Strategic Defense And Attack For Series And Parallel Reliability Systems: Rejoinder

In our original comment, we showed that Hausken's characterization of Nash equilibrium is invalid for much of the parameter space examined and provided necessary conditions for his solution to hold. Most of the comments in his reply are either tangential or irrelevant. However, several of the claims made in the reply reveal continuing misunderstandings and gaps in his understanding. In this rejoinder, we briefly clarify the fundamental issues.     

From stopping to preventing atrocities

The Constitutive Act of the African Union (AU) provides for the right of the continental body to intervene in the face of war crimes, genocide and crimes against humanity. According to its formulation, Article 4(h) intervention entails military force, which is triggered when a target state fails to discharge its duty to protect its population from mass atrocities. Although Article 4(h) is an ambitious statutory commitment to intervene in a member state by the AU, the Libyan crisis in 2011 showed the ambivalence of the continental institution to act in a decisive and timely manner. The AU's failure to invoke Article 4(h) exposed the need for building the capacity and political will to intervene and to interpret Article 4(h). Therefore, the primary focus of this article is on how Article 4(h) should be interpreted. Flowing from the Pretoria Principles, which seek to provide clarity on the implementation of the AU's right of intervention, Article 4(h) should be viewed as a duty rather than a right to prevent or stop mass atrocities. The duty dimension of Article 4(h) derives from the international instruments that AU member states have ratified to prevent mass atrocities. Rather than being a paper tiger, Article 4(h) should be used in a proactive and timely manner as a military option available to the AU to persuade member states to prevent or halt atrocities. As a last resort, military force pursuant to Article 4(h) should aim at protecting the population at risk and pursuing the perpetrators in order to avoid contravening Article 2(4) of the Charter of the United Nations (UN). Although military intervention can save lives in the short term, it cannot necessarily address the underlying, structural causes of atrocities, such as ethnic rivalries, economic inequalities and scramble for natural resources, among others. Therefore, the prevention of mass atrocities should not be equated with, or be seen through the prism of, Article 4(h) intervention alone. The focus should instead be on the entire spectrum of preventive strategies at the disposal of the AU in the face of mass atrocities, including the African human rights system and the African Peer Review Mechanism.     

水下航行体热尾流数值预报方法研究

研究了水下航行体红外隐身性等问题,提出了一种可对水下航行体热尾流进行数值预报的方法。在已建立了水下热尾流数学模型及海面热尾流红外辐射大气传输模型的基础上,采用几何投影的方法,确定机载红外成像器件焦平面上各个探测像元所对应的海面辐射区域,进而计算出探测器焦平面上每个探测像元所接收到的红外辐射能量,最后根据每个探测像元所接收到的红外辐射能量绘制伪彩色红外图像。按此方法在WindowXP平台上选用VC 6.0结合FLUENT及MODTRAN等专业软件,建立数据库,编写了仿真程序,可以对水下航行体的热尾流进行数值预报。     

埋地储罐抗浮性能分析与评估

通过分析埋地储罐在不同覆土状态下所受的浮力和覆土重力,对几种常用规格埋地储罐的抗浮能力以及影响抗浮性能的因素进行了分析比较,指出了使用现有抗浮计算公式存在的问题,提出埋地储罐的抗浮验算新方法,并说明了工程中常用的埋地储罐抗浮措施.     

粗糙模糊C-均值算法及其在图像聚类中的应用

提出一种新的粗糙模糊C均值算法(RFCM),该算法基于粗糙集的上、下近似的概念改进了FCM的目标函数,从而改变了隶属度函数的分布,使得隶属度函数的分布更加合理,同时RFCM的时间复杂性比FCM更低。将RFCM用于图像的聚类,相对于FCM算法,图像的边缘更光滑,同时对初始隶属度矩阵敏感度更低。该算法具有较好的稳定性,是一种实用的算法。     

3维C/SiC-ZrC复合材料的制备及其性能研究

针对超高温环境应用需求,采用化学气相渗透工艺(CVI)与先驱体浸渍-裂解工艺(PIP)联用制备了3维碳纤维增强SiC-ZrC基复合材料(C/SiC-zrC),并研究了SiC含量对C/SiC-ZrC复合材料力学性能、抗氧化性能和抗烧蚀性能的影响.结果表明,随着SiC含量的增加,C/SiC-ZrC复合材料的强度逐渐降低,静...     

An asymptotically optimal inspection policy

An inspection model in life testing situations is discussed. The system under study is assumed to consist on n independent components all of which fail independently in an exponential fashion. Failures can be discovered only through inspection. The experimenter is assumed to lack the knowledge of the parameter of the exponential distribution. A stochastic sequential inspection policy is suggested which uses the data collected through experimentation to estimate the unknown parameter. It is shown that this policy is asymptotically optimal. Some numerical demonstrations are included.     

自动导向车控制系统的数学模型及应用

本文提出自动导向车偏差控制系统的数学模型。文章首先研究自动导向车的运动特性,分析偏差量与车轮速度的关系,在此基础上导出它的动态结构图。它是一个多输入多输出的非线性系统。然后通过小偏差线性化方法,把它简化成线性单输入数学模型。该数学模型应用于激光导向无人小车,获得较好的运行控制效果。     

防空作战风险决策分析

防空作战决策活动具有极强的风险性。以决策者面对风险的态度为突破点,通过建立效用曲线并在最大效用原则下对有关决策问题进行优化,在一定程度上可大大降低决策方案的风险性。同时对于防空体系设计也具有一定的参考价值。     

流动注射分析法测定成烟产物中的Zn^2＋

采用流动注射分析技术建立了Zn^2＋的FIA分析方法．谊分析方法可行、简便。其数据可靠,具有较好的选择性和重现性．样品测定频率大于30个／h;在1．0～5．0mg／L范围内呈良好的线性关系,γ=0．9999;回收率大于98%．实现了烟幕剂成烟产物中Zn^2＋的快速定量测定．