Determination of burn‐in parameters and residual life for highly reliable products

Today, many products are designed and manufactured to function for a long period of time before they fail. Determining product reliability is a great challenge to manufacturers of highly reliable products with only a relatively short period of time available for internal life testing. In particular, it may be difficult to determine optimal burn‐in parameters and characterize the residual life distribution. A promising alternative is to use data on a quality characteristic (QC) whose degradation over time can be related to product failure. Typically, product failure corresponds to the first passage time of the degradation path beyond a critical value. If degradation paths can be modeled properly, one can predict failure time and determine the life distribution without actually observing failures. In this paper, we first use a Wiener process to describe the continuous degradation path of the quality characteristic of the product. A Wiener process allows nonconstant variance and nonzero correlation among data collected at different time points. We propose a decision rule for classifying a unit as normal or weak, and give an economic model for determining the optimal termination time and other parameters of a burn‐in test. Next, we propose a method for assessing the product's lifetime distribution of the passed units. The proposed methodologies are all based only on the product's initial observed degradation data. Finally, an example of an electronic product, namely contact image scanner (CIS), is used to illustrate the proposed procedure. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2003     

管道瞬态激振响应管长的计算

在水击压力波沿管道传播的过程中，遇到内部流场边界时，就会对管道产生激振响应，从而引起管道的振动。针对管道的激振响应，分别从水击波的简化模型和考虑管道和流体相互作用的固液耦合模型，推导了管道瞬态激振响应中的激振部件间隔管长计算公式，分析比较了简化模型和耦合模型的不同，并且提出一些防止共振的方法。     

伟大的旗帜深刻的意蕴

党的十七大鲜明确立了中国特色社会主义旗帜的指导地位。中国特色社会主义旗帜,是马克思主义真理观和价值观相统一的旗帜;其精神实质,是坚持科学社会主义基本原则与根据我国实际和时代特征赋予其鲜明中国特色的有机统一;其实践形态,是中国特色社会主义道路;其理论形态,是中国特色社会主义理论体系。高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜,就需要倍加珍惜、长期坚持和不断发展这条道路和理论体系。     

侧壁式气垫船水压场试验研究

在拖曳水池中对侧壁式气垫船的水压场进行了系统测量,得到不同水深、不同航速和不同横向位置水底扰动压力系数的纵向通过特性曲线,分析总结了侧壁式气垫船水压场规律.     

A general model of heterogeneous system lifetimes and conditions for system burn‐in

Burn‐in is a technique to enhance reliability by eliminating weak items from a population of items having heterogeneous lifetimes. System burn‐in can improve system reliability, but the conditions for system burn‐in to be performed after component burn‐in remain a little understood mathematical challenge. To derive such conditions, we first introduce a general model of heterogeneous system lifetimes, in which the component burn‐in information and assembly problems are related to the prediction of system burn‐in. Many existing system burn‐in models become special cases and two important results are identified. First, heterogeneous system lifetimes can be understood naturally as a consequence of heterogeneous component lifetimes and heterogeneous assembly quality. Second, system burn‐in is effective if assembly quality variation in the components and connections which are arranged in series is greater than a threshold, where the threshold depends on the system structure and component failure rates. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 50: 364–380, 2003.     

三峡库区水环境污染预警与决策系统设计与实现

以三峡库区重庆段水环境地质调查项目为基础,综合应用数据库,GIS,RS,GPS,计算机网络和现代检测技术及水环境中有机污染物、营养物、重金属污染的研究方法,提出了库区水环境污染物预警与决策支持信息系统总体设计和数据库设计架构。为政府部门科学决策和管理监控提供一个先进的信息平台,也为整个三峡库区水环境可持续发展提供有效的信息参考。     

风场的科学计算可视化在导弹射击中的应用

在导弹射击时,消除风会对导弹飞行造成不利的影响,因此基于可视化分析的研究模型、流程等,利用科学计算方法直观分析优点对风的大小和方向进行分析,并采用开放图形接口对实验风场数据进行了三维图形绘制以提高导弹打击目标的精度,对实际中导弹的风场阻力研究有一定的指导意义.     

严寒地区消防给水存在的问题及对策

分析了我国北方寒冷地区城市市政消防给水和室外消火栓系统在实际应用中出现的问题,并结合规范与寒冷地区实际情况和历年的经验,提出了解决办法。     

聚(丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺)高吸水剂的制备及应用性能的研究

用反相悬浮聚合法合成了丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺共聚物[P(AA-AM)]高吸水性树脂.讨论了其在蒸馏水及NaCl水溶液中的吸液性能,通过对滤液电导率的测定探讨了高吸水树脂吸盐水的机理.分别研究了在不同离子强度下NaCl、CuCl2、FeCl3和MgCl2、CaCl2、BaCl2以及KCl、KBr、KI水溶液中的吸液性能;以及在相同离子强度的不同盐溶液中的吸液性能.另外,研究了温度对树脂吸收性能的影响以及树脂的保液性能.结果表明,①随离子强度的增加吸液倍率显著下降;等离子强度下多价阳离子的存在使吸液倍率急剧减少;而同一主族阴离子的钾盐溶液中,当离子强度相等时,吸液倍率按阴离子半径从大到小的顺序依次降低,但差别很小.②高吸水性树脂中的非离子型单体的引入有利于提高树脂的抗盐性以及对不同种类盐的稳定性.在蒸馏水中,吸收倍率随温度升高而降低;但在质量分数3%的NaCl水溶液中,吸收倍率随温度的升高而升高.③合成的该高吸水性树脂具有很好的保液性能.     

吸收光谱法测量COIL水含量的实验研究

介绍了吸收光谱测量水蒸汽绝对浓度的方法,标定了实验环境下水蒸汽的吸收系数,并在氧碘化学激光器(COIL)上进行了初步的实验研究.测量结果显示,在常规工作条件下由于BHP温度变化所引起的水汽百分含量变化可以忽略,气体流速是引起水汽含量变化的主要原因.