科学管理、精益管理与精确作战工程保障研究

设计是作战行动筹划的重要步骤,精确工程保障需要对工程保障行动进行精密的设计和精确管理与控制。科学管理采用科学实验的方法,通过劳动方法标准化和差别计件工资制度,有效提高了工作效率,其基本原理经过百余年的实际检验,被证明是一个成熟有效的管理方法。借鉴科学管理理论,需要对工程保障行动进行动作研究,进而研究工程保障行动的作业标准,以期提高其保障效率。精益管理是在科学管理在新的历史时期的发展与改进,它使用了准时制、零库存、均衡生产、持续改进等先进的管理理念和六西格玛管理、成组技术等先进技术,为基于信息系统体系作战的工程保障能力生成提供了有益的借鉴,可加深我们对精确工程保障的理解,促进精确工程保障研究的可操作性。     

Research on design and firing performance of Si-based detonator

For the chip integration of MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) safety and arming device, a miniature detonator needs to be developed to reduce the weight and volume of explosive train. A Si-based micro-detonator is designed and fabricated, which meets the requirement of MEMS safety and arming device. The firing sensitivity of micro-detonator is tested according to GJB/z377A-94 sensitivity test methods: Langlie. The function time of micro-detonator is measured using wire probe and photoelectric transducer. The result shows the average firing voltage is 6.4 V when the discharge capacitance of firing electro-circuit is 33 μF. And the average function time is 5.48 μs. The firing energy actually utilized by Si-based micro-detonator is explored.     

数字电位器在P T100温度仿真中的应用

伴随高速可编程逻辑器件的广泛应用,实时快速可靠地对系统状态信号进行处理,实现对复杂机电系统运行状态的实时监控成为用户追求的目标。基于数字电位器由于可调精度高,控制方便,性能稳定等优点,给出了一种基于CPLD可编程器件,通过数字电位器实现在半实物仿真系统中对PT100热电阻的阻值变化进行等效模拟的工程应用。利用本研究内容,通过上位机界面对系统温度参数进行人工设定,即可轻易实现对PT100热电阻在不同温度下阻值的真实模拟,检验实际系统温度监测装置软硬件的可靠性,确保系统安全运行。     

基于消防响应时间满意度的消防站布局优化研究

消防站布局是否合理是及时扑灭火灾的关键,当前城市消防站规划方法主观性较大,缺乏量化数据支持,研究科学合理的城市消防站布局优化方法,具有十分重要的意义。在吸收前人研究的基础上,运用区域火灾风险评估、ARCGIS、遗传算法等,在构建消防响应时间满意度函数的基础上,构建了基于消防响应时间满意度的消防站布局优化选址方法。该方法从消防需求角度对研究区域的消防站布局进行了规划,达到用最少的消防站覆盖全部的消防需求点,以实现消防资源的最优化配置。     

Inventory control and replenishment with flexible delivery‐time upgrade

We consider a capacitated inventory model with flexible delivery upgrades, in which the seller allocates its on‐hand inventory to price‐ and delivery‐time‐sensitive customers. The seller has two decisions: inventory commitment and replenishment. The former addresses how the on‐hand inventories are allocated between the two classes of customers within an inventory cycle. The latter addresses how the inventory is replenished between inventory cycles. We develop optimal inventory allocation, upgrade, and replenishment policies and demonstrate that the optimal policy can be characterized by a set of switching curves. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 418–426, 2014     

Assessing the value of demand sharing in supply chains

We consider the problem of assessing the value of demand sharing in a multistage supply chain in which the retailer observes stationary autoregressive moving average demand with Gaussian white noise (shocks). Similar to previous research, we assume each supply chain player constructs its best linear forecast of the leadtime demand and uses it to determine the order quantity via a periodic review myopic order‐up‐to policy. We demonstrate how a typical supply chain player can determine the extent of its available information in the presence of demand sharing by studying the properties of the moving average polynomials of adjacent supply chain players. The retailer's demand is driven by the random shocks appearing in the autoregressive moving average representation for its demand. Under the assumptions we will make in this article, to the retailer, knowing the shock information is equivalent to knowing the demand process (assuming that the model parameters are also known). Thus (in the event of sharing) the retailer's demand sequence and shock sequence would contain the same information to the retailer's supplier. We will show that, once we consider the dynamics of demand propagation further up the chain, it may be that a player's demand and shock sequences will contain different levels of information for an upstream player. Hence, we study how a player can determine its available information under demand sharing, and use this information to forecast leadtime demand. We characterize the value of demand sharing for a typical supply chain player. Furthermore, we show conditions under which (i) it is equivalent to no sharing, (ii) it is equivalent to full information shock sharing, and (iii) it is intermediate in value to the two previously described arrangements. Although it follows from existing literature that demand sharing is equivalent to full information shock sharing between a retailer and supplier, we demonstrate and characterize when this result does not generalize to upstream supply chain players. We then show that demand propagates through a supply chain where any player may share nothing, its demand, or its full information shocks (FIS) with an adjacent upstream player as quasi‐ARMA in—quasi‐ARMA out. We also provide a convenient form for the propagation of demand in a supply chain that will lend itself to future research applications. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 515–531, 2014     

不确定数据流多维建模方法*

由于不确定数据流应用的出现,给传统的精确、静态数据环境下的多维建模带来了巨大挑战。针对不确定数据流动态、无限和不确定等特征,提出了一种不确定数据流多维模型。该模型中引入了不确定对象来描述不确定事实元组,并且通过定义时间维度的层次时间窗口,很好地反映了数据流的动态性和无限性,最后还对此多维不确定数据流模型的基本代数操作和分析代数操作进行了形式化定义,为不确定数据流多维查询与分析提供了理论依据。     

某型运载火箭地震响应分析及减震设计

竖立状态的运载火箭一旦遭遇地震,极易造成箭体倾倒等灾难性后果。为了确保运载火箭在地震中的安全,针对某型运载火箭,采用时程分析法对其进行地震响应分析,得到了火箭的弯矩、位移响应峰值沿箭体纵向的分布规律。分析了火箭关键位置处弯矩响应的频域特性,设计了火箭的减震措施,并分析了火箭与发射台的连接刚度、隔震支座刚度对火箭地震响应的影响规律。结果表明:火箭弯矩响应的最大值发生在靠近火箭尾段的位置,位移响应的最大值发生在火箭头部位置;改变火箭与发射台连接刚度以及在发射台底部加装隔震支座的方式可以有效地减小火箭的地震响应。     

舰炮火控雷达实测误差时序特性分析建模

针对舰炮火控雷达高精度实时仿真建模的问题,运用高斯分布和正态平稳过程的两种误差序列生成方法,建立火控雷达简化仿真模型。通过对某火控雷达实测数据误差的统计及时序相关性分析,完成误差序列仿真生成与验证,给出了实现舰炮火控雷达探测误差仿真的优选方法。实践证明,正态平稳模型的误差生成方法可以有效满足新型舰炮仿真试验火控雷达建模要求。     

利用时间窗权重进行航迹关联

提出一种利用传感器测量数据的时间窗权重进行航迹关联的方法,将目标运动状态的多维向量(如距离、方位角、俯仰角等)分解为多个一维状态标量;根据每个状态标量与时间的关系,提取两条航迹的共同测量时间区间,将其划分为若干个时间窗,计算对应时间窗内的权重;根据时间窗权重差计算每一个状态标量的航迹相似度;应用DS理论或Bayes理论进行航迹关联决策。