跨江过海的两栖战车——世界7种经典两栖装甲战车评点

两栖装甲战车以水陆两栖机动能力见长,是现代登陆作战的一支重要攻坚力量。纵观目前世界已装备和在研的两栖装甲战斗车辆,比较典型的主要有以下几种。“久经沙场”的美国AAV7A1 两栖突击车 AAV7A1两栖突击车是美海军陆战队现役的主力战车,20世纪70年代开始列装师属两栖突击营,1985年正式定名,现共装备1300余辆。AAV7A1两栖突击车主要用     

数字化装甲装备基本作战单元整体性能试验需求分析

数字化装甲装备基本作战单元整体性能试验,是数字化部队建设进程中常规武器装备试验所面临的一个现实而紧迫的新课题。从分析数字化装甲装备基本作战单元典型使命任务和功能需求入手,提出数字化装甲装备基本作战单元整体性能试验需要重点关注的问题:地面突击能力与所担负任务的匹配;建制内各装备的远程机动能力的匹配;野战防护能力与典型作战任务、火力威胁的匹配。指出主要试验内容为通信联通性能试验、指挥控制性能试验、协同打击性能试验和使用性能试验。为整体性能评估指标体系构建和整体性能试验设计奠定了基础。     

先进两栖突击车

两栖作战是海军陆战队的基本作战方式。受海岸条件的限制,在运输舰不易靠岸的地区,海军陆战队往往采用两栖突击车(AAV)机动兵力和登陆突击作战,两栖突击车便成为登陆作战的关键装备。传统的两栖作战及作战方式的发展传统作战模式的弊端在先前的美国海军陆战队的常规两栖作战机动概念中,使用两栖突击车从海上发起攻击时,兵力投送被分为3个阶段,即运输舰在海上的机动、从运输舰到海岸的机动和在岸上的机动。由于受     

两栖装甲车辆机动生存能力评估指标体系分析

两栖装甲车辆机动生存能力的高低将直接影响其登陆作战任务的完成,如何对其进行正确评估是提高两栖装甲车辆生存能力的关键所在。构建两栖装甲车辆生存能力评估指标体系是其生存能力评估的一项重要内容。阐述两栖装甲车辆的特征以及在战场面临的主要威胁,采用专家调查法和层次分析法构建两栖装甲车辆的机动生存能力评估指标体系,并对该评估指标体系进行分析。装甲装备的生存能力主要取决于装甲装备的敏感性及易损性,具体表现为车辆自身效能、战场环境因素、战场保障能力等,可用生存概率进行分析。     

作战仿真数据在效能评估中的运用

作战仿真数据是对装备系统进行作战效能评估的重要数据来源。介绍了对作战仿真数据进行采集的需求,归纳了数据采集的几种方式,分析研究了作战效能主要指标所需的仿真数据,描述了战场机动效能、火力打击效能、指挥控制效能、战术通信效能、战场防护效能及综合保障效能评估指标的含义及其计算方法,并通过表格的方式进行了详细说明。     

装甲火控可靠性建模

装甲武器是陆军及其两栖机械化部队实施地面突击的主要兵器,也是海军陆战部队实施抢滩登陆、岛屿攻防的主要兵器。装甲火控是装甲武器的重要组成部分,其可靠性直接影响装甲武器的打击效能。两栖装甲武器肩负海上、陆上的作战使命,使用环境更加恶劣,可靠性问题更加突出。描述了装甲火控的一般组成、功能及工作方式,基于两栖装甲武器的使用特点,分析了装甲火控基本任务、工作方式和作战环境的关系,建立了不同任务剖面的可靠性模型,为装甲火控可靠性设计、分析提供了一种参考。     

机动岸导突击群作战效能评估模型研究

针对机动岸导突击群作战效能量化评估较为困难的问题,运用系统学的观点阐释了机动岸导突击群作战效能涌现性的概念,给出了其涌现性的判定准则.在分析机动岸导火力单元作战效能指标基础上,充分考虑机动岸导突击群作战体系的涌现行为,设计了突击群作战效能涌现性指标体系,提供了各项评价指标的数学模型,从而为机动岸导突击群作战效能的定量评...     

基于分枝定界法的坦克弹药消耗量预测模型

在分析坦克弹药消耗研究现状的基础上,基于分枝定界法建立了坦克弹药消耗量预测模型.计算了05式两栖装甲突击车渡海登岛作战弹药消耗量,并对模型的相关问题进行了说明.     

美国海军陆战队员的“梦中情人”——AAAV两栖突击车

AAAV两栖突击车,是美国海军陆战队的“两栖作战利器”,主要用于水上攻坚,输送登陆兵高速抢滩上陆,并向对方岸滩浅近纵深实施连续不间断的突击。AAA V两栖突击车的成功研制,将在世界两栖作战历史上第一次真正消除战场机动的间隙,使登陆部队的水上高速机动和陆上高速机动变成一种不间断的行动。弄清美海军AAA V两栖突击车的研制背景、研制过程、战术技术性能和关键技术,对于我们加强军事理论创新,发展新型两栖战车以及提高两栖登陆作战能力,可以起到重要的借鉴作用。一、A AAV的研制背景经历二次大战和战后历次局部战争,美军积累了丰富…     

两栖攻击舰作战系统

未来的两栖战舰将进一步强化立体两栖突击能力,将普遍设置直升机机库和飞行平台,并将携带气垫登陆艇,甚至地效翼飞行器、偏转翼飞机等立体两栖突击装备;另一方面强化自身的防御武器,除了常规的中小口径舰炮外,普遍都装备导弹发射装置;此外,舰上都设有由通信系统和计算机组成的、能处理多批目标、反应快、自动化程度高的两栖指挥控制系统。本文介绍美两栖攻击舰（LHA）和两栖船坞运输舰（LPD）的作战系统及其设备。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.