论和方法,使其成为一种有效的非线性MIMO解耦控制方案.     

修正的马尔科夫转移矩阵自适应IMM算法

机动目标跟踪算法中,交互式多模型(IMM)算法是一种相当有效的方法.但该算法中存在Markov矩阵据先验知识给定且不变的问题.针对此问题,提出一种Markov矩阵自适应的IMM算法.该算法利用后验信息实时修正Markov矩阵,改善了位置和速度的滤波结果,使IMM算法的模型概率变化更加符合目标真实运动.经仿真验证,提出的算法具有更好的跟踪性能.     

多模型滤波器

本文研究了多模型滤波器的最优设计问题。多模型滤波器在跟踪目标时,使用了不同的局部模型。其中用到两个模型:常速(CV)和常加速(CA)模型。得到了保证最优多模型滤波存在的充分条件。这个问题是在开关增益是对角矩阵的条件下解决的。用一个模拟的目标轨迹对此滤波器的性能进行评估。     

基于子协方差阵加权的三星时差定位数据综合

为提高三星时差定位系统的定位精度,需要将系统在不同时间得到的多个定位估计结果进行统计综合。本文提出了一种基于子协方差阵加权的定位数据综合算法。该算法根据单点定位精度分析结果,先利用定位误差协方差的二维子阵的逆矩阵作为权矩阵,通过加权最小二乘估计目标空间三维坐标位置中的其中两维,再利用WGS-84地球模型求解另一维坐标。仿真实验表明,相比已有算法,所提新算法可以明显提高定位精度。     

基于多先验谱模型的低慢小目标子空间检测器

针对非均匀杂波环境下自适应检测低慢小目标时,信号特征难提取,有效训练样本受限的问题,将低慢小目标建模为多维子空间模型,提出了基于多先验谱模型的低慢小目标子空间检测器构造方法。该检测器使用纹理分量为逆伽马分布的复合高斯模型来描述杂波,利用多先验谱模型的线性组合来表示杂波协方差矩阵的逆,能在均匀和非均匀杂波背景下检测低慢小目标。仿真表明,该检测器比传统基于渐进最大似然估计协方差矩阵的检测器以及单独基于多先验谱和子空间的检测器性能更好,并且训练样本数不足的情况下保持很好的性能。     

基于TOA差值矩阵的雷达脉冲序列PRI识别方法

针对雷达脉冲序列的主要特点,利用TOA(脉冲到达时间)差值矩阵探索PRI(脉冲重复间隔)的识别问题.设计了一种新方法,首先由TOA序列求出TOA差值矩阵,再求出TOA差值矩阵的逆矩阵,分析TOA差值矩阵逆矩阵的特殊结构,得到PRI的识别结果.通过研究重频固定、脉冲丢失和重频参差三种情况下的PRI识别问题,说明了该方法用于雷达脉冲序列PRI识别的可行性.     

目标打击任务中多弹型的火力配置模型及优化计算

目前对于单弹型火力配置问题的解决方法比较成熟,但在现代战争中,经常是多种弹型联合使用,因此需要对多类型的导弹火力配置进行探讨。这里针对多种不同类型的导弹毁伤多个目标的问题进行具体分析,建立了导弹突击目标火力配置的数学模型。根据模型的特殊性,灵活运用遗传算法对模型进行了最优化求解。实例的计算结果表明该算法对于模型的求解具有较好的收敛性。     

基于神经网络的多模型机动目标跟踪方法研究

针对传统机动目标跟踪问题中存在的跟踪精确性低、参数适应性差、计算量大等问题,提出了一种基于径向基神经网络的多模型机动目标跟踪方法.首先,介绍了机动目标跟踪问题的基本原理、径向基神经网络模型及机动目标运动模型.然后,将提取的机动目标特征向量输入已训练好网络参数的神经网络中,与隐含层中由训练样本组成的输入矩阵比较并输出,通...     

一种结合弹道规律的模糊交互式多模型算法

针对交互式多模型算法中转移概率矩阵与实际运动不匹配而影响跟踪精度的问题,通过分析某型导弹的典型弹道,将弹道规律融合到模型概率转移矩阵中,然后将转移概率模糊化处理,提出了一种基于弹道规律的模糊交互式多模型算法,然后以导弹蛇形运动转至比例导引的机动过程为例进行了仿真验证,比较了典型交互式多模型算法和模糊交互式多模型算法的跟踪性能。仿真结果表明:该算法可显著提高导弹机动段的跟踪精度。     

多层弹道导弹防御体系射击策略研究

主要利用离散马尔可夫链(DTMC)对多层弹道导弹防御系统反导作战射击策略问题进行了研究.定义了多层弹道导弹防御体系防御层识别矩阵、拦截矩阵、综合防御能力矩阵等描述多层弹道导弹防御体系防御层作战能力的相关概念,建立了多层弹道导弹防御体系的DTMC模型.在此基础上,应用多层弹道导弹防御体系的DTMC模型对多层弹道导弹防御体系射击策略对作战效能的影响进行了预测分析,最后应用实例验证了模型的有效性及实用性.研究结果可为制定多层弹道导弹防御体系射击策略问题提供决策依据.     

Military expenditure and economic growth in Middle Eastern countries and Turkey: a non-linear panel data approach

The economic growth effects of military expenditure have been the subject of a large literature in defence economics. Theories on the economic impacts of military expenditure greatly differ and include arguments that they either enhance economic growth or crowd out productive investments. Empirical literature on defence expenditure and economic growth nexus generally employs linear specifications to investigate the impact of defence expenditures on economic growth. Although it is now well established that many economic variables may have a non-linear data-generating mechanism, it seems that this reality has long been neglected in empirical work on defence–growth nexus. This paper attempts to fill this gap by employing non-linear panel data models to examine the effects of military expenditures on economic growth for Middle Eastern countries and Turkey, for the time period 1988–2012. Results show that the effect of military expenditure on economic growth is nonlinear such that the state of the economy actually determines the effect of the former on the latter. This is important not only in showing asymmetric relationship between these variables but also in revealing the reasons of mixed results of earlier literature.     

Effects of lethality in naval combat models

In the context of both discrete time salvo models and continuous time Lanchester models we examine the effect on naval combat of lethality: that is, the relative balance between the offensive and defensive attributes of the units involved. We define three distinct levels of lethality and describe the distinguishing features of combat for each level. We discuss the implications of these characteristics for naval decision‐makers; in particular, we show that the usefulness of the intuitive concept “more is better” varies greatly depending on the lethality level. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004.     

Defense spending and economic growth across the Taiwan straits: a threshold regression model

This paper employs both linear and non‐linear models to investigate the relationship between national defense spending and economic growth for Taiwan and China. Using data from 1953–2000 on defense spending, GDP, import, export and capital, we find that China's defense spending leads that of Taiwan. There exists the phenomenon of an arms race between both countries when official Chinese data are used. On the one hand, feedback relations prevail between economic growth and defense spending growth in Taiwan. On the other hand, China's national defense is found to lead economic growth.     

Ambulance location for maximum survival

This article proposes new location models for emergency medical service stations. The models are generated by incorporating a survival function into existing covering models. A survival function is a monotonically decreasing function of the response time of an emergency medical service (EMS) vehicle to a patient that returns the probability of survival for the patient. The survival function allows for the calculation of tangible outcome measures—the expected number of survivors in case of cardiac arrests. The survival‐maximizing location models are better suited for EMS location than the covering models which do not adequately differentiate between consequences of different response times. We demonstrate empirically the superiority of the survival‐maximizing models using data from the Edmonton EMS system. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

Reformulating linear programs with transportation constraints—With applications to workforce scheduling

We study linear programming models that contain transportation constraints in their formulation. Typically, these models have a multistage nature and the transportation constraints together with the associated flow variables are used to achieve consistency between consecutive stages. We describe how to reformulate these models by projecting out the flow variables. The reformulation can be more desirable since it has fewer variables and can be solved faster. We apply these ideas to reformulate two well‐known workforce staffing and scheduling problems: the shift scheduling problem and the tour scheduling problem. We also present computational results. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004.     

多约束条件的雷达组网系统部署决策问题

分层次地建立了雷达组网系统的整体探测能力指标及雷达单元间的威力衔接指标模型.并对区域雷达组网系统的优化部署方法进行了深入研究和仿真验证.仿真表明,在部署决策过程中,基于所述模型,可建立科学有效的约束条件,从而大大缩小部署寻优的解空间,提高了优化部署实施的效率和可操作性.     

The long term effects of an aging fleet on operational availability and cost: evidence from the U.S. coast guard

This paper empirically examines whether the aging of a fleet affects operational availability and operating cost using a unique data-set on the 117 47-foot Motor Lifeboats (MLBs) of the United States Coast Guard (USCG). Procured from 1997 to 2003, the 47-foot MLB is the standard lifeboat of the USCG and all 117 MLBs remain in service. The aging of the MLB fleet has resulted in higher annual operating costs and lower operational availability, although the nature of this relationship remains unclear. Our estimation strategy utilizes an error components estimator to examine these issues. We employ three variants of the dependent variables (i.e. the standard logarithmic transformation as is most commonly seen in the literature, inverse hyperbolic sine [IHS], and level outcomes). The point estimates from the standard logarithmic model finds operational availability for the MLBs decreases at a rate between 0.83 and 1.8% per year and cost increases at a rate between 0.33 and 7.81% per year. Similar effects are shown with the IHS and level outcome specifications. In terms of nonlinearity effects, we find the most pronounced changes in operational availability and cost occur for MLBs aged 15 years or more (in comparison to younger MLBs).     

Groebner基下分离子插值函数模型

给出Groebner基下建立分离子插值函数模型的方法。对于任意离散时间序列可在字典序下找到相关分离子,并用此分离子构建该离散时间序列的函数模型,及其满足所给点列的多元插值函数。通过实例说明了模型建立过程。     

激波诱导惰性堆积粉尘运动的建模及数值模拟

基于空间平均的双流体模型 ,引入描述颗粒脉动速度的粒化温度 ,建立颗粒相的本构方程 ,将粒化温度模型推广到解决高速流动问题。采用AUSM+ 有限差分法 ,数值模拟激波在一定厚度的惰性粉尘床中传播及诱导粉尘颗粒运动的过程。结果表明 ,粒化温度模型较好地描述了这一过程 ,证实了此模型在处理稠密颗粒高速流动和流场存在强间断中的可行性     

一类极小能控制与广义样条函数

本文讨论由一般微分方程确定的时不变线性系统的一类极小能控制问题。首先,通过引入降阶逆向系统揭示了原系统的输入与输出是由某个积分-微分算子联系着的,并利用该算子建立了极小能控制与广义样条的联系;然后在对于输出端的一类较广泛的约束条件下,导出了其输出空间与文[1]的输出空间具有类似的构造性质,从而建立了与文[1]类似的投影公式与递推公式。