神经网络架构搜索研究进展与展望

神经网络架构搜索旨在针对不同任务,自动化地搜索得到性能最优的神经网络结构,是深度学习、计算机视觉技术结合当前现实需求应运而生的一大重要科学问题。对近年来神经网络架构搜索研究进行梳理、归类和评述;阐述神经网络架构搜索的定义和意义,全方位剖析当前研究所面临的难点与挑战;以此为基础,对主流的搜索策略进行阐述和归纳;探讨研究潜在的问题及未来颇具潜力的研究方向,以期推动该领域的进一步发展。     

利用线阵CCD自动测量MSBS中悬浮模型的位置与姿态

以我国自行研制的磁悬挂天平系统为背景,主要研究了利用线阵CCD传感器构建MSBS的模型位置与姿态测量系统以及相应的传感器配置方案、信号转换、测量原理和测量流程等问题。该系统的位置与姿态测量系统以两组共5片线阵CCD作为MSBS中悬浮模型的5自由度位置与姿态传感器,以串联的多级惯性环节电路为脉宽-电压转换电路,将测量信号分别输入控制回路和校准测量回路。文中详细介绍了5片CCD传感器的配置方案及其测量原理,然后研究了使用多级惯性环节实现脉宽-电压信号的转换问题,并对该方案进行了理论分析和仿真,最后研究了利用CCD的测量信号反演悬浮模型位置与姿态的数学原理及其自动测量流程。     

不同裂解温度对制备SiCf/Si-O-C复合材料性能研究

以聚硅氧烷为先驱体,研究先驱体转化过程中在不同的裂解温度下对制备SiCf/Si-O-C复合材料性能影响.结果表明,当裂解温度在700℃、800℃时,陶瓷基复合材料的弯曲强度分别为255.2 MPa、309.0 MPa;当裂解温度在1000℃时,陶瓷基复合材料的弯曲强度为45.3 MPa.对SiCf/Si-O-C复合材料的微观结构及载荷-位移曲线进行分析,发现界面结构是影响SiCf/Si-O-C复合材料性能的主要因素.     

齿轮箱振动测试与分析

在对某型齿轮箱的模态、振动烈度和振动加速度进行测试的基础上,详细分析了测试结果.模态测试得到了齿轮箱的振型和模态参数,振动烈度测试结果表明该齿轮箱处于良好工作状态,振动加速度测试结果显示该齿轮箱的减振措施达到了预期的效果.最后,对测试提出了建议.     

光电指向器水平度测量算法

通过对光电跟踪仪安装时水平度调整方法的研究,提出了利用坐标变换算法,用以实现光电跟踪仪安装时水平度的快速调整.利用该算法不但可以减少安装时的测量次数,节约安装调整时间,而且提高了设备安装时的测量精度,具有广泛的推广应用价值.文中还对该方法的测量计算误差进行了分析.     

风洞现场电磁干扰测量研究

根据风洞现场测控系统的特点,对风洞现场的电磁干扰测量方法和技术进行研究,并在风洞中进行试验,得到了相关的试验数据．通过对数据的分析可以得出：影响风洞现场测控系统的电磁干扰源主要是大功率变频装置,耦合途径为空间辐射和电源线传导．     

Ricochet quantification using a multiple sensor approach

This study investigates the ricochet behaviour of three different small-arms projectile types using a novel ricochet measuring device.The results can be used to estimate the danger potential of ricochets on shooting ranges.A ricochet is the change of direction and velocity of a projectile after impacting an oblique surface.This impact produces strong vibrations on a rigid plate.During this impact,flexural waves travel radially outwards from the point of impact.These waves are used to determine the properties of the impactor with accelerometers situated on the target surface.With the use of two measurement plates,one can produce a ricochet and detect the velocity at the same time.Accelerometers are suitable for accurate momentum measurements of single impacts.However,depending upon strike velocity and the impact angle,a ricochet can separate in multiple fragments after being deflected.From the operational safety perspective,these fragments need to be detected,as well.The approach of a coupled sensor concept was chosen to solve this problem.Thermographic sensors were additionally used to visualise the heat which is produced after pene-trating a rubber layer pasted in front of the steel target plate.With this approach one was able to detect the position of impact.The investigations showed that the measurement system performance is better with a multiple sensor design,which includes accelerometers for the velocity,impact strength and partly the position measurement,while the thermographic sensor was used for the position measurement and partly the momentum measurement.The investigated ammunition showed plausible fragmentation behaviour,and the results can already be used to estimate the danger potential of different ammunition types.Frangible projectiles fragment to small particles already after being deflected under a small angle.However,Full Metal Jacket projectiles with or without a steel core do not fragment under angles which are less than 5°.The objective of the paper is to demonstrate the possibility of measuring the complex ricochet me-chanics of small projectiles using standard accelerometers with the adequate signal processing approach.This measuring system is supported by an off the shelf thermographic camera.     

A novel launch dynamics measurement system for multiple launch rocket system and comparative analysis with numerical simulations

In this paper,a novel launch dynamics measurement system based on the photoelectric sensor pair is built.The actual muzzle time(i.e.a time duration that originates from the initial movement to the rocket's departure from the muzzle)and the muzzle velocity are measured.Compared with the classical methods,the actual muzzle time is obtained by eliminating the ignition delay.The comparative analysis method is proposed with numerical simulations established by the transfer matrix method for multibody systems.The experiment results indicate that the proposed measurement system can effectively measure the actual muzzle time and reduce the error of classical methods,which match well with the simulation results showing the launch dynamics model is reliable and helpful for further analysis and design of the MLRS.     

A critical look at the U.S. deceased‐donor organ procurement and utilization system

The U.S. system for procuring and utilizing deceased‐donor organs for transplantation has been studied and written about in many articles. The purpose of this paper is to examine the interactions between the elements that comprise this system, and point out improvement opportunities that may be affected through operations research/management techniques. The authors demonstrate the need for developing data‐driven and analytic tools. In fact, data is used to generate hypotheses and support claims throughout the paper. The paper also points out the need to fully leverage data that is available to researchers, and to seek data that is currently not deposited in a centralized archive.     

动态威胁环境下单无人机测向定位航迹优化算法

为解决单架无人机在动态战场环境下的测向定位问题,提出了一种基于动态窗口法的单机测向定位航迹优化算法。以最大化Fisher信息矩阵行列式为测向定位评价准则,在由动态探测雷达和静/动障碍构成的动态战场环境中,基于动态窗口法思想,将测向定位航迹优化评价准则由传统的单步最优原则扩展到对多步预测航迹的评价,同时考虑雷达探测和静/动障碍环境对预测航迹的影响,通过滚动时域方法控制无人机最优航向。仿真结果表明,所提方法能够使无人机在有效逃避雷达探测威胁以及规避环境中静/动障碍的条件下保证对目标的高精度测向定位,为解决动态战场环境下的单架无人机测向定位问题提供了新思路。