凹障碍超宽带SAR图像特征分析

野外环境下的凹障碍感知一直是地面无人作战平台环境感知面临的难题,长期以来常规传感器,例如立体视觉、红外相机和激光雷达,都没有取得好的效果。超宽带合成孔径雷达作为一种全天时、全天候的高分辨率雷达,在目标感知方面得到了广泛的运用。基于超宽带合成孔径雷达感知凹障碍是一种有效的感知手段,阐述了凹障碍的雷达成像几何,利用MATLAB模拟仿真合成孔径雷达数据获得了凹障碍图像,分析得出了凹障碍在雷达图像表现出由阴影区和光亮区紧密相连的特征,并通过实测数据成像获得的凹障碍图像结果,对凹障碍雷达图像特征进行了进一步的验证。     

太阳风作用下航天器表面充电效应分析

针对太阳风等离子体中航天器的充电过程,基于欧洲航天局开发的航天器表面充电仿真软件,建立了航天器的数值计算模型,模拟了太阳风等离子体与航天器的相互作用,实现了不同表面材料时航天器表面电位以及尾迹结构的计算分析,给出了近日环境下航天器周围的空间电位结构以及等离子体密度分布情况。研究结果表明:表面材料的选择将影响空间势垒深度以及尾迹结构,表面充电至更低电位的表面材料具有较小尾迹区域;航天器向阳面电位分布主要由光电子以及二次电子主导,而背阳面的电位分布则主要受到尾迹效应的影响。以上结果对太阳风环境航天器探测和评估等相关工作以及工程研究具有一定的理论参考价值。     

联合生成对抗网络和检测网络的SAR图像目标检测

针对合成孔径雷达图像目标检测中存在的样本获取困难且数量有限问题,提出了联合生成对抗网络和检测网络的学习模型。利用原始训练集对特别设计的超快区域卷积神经网络进行预训练;再通过基于注意力机制的深度学习生成对抗网络生成高质量合成样本,并输入检测网络进行预测;依据预测信息和概率等价类属标签分配策略为新生样本提供注释信息,并以一定占比对原始训练集进行扩充;利用扩充数据集对检测网络进行再训练。多组仿真实验证明,所提框架能够有效提升网络检测效率和性能。     

Numerical simulation of base flow with hot base bleed for two jet models

In order to improve the benefits of base bleed in base flow field, the base flow with hot base bleed for two jet models is studied. Two-dimensional axisymmetric Navier–Stokes equations are computed by using a finite volume scheme. The base flow of a cylinder afterbody with base bleed is simulated. The simulation results are validated with the experimental data, and the experimental results are well reproduced. On this basis, the base flow fields with base bleed for a circular jet model and an annulus jet model are investigated by selecting the injection temperature from 830 K to 2200 K. The results show that the base pressure of the annular jet model is higher than that of the circular jet model with the changes of the injection parameter and the injection temperature. For the circular jet model, the hot gases are concentrated in the vicinity of the base. For the annular jet model, the bleed gases flow into the shear layer directly so that the hot gases are concentrated in the shear layer. The latter temperature distribution is better for the increase of base pressure.     

Feasibility of surface-coated friction stir welding tools to join AISI 304 grade austenitic stainless steel

An attempt is made to develop the tools that are capable enough to withstand the shear, impact and thermal forces that occur during friction stir welding of stainless steels. The atmospheric plasma spray and plasma transferred arc hardfacing processes are employed to deposit refractory ceramic based composite coatings on the Inconel 738 alloy. Five different combinations of self-fluxing alloy powder and 60% ceramic reinforcement particulate mixtures are used for coating. The best friction stir welding tool selected based on tool wear analysis is used to fabricate the austenitic stainless steel joints.     

A numerical study on the disturbance of explosive reactive armors to jet penetration

The disturbance of flat and V-shaped sandwich reactive armor configurations to shaped-charge jet is studied by a numerical approach. The disturbing and cutting effects of the two reactive armor configurations to the jet are successfully captured. The predicted disturbance characteristics and patterns are in fairly good agreement with the X-ray photographic observations. The residual depth of penetration into a semi-infinitive homogeneous steel target behind the reactive armor is computed for a series of jet/armor parameters. For the flat configuration, it is demonstrated that the residual penetration depth is not significantly reduced for a normal impact while it is reduced up to 75% for an oblique impact. In comparison, the V-shaped configuration reduces the penetration depth of the jet to 90%, and it is observed that the penetration depth is not sensitive to the V-shaped angle.     

基于广义模糊函数的MIMO SAR分辨特性分析

多发多收合成孔径雷达（MIMO SAR）是近年来发展起来的一种新型雷达体制。与传统SAR相比,MIMO SAR综合利用了波形分集和空间分集优势,如何衡量系统的分辨特性以及模糊特性成为亟待解决的问题。本文将模糊函数概念推广到MIMO SAR性能分析中,通过数学推导获得了广义模糊函数的解析表示,结果表明MIMO SAR系统分辨率不仅取决于发射波形参数以及合成孔径长度,还与发射波形集的正交性以及收发天线阵列流形密切相关,仿真实验验证了系统模型的有效性和相应分析的正确性。     

调频连续波ISAR目标微多普勒特征分析

分析了调频连续波逆合成孔径雷达(FMCW-ISAR)的回波信号特性,讨论了脉冲持续时间内目标连续运动引起的多普勒频移对成像的影响,推导出导致一维距离像主瓣展宽和走动的相位因子,并进一步研究了该相位因子对基于调频连续波逆合成孔径雷达的目标微多普勒特征的影响,在此基础上讨论了调频连续波逆合成孔径雷达目标微多普勒特征与脉冲式逆合成孔径雷达目标微多普勒特征的主要区别.最后的仿真试验验证了理论分析的正确性.     

基于微动调制的SAR新型复合有源干扰方法

在静态虚假目标的基础上,利用有源运动调制干扰原理,提出了一种基于微动调制的SAR新型复合有源干扰方法。建立了基于微动调制的复合有源干扰信号模型,详细分析了该干扰信号对SAR的干扰效果,确定了各调制系数,最后进行了基于实测数据的仿真实验。结果表明,该方法具有距离向相干处理和方位向部分相干处理的特点,可对SAR在方位向上实现多个匀(加)速虚假运动目标的欺骗干扰效果。     

合成旅实战化装备保障能力问题与对策研究

军队的"跨越"系列实兵对抗演习存在保障人员在战场抢修装备时处置困难、难以在恶劣的战场环境中展开保障作业、器材补给不能精确送达抢修现场以及指挥控制偶尔失控等现象,战场装备也存在故障率高、维修保障难度大的实际情况。本文针对军队装备保障力量发展不均衡、保障分队自我保障存在不足、人才储备不强方面的影响,高温、潮湿、风沙、高海拔等周边环境的影响,器材筹措效率高低、器材储供管理的好坏、器材利用率高低的影响以及指挥控制链路关系、感知战场态势、控制战场节奏的影响四个方面存在的问题,从固强补弱装备保障力量、积极适应战场周边环境、优化器材储供管理和筹措渠道、提高装备保障指挥控制能力等方面着手,结合演训地区实际装备保障存在的矛盾问题进行梳理和思考,探索和研究实战化训练中装备保障的对策措施,以期为部队实战化装备保障提供借鉴。