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We consider the infinite horizon serial inventory system with both average cost and discounted cost criteria. The optimal echelon base‐stock levels are obtained in terms of only probability distributions of leadtime demands. This analysis yields a novel approach for developing bounds and heuristics for optimal inventory control polices. In addition to deriving the known bounds in literature, we develop several new upper bounds for both average cost and discounted cost models. Numerical studies show that the bounds and heuristic are very close to optimal.© 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007 相似文献
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庞坤 《中国人民武装警察部队学院学报》2007,23(4):88-89
极限是微积分学的核心概念。极限概念及其发展过程中充满辨证思维,蕴含着深刻的哲学思想,体现了辨证法的联系论、对立统一律、否定之否定律。 相似文献
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为解决用水力测功器实现螺旋桨高海情下动态负载模拟的难题,首先给出了问题的数学描述并从工程应用角度做了适当简化,完成了开环辨识试验和神经网络建模;然后基于模型预测控制的基本原理进行了水力测功器模拟螺旋桨高海情负载的神经网络预测控制研究;仿真研究结果证明,文中所提方法确实有效,可用于水力测功器建模及动态加载控制。 相似文献
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辅助变量的选择包括变量类型、数量及检测点的选择,是软测量建模的第一步,直接关系到软测量质量的好坏.针对活性污泥法,从微生物生长繁殖的角度出发,探讨了各要素对于微生物生长活动能力的影响及其相互关系,通过影响力大小及相互间耦合性的复杂程度选取辅助变量的原则,完成了污水处理辅助变量类型的初选,并对辅助变量的精选进行了讨论. 相似文献
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为解决无控制点场景参考相位的快速估计问题,对影响参考相位的因素进行理论分析,给出参考相位与影响因素的解析关系式。结合系统参数进行仿真分析,分析参考相位对高程误差的影响。根据分析结果,结合外部粗精度高程数据、滤波后的干涉相位及相干系数,提出高精度参考相位快速估计算法,并给出算法详细实现流程。对实际机载双天线干涉合成孔径雷达系统获取的数据进行处理,结果表明:算法在文中的系统参数下可以达到优于2 m的相对高程精度,处理4096×6560像素的数据块时,参考相位估计速度至少增大20倍。 相似文献
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为减少远程Cache访问延迟,提高共享存储系统的性能,提出了一种新的基于程序内在写突发特性的最后一次写访问预测方法,并对一个具体的目录协议进行了改造,以支持该预测方法。通过预测Cache块的最后一次写访问并提前对其进行降级,处理器能直接从主存中读取数据,从而减少了远程Cache访问所需的一个网络跳步数。与当前基于指令的预测方法相比,该方法能极大减少存储开销。基准测试程序的评测结果表明,该方法能获得83.1%的预测准确率,并且能提高8.57%的程序执行性能,同时与基于指令的预测方法相比,该方法能分别减少历史踪迹表69%的存储开销和签名表36%的存储开销。 相似文献
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We develop the first approximation algorithm with worst‐case performance guarantee for capacitated stochastic periodic‐review inventory systems with setup costs. The structure of the optimal control policy for such systems is extremely complicated, and indeed, only some partial characterization is available. Thus, finding provably near‐optimal control policies has been an open challenge. In this article, we construct computationally efficient approximate optimal policies for these systems whose demands can be nonstationary and/or correlated over time, and show that these policies have a worst‐case performance guarantee of 4. We demonstrate through extensive numerical studies that the policies empirically perform well, and they are significantly better than the theoretical worst‐case guarantees. We also extend the analyses and results to the case with batch ordering constraints, where the order size has to be an integer multiple of a base load. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 304–319, 2014 相似文献
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When facing high levels of overstock inventories, firms often push their salesforce to work harder than usual to attract more demand, and one way to achieve that is to offer attractive incentives. However, most research on the optimal design of salesforce incentives ignores this dependency and assumes that operational decisions of production/inventory management are separable from design of salesforce incentives. We investigate this dependency in the problem of joint salesforce incentive design and inventory/production control. We develop a dynamic Principal‐Agent model with both Moral Hazard and Adverse Selection in which the principal is strategic and risk‐neutral but the agent is myopic and risk‐averse. We find the optimal joint incentive design and inventory control strategy, and demonstrate the impact of operational decisions on the design of a compensation package. The optimal strategy is characterized by a menu of inventory‐dependent salesforce compensation contracts. We show that the optimal compensation package depends highly on the operational decisions; when inventory levels are high, (a) the firm offers a more attractive contract and (b) the contract is effective in inducing the salesforce to work harder than usual. In contrast, when inventory levels are low, the firm can offer a less attractive compensation package, but still expect the salesforce to work hard enough. In addition, we show that although the inventory/production management and the design of salesforce compensation package are highly correlated, information acquisition through contract design allows the firm to implement traditional inventory control policies: a market‐based state‐dependent policy (with a constant base‐stock level when the inventory is low) that makes use of the extracted market condition from the agent is optimal. This work appears to be the first article on operations that addresses the important interplay between inventory/production control and salesforce compensation decisions in a dynamic setting. Our findings shed light on the effective integration of these two significant aspects for the successful operation of a firm. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 320–340, 2014 相似文献
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