具有模糊偏好认知矩阵的超对策稳定性分析

针对一类具有模糊偏好认知矩阵的超对策问题,给出了具体的稳定性分析方法。基于相对模糊距离的概念和模糊有序加权平均(FOWA)算子提出了三角模糊互补判断矩阵的一种排序方法。由此方法得到局中人的结局偏好认知向量,进而给出了一阶超对策的稳定性分析过程。最后,以实际冲突为例说明这一方法。     

具有模糊偏好认知的两层递阶超对策模型

针对一类具有模糊结局偏好认知的两层冲突环境,建立了一个两层模糊递阶超对策模型。在决策者给定的置信水平λ下,基于模糊数截集以及模糊数之间的相对距离测度,将模糊递阶超对策模型清晰化,进而给出了模型λ递阶超纳什均衡的定义和具体的求解方法。最后,通过实例验证了该模型方法的有效性。     

军事冲突模糊超对策认知信息的融合

针对现代军事冲突的不确定性和模糊性,用直觉模糊数来表示军事冲突中的局中人对另一局中人在结局空间上的偏好认知,建立了军事冲突的模糊超对策模型,并对实际军事冲突中的各级指挥员对对方策略集和结局偏好的群体认知,应用D-S证据理论进行了有效融合。最后,通过实例分析说明了文中所提出方法的有效性和合理性。     

《海军工程大学学报》2006年总目次

第18卷第1期(总第126期)一阶超对策模型中结局偏好认知信息集结的模式识别法………………………宋业新董青(1)一类带配送中心运输问题的容量扩张模型研究………………………薛强董鹏罗朝晖(6)多尺度法的设解形式之探讨……………………………………………任爱娣张琪昌张良欣(11     

具有策略偏好的模糊双矩阵对策模型及其应用

针对局中人对策略有偏好、支付值模糊的双矩阵对策给出了一种具体的求解方法,首先根据加权算子集结得到局中人的策略偏好向量、利用模糊数排序方式将模型转化为清晰的双矩阵对策,再利用粒子群优化算法求解.最后以雷达电子对抗为例,建立了具有策略偏好的模糊双矩阵对策的作战效能评估模型,研究结果对于双方资源分配,提高作战效能具有一定的军...     

基于乘积偏好关系的专家模糊核聚类赋权方法

多属性、多目标性决策中,针对专家给出各方案偏好关系下的决策问题,提出一种基于乘积偏好关系的专家模糊核聚类赋权方法。该方法运用模糊核聚类的思想实现对决策专家的聚类,并通过放宽归一化约束条件,克服了传统模糊核聚类算法中离群点对聚类结果的影响。同时,在专家类内赋权过程中,运用CI-IOWG算子集结同类专家的意见,依据不同专家对于形成类别一致性意见的贡献程度来确定专家权重;克服了传统基于熵权或判断矩阵一致性的赋权方法的局限性。算例表明,该方法可行、有效。     

基于语言评价信息的群决策方法及其应用

针对具有自然语言评价信息的群决策问题,给出了一种基于语言评价信息的群集结和方案优选方法.首先让计算机将决策者给出的语言评价转换为对应的三角模糊数,然后对转换后的三角模糊数信息进行集结,根据集结后的结果选择最优方案.最后进行了实例分析.     

考虑专家偏好的基于概率犹豫模糊熵的多属性决策方法

针对现有概率犹豫模糊多属性决策研究中,专家权重和属性权重的确定存在主观随意性的问题,提出了一种考虑专家偏好的基于概率犹豫模糊熵和前景理论的决策方法.基于贴近度度量,考虑专家的偏好性,以追求整体一致性为原则确定专家权重;基于概率犹豫模糊熵,考虑专家的决策差异,度量评估信息的犹豫性和模糊性,确定属性权重;采用前景理论对方案评估信息进行集结,根据价值函数和权重函数得到方案的前景价值,并以此进行方案排序.通过算例对比分析,验证了所提方法的科学性和合理性.     

基于语言值的导弹武器规划方案决策方法

针对导弹武器规划方案中大量存在的不确定性语言值,给出了一种基于语言值的不确定多属性决策方法,并得到了成功的应用.首先引入有序语言短语集构造权重的语言判断矩阵,通过其导出矩阵求解指标的权重信息.根据专家给出的方案的语言判断矩阵,用EWAA算子对语言评估信息进行集结,得到了各方案的排序.最后给出实例验证了方法的可行性及有效性.     

多冲突环境下混合模糊双矩阵对策的集结

针对策略集模糊与具有模糊支付值的多冲突环境,建立了混合模糊双矩阵对策的综合集结模型。基于局中人的约束条件,构造局中人面向多冲突环境的可行策略串集合,建立新的结局空间;在假定模糊支付值为三角模糊数的情形下,基于模糊数的运算,构造局中人在新结局空间上的合成结局模糊支付值,建立多冲突环境下的混合模糊双矩阵对策综合集结模型,将集结模型清晰化并求解。最后,给出军事想定实例,说明了模型的实用性及有效性。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.