反导作战指控系统对TBM毁伤效果评估*

初步研究了反导作战指控系统对于TBM毁伤效果评估的过程和依据。以动能杀伤器（KKV）为研究对象,首先分析了KKV脱靶量和杀伤模型,在此基础上,对反导指控系统对TBM的毁伤准则和毁伤效果评估进行了研究并给出了一般TBM毁伤判断流程,最后举例以KKV导引头作用距离和噪声对脱靶量的影响分析研究了达到直接碰撞杀伤的条件。     

反导作战指控系统对TBM毁伤效果评估

初步研究了反导作战指控系统对于TBM毁伤效果评估的过程和依据。以动能杀伤器（KKV）为研究对象,首先分析了KKV脱靶量和杀伤模型,在此基础上,对反导指控系统对TBM的毁伤准则和毁伤效果评估进行了研究并给出了一般TBM毁伤判断流程,最后举例以KKV导引头作用距离和噪声对脱靶量的影响分析研究了达到直接碰撞杀伤的条件。     

美国动能反卫星武器

动能武器是一种发射弹道或寻的制导的高速运动拦截弹头的、以其整体或爆炸的碎片直接碰撞毁伤目标的太空武器。上个世纪80年代初美国首次提出这类武器概念,用于拦截弹道导弹和攻击军用卫星,主要由拦截弹头和高速发射装置组成。拦截弹头通常是寻的制导式,由红外或雷达探测器、计算机、制导和通信系统、杀伤机构以及推进、控制系统等部分组成,但也可以是弹道     

动能拦截弹弹目碰撞概率仿真建模技术

针对目前研究反导拦截的主要方式——直接碰撞杀伤技术,提出了一种动能拦截弹弹目碰撞计算模型用以进行动能拦截弹与目标碰撞的概率计算,拦截弹碰撞目标的要害部位分析以及不同交会姿态对碰撞概率的影响分析.此模型是直接动能杀伤目标毁伤评估建模的基础,也可用于对拦截弹最佳碰撞方式的研究等方面.     

面向远火面压制的阵地体系生存效能评估

为满足阵地战时毁伤规律研究需要,以阵地体系为研究对象,从系统的角度出发,探究阵地体系目标生存效能与物理毁伤的映射关系,构建阵地体系生存效能评估模型,并运用蒙特卡洛方法实现阵地目标毁伤模拟,给阵地体系目标的毁伤量化评估与防护决策提供了依据.     

基于毁伤能力匹配的弹药需求量确定模型

针对弹药需求预计中缺少弹药目标毁伤基础数据的问题,分析弹药目标毁伤机理,考虑多种毁伤效应共同作用,提出弹药毁伤能力与目标抗毁伤能力,首次从毁伤效应的角度入手,运用理论计算,建立基于毁伤能力匹配的弹药需求量确定模型,得到一种弹药打击一个目标所需的弹药数量,即单目标单弹种的弹药需求量。该模型为弹药需求预计提供了基础数据,提升了弹药需求预计的准确性和科学性。     

脱壳穿甲弹毁伤JDAM分析及计算模型

通过对联合直接攻击弹药(Joint Direct Attack Munition,简称JDAM)的结构和零部件的特性分析,结合终点弹道学,弹药毁伤效应等理论,借鉴国内外专业机构对弹药毁伤及目标易损性研究的数学公式,建立了JDAM等效毁伤模型;分析某型高炮采用脱壳穿甲弹对联合直接攻击弹药的毁伤过程和毁伤机理,建立了脱壳穿甲弹对JDAM的毁伤计算模型,并进行了仿真模拟。     

动能杀伤威力增强装置技术研究

针对当前高精度动能反导中的拦截模式,分析了采用单一直接碰撞杀伤存在的局限性,论证了直接碰撞杀伤威力增强对反导拦截毁伤效果、适用精度、应对目标方面的显著优点,进一步分析了相关关键技术,总结了国内外的研究成果,为反导战斗部的方案论证提供参考。     

弹炮结合武器系统末端反导毁伤评估方法研究

以反舰导弹在弹炮结合武器系统防御末端舰炮拦截情况下的毁伤评估为研究方向,提出了一种在小口径舰炮作用下,基于命中能力及命中后毁伤效能的反舰导弹毁伤评估方法。从统计学角度分析了弹丸从发射到命中后毁伤过程,建立了相应模型并进行了仿真分析。本研究对反舰导弹在近程反导武器系统作用下的易损性评估提供了一种新的研究思路。     

防护工程功能毁伤评估模型研究

目前，防护工程功能毁伤评估模型在全面性和系统性上都存在不足。为解决这一问题，本文采用层次分析思想对防护工程各层级关系进行了梳理，构建了一种物理毁伤与功能毁伤相结合的函数关系，并在功能关系基础上，采用毁伤树模型研究了子系统及目标系统功能毁伤计算方法。通过对孔口防护设备功能毁伤、口部防护系统功能毁伤以及工事出入口功能毁伤等具体问题的分析，阐述了目标系统功能毁伤评估模型的建立方法。该方法在防护工程升级改造的指导中得到了成功的应用，为量化描述系统功能性毁伤奠定了基础。     

Damage behavior of the KKV direct hit against fluid-filled submunition payload

The damage effects of fluid-filled submunition payload impacted by the kinetic kill vehicle (KKV) are investigated by simulations and ground-based experiments. Numerical simulations showed that the damage level and number of submunitions were significantly influenced by the diameter of the KKV compared with its length. Based on that, a high velocity penetrator formed by shaped charge explosion was used to simulate the direct hit experiment of a KKV impacting submunition payload. Experimental results demonstrated that the damage modes of submunitions mainly included the slight damage, perforation and total smash, showing a good agreement with the simulations. To understand the multiple damage modes of submunitions, the damage behavior of the submunitions in direct hit process were analyzed based on the AUTODYN-3D code. Numerical results presented that increased KKV diameter can increase the crater diameter and expand the damage volume, which will achieve a higher direct hit lethality. Further analysis indicated that there were other mechanical behaviors can enhance the damage to submunitions not lying in the KKV flight path, such as secondary debris kill, neighboring submunitions collision with each other, and high-speed fluid injection effect.     

Hypersonic impact flash characteristics of a long-rod projectile collision with a thin plate target

Impact flash occurs when objects collide at supersonic speeds and can be used for real-time damage assessment when weapons rely on kinetic energy to destroy targets.However,the mechanism of impact flash remains unclear.A series of impact flash experiments of flat-head long-rod projectiles impacting thin target plates were performed with a two-stage light gas gun.The impact flash spectra for 6061 aluminum at 1.3-3.2 km/s collision speeds were recorded with a high-speed camera,a photoelectric sensor,and a time-resolved spectrometer.The intensity of the impact flash exhibited a pulse charac-teristic with time.The intensity(I)increased with impact velocity(V0)according to I∝Vn0,where n = 4.41 for V0 ＞ 2 km/s.However,for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,n = 2.21,and the intense flash duration is an order of magnitude less than that of higher V0.When V0 ＞ 2 km/s,a continuous spectrum(thermal radiation background)was observed and increased in intensity with V0.However,for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,only atomic line spectra were detected.There was no aluminum spectral lines for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,which indicated that it had not been vaporized.The initial intense flash was emission from excited and ionized ambient gases near the impact surface,and had little relationship with shock temperature rise,indicating a new mechanism of impact flash.     

多轴特种车辆轮胎系统抗毁伤能力等毁线表征方法

为了探究战场威胁下多轴特种车辆轮胎系统的生存概率,对轮胎系统的抗毁伤能力进行量化表征,提出了一种基于等毁线的轮胎系统抗毁伤能力表征方法。针对轮胎毁伤状态下对整车的影响,基于车辆动力学对轮胎系统的力学特性进行量化表征,建立了轮胎系统功能毁伤的计算模型;采用毁伤理论对冲击波超压场进行弹目交会和量化分析,建立了轮胎系统物理毁伤的计算模型;根据爆心与车辆的位置关系,采用面向车辆全面域的计算特征线,建立了轮胎系统等毁线计算模型。以某型五轴特种车辆为例,进行了表征方法验证。研究结果表明:该表征方法可应用于战场威胁下多轴特种车辆轮胎系统的抗毁伤能力表征,为后续机动规避和防护能力提升奠定模型基础。     

Damage modeling of ballistic penetration and impact behavior of concrete panel under low and high velocities

This work presents a numerical simulation of ballistic penetration and high velocity impact behavior of plain and reinforced concrete panels. This paper is divided into two parts. The first part consists of numerical modeling of reinforced concrete panel penetrated with a spherical projectile using concrete damage plasticity (CDP) model, while the second part focuses on the comparison of CDP model and Johnson-Holmquist-2 (JH-2) damage model and their ability to describe the behavior of concrete panel under impact loads. The first and second concrete panels have dimensions of 1500 mm × 1500 mm × 150 mm and 675 mm × 675 mm × 200 mm, respectively, and are meshed using 8-node hexahedron solid elements. The impact object used in the first part is a spherical projectile of 150 mm diameter, while in the second part steel projectile of a length of 152 mm is modeled as rigid element. Failure and scabbing characteristics are studied in the first part. In the second part, the com-parison results are presented as damage contours, kinetic energy of projectile and internal energy of the concrete. The results revealed a severe fracture of the panel and high kinetic energy of the projectile using CDP model comparing to the JH-2 model. In addition, the internal energy of concrete using CDP model was found to be less comparing to the JH-2 model.     

Damage mechanics and energy absorption capabilities of naturalfiber reinforced elastomeric based bio composite for sacrificial structural applications

The present study deals with the experimental, finite element (FE) and analytical assessment of low ballistic impact response of proposedflexible'green' composite make use of naturally available jute and rubber as the constituents of the composite with stacking sequences namely jute/rubber/jute (JRJ), jute/rubber/rubber/jute (JRRJ) and jute/rubber/jute/rubber/jute (JRJRJ). Ballistic impact tests were carried out by firing a conical projectile using a gas gun apparatus at lower range of ballistic impact regime. The ballistic impact response of the proposed flexible composites are assesses based on energy absorption and damage mechanism. Results revealed that inclusion of natural rubber aids in better energy ab-sorption and mitigating the failure of the proposed composite. Among the three different stacking se-quences of flexible composites considered, JRJRJ provides better ballistic performance compared to its counterparts. The damage study reveals that the main mechanism of failure involved in flexible com-posites is matrix tearing as opposed to matrix cracking in stiff composites indicating that the proposedflexible composites are free from catastrophic failure. Results obtained from experimental, FE and analytical approach pertaining to energy absorption and damage mechanism agree well with each other. The proposed flexible composites due to their exhibited energy absorption capabilities and damage mechanism are best suited as claddings for structural application subjected to impact with an aim of protecting the main structural component from being failed catastrophically.     

一维三体碰撞过程的数值实验研究

力学中常常将物体之间的相互作用描述为碰撞过程,两体碰撞模型广泛地运用于处理各种物理问题,然而现实世界中普遍存在着多体碰撞.文中建立了三体碰撞过程的动力学方程组,对一维完全弹性三体碰撞进行了数值实验研究.研究结果表明,三体碰撞物体的分离速度与物体之间相互作用过程的细节有关,一般情况下不能简化为相继的两次两体碰撞求解.