铁粉焊条熔化过程中基本参数研究

通过试验研究了焊条直径和铁粉加入量对焊条熔化参数的影响.试验结果表明,焊条直径增加,焊条药皮重量系数、熔敷效率增加,熔化速度和熔敷速度降低;熔敷金属中合金元素Mn、Si含量增加,但Mn、Si的过渡系数减小.当增加药皮中铁粉加入量,药皮重量系数、熔敷效率和熔敷速度增加,熔化速度降低,由于铁粉的稀释作用使熔敷金属中合金元素Mn、Si含量及过渡系数降低.     

碱性焊条药皮处理条件对焊缝金属扩散氢影响的研究

对降低手工焊条熔敷金属扩散氢的研究多是从原材料及冶金方面考虑的,在工艺上则统一要求焊条烘干后立即使用.这样,焊条从出厂到被使用过程中总会被烘干2～3次,这种重复烘干对扩散氢的影响尚未有人探讨过.针对这种情况,研究了碱性焊条在不同药皮处理条件(主要是烘干次数不同)下焊缝金属中的扩散氢.试验结果及分析表明,经重复烘干─吸潮─烘干处理后,焊条药皮中吸水性强的Na+吸水行为受到限制,从而熔敷金属中的扩散氢显著降低.     

回转体壁面喷气出流均匀度影响因素分析

为改善喷气出漉均匀度从而提高减阻率,采用数值模拟的方法,研究了总进气流量、滤板、,喷孔大小、出口背压等因素对喷气装王出口流量分布的影响.敷值计算结果表明:较小的喷孔可大幅提高出口气流均匀度;在喷孔直径较大时(3 mm),加装滤板有一定的整流作用,增加滤板层敷对出口流量均匀度改善不大;喷孔直径较小时(0.8 mm).加装滤板对出口流量分布影响不大,可以不使用滤板;出口背压沿浸深线性分布使出口流量向背压低的喷孔偏移,出口背压小的喷孔流量大,出口背压大的喷孔流量小;总进气流量增大,出口流量均匀性提高.     

药皮焊条焊缝脱硫的研究

通过理论分析及实验,探讨了手工电弧焊焊条药皮中添加金属镁粉的脱硫效果。研究表明：金属镁粉对焊缝金属的脱硫是有较明显效果的。     

最佳生物除磷条件探讨

探讨了当污泥负荷改变时，同步除磷脱氮SBR污水处理系统的生物除磷率下降幅度明显高于有机物和总氮去除率下降幅度的原因；提出了提高该工艺除磷率的新对策。研究表明，由于污泥中除磷微生物的比例较低、除磷微生物的生存能力和适应性很差、能够严重降低除磷率的工艺环节多，因此，操作条件改变对除磷率的不利影响远大于对有机物和总氮去除率的影响；保持操作条件稳定，是SBR系统获得良好除磷效果的前提。     

再生冷却通道结构参数对碳氢燃料流量分配影响

以液体火箭发动机再生冷却技术为背景,采用数值模拟方法对Z-type型并联通道流量分配特性进行研究,分析了通道数、通道截面形状及入口汇流结构对流量分配特性的影响。研究结果表明:在冷却通道总流通面积相同的情况下,随着再生冷却系统通道数的增加,流量分配不均匀度系数从2.59%降低至0.5%,相同流通面积下增加通道数可以有效提高流量分配的均匀程度。通道截面形状对流量分配不均匀度系数影响不大,其影响主要表现在通道内部流体速度分布及换热面积上。从换热效果看,梯形截面构型要优于矩形构型。入口汇流结构倾斜角有利于流量的均匀性分布。该研究对于再生冷却通道结构设计具有一定参考价值。     

吸油树脂的脱油和再生研究

采用溶剂萃取法,以乙醇为萃取溶剂,研究了三种聚甲基丙烯酸酯类-苯乙烯吸油树脂的脱油和再生性能,并采用红外光谱(FTIR)、热重分析(TG)和扫描电镜(SEM)对三种吸油树脂再生前后的结构进行了表征。结果表明:三种吸油树脂的脱油率随着萃取时间的增加不断增大,在25min时脱油率达到最大值;萃取时间对树脂回收率影响很小;三种吸油树脂的再生吸油率和脱油率随再生次数的增加而降低,但树脂回收率随再生次数的增加改变量很小。     

焊接工艺对熔敷金属韧性的影响

探讨了改变焊接工艺对焊条熔敷金属冲击韧性的影响．研究表明：改变焊接工艺,将通过改变熔敷金属的化学成分,影响熔敷金属的强度和韧性;降低焊接线能量时,将降低熔敷金属中的氧含量及其氧化夹杂物的数量和大小,从而提高熔敷金属的韧性     

Mg／PTFE／添加剂红外诱饵剂的红外辐射性能研究

研究了Mg／PTFE／添加剂红外诱饵剂的压药直径和压药密度对红外辐射性能的影响。在同一种配方下,经过试验发现辐射强度同质量燃烧速度成线性关系;辐射强度随着压药密度的增加而减小,最后趋于稳定;有效辐射率随着压药密度和压药直径的改变变化不大,表明压药密度和压药直径对有效辐射率基本没有影响。     

GMAW焊接熔敷成形中电弧对熔池热与力作用的数值模拟分析

电弧对熔池的热与力作用直接影响到熔化极气体保护焊(Gas Metal Arc Welding,GMAW)熔敷成形的精度与质量。通过数值模拟方法研究电弧对熔池热与力的作用规律,有助于提高熔敷成形精度与质量。结合流体动力学理论与多物理场耦合分析有限元技术,建立了GMAW焊接电弧的3维数值分析模型,计算分析了熔滴过渡过程对熔池表面处热流密度与电弧力的影响情况。结果表明:电弧中的熔滴降低了熔池表面上的最大热流密度与电弧力;当电弧中没有熔滴及熔滴距离焊丝端部较近时,熔池表面处的热流密度及电弧力基本呈高斯分布;而当熔滴与焊丝端部距离进一步增大时,热流密度及电弧力均不再呈高斯分布,最大热流密度及电弧力都没有发生在电弧轴线位置。     

Gas metal arc welding of high nitrogen stainless steel with Ar-N2-O2 ternary shielding gas

High nitrogen stainless steel with nitrogen content of 0.75％was welded by gas metal arc welding with Ar—N2-O2 ternary shielding gas. The effect of the ternary shielding gas on the retention and improvement of nitrogen content in the weld was identified. Surfacing test was conducted first to compare the ability of O2 and CO2 in prompting nitrogen dissolution. The nitrogen content of the surfacing metal with O2 is slightly higher than CO2. And then Ar—N2-O2 shielding gas was applied to weld high nitrogen stainless steel. After using N2-containing shielding gas, the nitrogen content of the weld was improved by 0.1 wt％. As N2 continued to increase, the increment of nitrogen content was not obvious, but the ferrite decreased from the top to the bottom. When the proportion of N2 reached 20％, a full austenitic weld was obtained and the tensile strength was improved by 8.7％. Combined with the results of surfacing test and welding test, it is concluded that the main effect of N2 is to inhibit the escape of nitrogen and suppress the ni-trogen diffusion from bottom to the top in the molten pool.     

某型弹药电磁耦合的仿真分析

利用电磁仿真软件FEKO建立了某型弹药模型和所需的电磁场环境,对某型弹药的电磁耦合规律进行仿真分析。仿真结果表明：在弹体内,中部位置由于金属连接底的影响,电场强度发生突变。弹药壳体顶部的电场与外界基本一致。内部引信位置电场强度与原电场强度相比有所衰减,但是不如内部其他位置明显。弹体内部电场强度在120 MHz和560 MHz处衰减较小;在弹体外部,存在着沿z轴和x轴方向强弱交替的电场。     

Fabrication and analysis of TIG welding-brazing butt joints of in-situ TiB2/7050 composite and TA2

Lightweight hybrid structures of Al MMCs and titanium alloy dissimilar materials have great prospect in the defence industry application. So, it is necessary to join Al MMCs with Ti metal to achieve this structural design. In this work, in-situ TiB2/7050 composite and TA2 were firstly attempted to join by TIG welding-brazing technique. The result was that the intact welding-brazing butt joint was successfully fabricated. The joint presents dual characteristics, being a brazing on TA2 side and a welding on TiB2/7050 side. At brazing joint side, ER4043 filler metal effectively wets on TA2 under TIG heating condition, and a continuous interfacial reaction layer with 1—3μm is formed at welded metal/TA2 interface. The whole interfacial reaction layers are composed of Ti(AlSi)3 intermetallic compounds (IMCs), but their morphologies at the different regions present obvious distinguishes. The microhardness of the reaction layers is as much as 141—190 HV. At welding joints side, the fusion zone appears the equixaed crystal structure, and the grain sizes are much smaller than those of welded metal, which is attributed to the effect of TiB2 particulates from the melted TiB2/7050 on acceleration formation and inhibiting growth for the new crystal nucleus. The tensile test results show that average tensile strength of the optimal welding-brazing joint is able to achieve 138 MPa. The failure of the tensile joint occurs by quasi-cleavage pattern, and the cracks initiate from the IMCs layer at the groove surface of TA2 and propagate into the welded metal.     

横向运动板干扰聚能射流的数值模拟

基于有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA和LS-PREPOST,用ALE算法对射流垂直侵彻横向运动防护板的过程进行模拟分析。防护板在不同速度下干扰射流时,对防护板和后效板上的开坑形状进行分析,并计算后效板上的最终侵深及射流轴线上的速度降,得到射流在横向防护板作用下后效板侵深及射流轴线上的速度降随防护板速度变化的曲线。结果表明,防护板抗射流侵彻能力随防护板速度的增加而增强,尤其是防护板横向速度在0～100m/s增加时,抗射流侵彻能力增强较为明显。     

Friction welding of AA6061 to AISI 4340 using silver interlayer

The present work pertains to the study on joining of AA6061 and AISI 4340 through continuous drive friction welding. The welds were evaluated by metallographic examination, X-ray diffraction, electron probe microanalysis, tensile test and microhardness. The study reveals that the presence of an intermetallic compound layer at the bonded interface exhibits poor tensile strength and elongation. Mg in AA6061 near to the interface is found to be favourable for the formation and growth of Fe2Al5 intermetallics. Introduction of silver as an interlayer through electroplating on AISI 4340 resulted in accumulation of Si at weld interface, replacing Mg at AA6061 side, thereby reducing the width of intermetallic compound layer and correspondingly increasing the tensile strength. Presence of silver at the interface results in partial replacement of Fe-Al based intermetallic compounds with Ag-Al based compounds. The presence of these intermetallics was confirmed by X-ray diffraction technique. Since Ag-Al phases are ductile in nature, tensile strength is not deteriorated and the silicon segregation at weld interface on AA6061 in the joints with silver interlayer acts as diffusion barrier for Fe and further avoids formation of Fe-Al based intermetallics. A maximum tensile strength of 240 MPa along with 4.9% elongation was obtained for the silver interlayer dissimilar metal welds. The observed trends in tensile properties and hardness were explained in relation to the microstructure.     

基于有限元分析的金属套／陶瓷柱外伸式过盈连接应力分布规律

以45^#金属套和氮化硅陶瓷柱为研究对象，采用有限元法分析了不同过盈量下金属套／陶瓷柱外伸式过盈连接的应力分布规律。结果表明：陶瓷柱在接触边缘均存在明显的边缘效应，轴向应力梯度较大；金属套在接触边缘内侧存在显著的应力集中，其值远大于对应位置陶瓷柱的压应力，易于导致陶瓷材料破坏。采用热胀法进行了试验验证，过盈连接试样均在12h内发生自然断裂，较好地验证了有限元分析结果。     

转型期武警综合大学学科专业建设浅探

对照教育教学转型的要求,武警综合大学学科专业建设主要面临教育理念转变滞后、学科优势不够明显、新增专业基础薄弱三大困境。下一步学科专业转型中,要更新理念,科学谋划学科专业建设布局;找准定位,突出培植武警特色学科专业;全面发展,融合构建新型学科专业体系;健全机制,合理配置学科专业建设资源;加强科研,积极促进学科专业创新发展。     

焊接切割与火灾

焊割火灾事故呈上升趋势。文章分析了焊割火灾爆炸危险性,并提出了预防措施。