未知非线性系统的神经网络建模与控制仿真研究

针对一类未知非线性系统的建模与控制问题,采用基于神经网络的多步预测控制算法进行了仿真研究,仿真对象选取控制工程界常用的单摆试验装置.该算法的实现步骤为:获取系统开环试验数据;辨识神经网络正向动态模型;设计非线性优化控制律.仿真研究结果表明,所提出的建模与控制方法是有效的.     

舰船电力系统动态模拟的几个问题

本文针对舰船电力系统的特点,讨论了同步发电机及励磁系统动态模型建模计算的基本原则和方法。阐述了使舰船同步发电机的基本参数及非线性特性同时满足相似条件的建模方案及其可行性。给出了突加、突减负载时动态模型的建模方法,推导出相应的计算公式;研究了采用原型励磁调节器时的相似条件及其实现方法。给出了可控相复励励磁系统模拟计算机模拟的结构线路图。     

各种海情下低空飞行导弹的分析

对影响掠海飞行导弹性能和操纵能力的非定常气动力效应进行了初步研究,旨在确定能使非定常气动力对导弹飞行产生不利影响的各种飞行条件（海情,导弹速度及大气现象）。作用在导弹上的非定常气动力是由阵风引起的,而阵风又是由于海浪的周期性和恶劣的大气现象（例如,飑风）造成的。文章将讨论（以跨音速小扰动和单位阶跃理论为基础的、用于简化导弹的）非定常气动力预测方法与可用于模拟高度控制的自动驾驶仪的仿真方法相结合的可能性。为了确定非定常气动力对导弹飞行的影响,对各种海情进行了仿真研究。研究表明,导弹在恶劣海情或飑风情况下,会出现控制问题。     

基于 CFD 方法的螺旋桨水动力性能预报

运用计算流体力学软件对粘性流场中敞水螺旋桨的水动力性能进行了计算研究,模拟了某型螺旋桨在不同进速系数下的推力系数、转矩系数、螺旋桨表面压力分布以及螺旋桨后尾流场情况等.在数学建模的过程中,利用 FORTRAN 语言编制了计算螺旋桨型值点的程序,然后把计算值导入 Fluent 的前处理器 Gam-bit 进行建模,并采用样条曲线去拟合各个型值点,从而建立了光滑的三维螺旋桨表面外形.介绍了利用Fluent软件在螺旋桨敞水性能计算中的计算流程,以某一标准螺旋桨作为研究对象,给出了敞水性能曲线的计算结果,并与试验测量值作了比较.由对结果的比较分析可知,基于 CFD 方法可以形象、真实地获知螺旋桨表面的压力以及尾部流场的分布情况,并且数值仿真结果可以满足工程应用.     

基于灰色神经网络的装甲器材需求量预测

分析了装甲器材需求量影响因素,将灰色预测与神经网络预测方法相结合,建立了装甲器材需求量预测的灰色神经网络计算模型。该模型具有灰色系统的少数据建模及神经网络的精度可控性等优点,能较好地解决目前装甲器材需求预测精度不高的问题,可为装甲器材管理部门制定订购、调拨计划提供决策依据。     

运用H_∞理论设计摄动模型的控制器

利用MATLAB软件包及Robust－ControlToolbox对柴油机带水力测功器系统进行了H∞鲁棒控制器的设计研究,介绍了设计方法、设计过程和设计结果,并对设计控制器进行了仿真分析．     

过失速机动的AUKF-WNN气动力建模及仿真

为使所建立的气动力模型能够准确刻画复杂动态特性,提出一种基于改进UKF算法的小波神经网络(Wavelet Neural Network,WNN)飞行数据失速气动力建模方法。引入一种自适应因子来改善无迹卡尔曼滤波(Unscented Kalman Filter,UKF)算法的性能;按照飞行数据的气动力建模流程,利用改进UKF算法对WNN参数进行最优化估计,构建失速现象的气动力模型。实验结果表明,针对飞行器失速的气动力建模问题,基于改进UKF算法的WNN建模方法,在建模精度和速度方面,优于传统神经网络和其他现有WNN方法,因此,使用提出飞行器失速的气动力建模方法是可行和有效的,得到预测结果也能准确刻画飞行器失速的动态特性。     

基于残差修正CNN-BiLSTM的空中目标航迹短期预测算法

针对因深度学习自身局限性和递归预测策略产生的累积误差,导致航迹预测精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于残差修正CNN-BiLSTM的空中目标航迹短期预测算法。首先,引入卷积模块用于提取航迹数据之中具有潜在关联的空间位置特征,利用双向长短时记忆网络提取航迹数据中的时序特征,并实现对空中目标的实时单步预测和多步超前预测;其次,引入整合移动平均自回归为残差修正模型,对实时单步预测产生的残差建模,计算混合神经网络模型多步超前预测时的残差值;最后,将混合神经网络模型和残差修正模型的输出结果进行融合,得到最终的航迹预测值。实验结果表明,该算法大大降低了神经网络因自身局限性产生的误差和因递归策略预测产生的累积误差,能够显著提高空中目标航迹短期预测的精度。     

基于IFTS的网络动态负载均衡方法

针对网络负载均衡过程中节点负载变化趋势难以预测的问题,在分析网络负载模糊时序变化特性的基础上,设计了可变阶自循环误差校正机制,构建了网络负载直觉模糊时间序列(IFTS)预测模型,并将基于IFTS的负载预测与网络动态负载均衡相融合,提出了基于IFTS的网络动态负载均衡方法,有效地提升了网络负载预测精度,增强了动态负载均衡系统运行效率,改善了网络整体服务质量。并通过典型实例验证了该方法的有效性和优越性。     

非线性系统的神经网络广义预测控制

研究了神经网络广义预测控制方法在非线性系统中的应用，基于BP网络构造神经网络预测器，利用非线性系统的开环输入输出数据离线训练神经网络，根据拟牛顿BFGS优化算法使得二次型性能指标函数达到最小，得到了最优的控制序列。同时给出了神经网络广义预测控制算法的步骤，讨论了提高系统鲁棒性的措施。仿真结果表明，这种神经网络预测控制算法具有响应速度快、控制效果好和跟踪精度高等特点。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.