心理战信息传送的受众心理分析

心理战信息传送的最终目标是在现代信息技术的作用下,使心理战信息为受众认同和接受,引起心理和行为的相应变化。从整个作战流程来看,心理战信息的传送过程模式为:特制的心理战信息-媒介或信息技术-受众(目标对象)。当信息作用于受众时,能否引起受众相应的心理反应,一般要经历注意-选择-理解-认同的内在心理活动过程,并具体表现为认知、情绪和意志三个维度上的相应变化。     

关注美军心理战

信息社会的发展和信息技术的进步,以及建立在信息论和控制论基础上的现代认知心理学的创立,为美军心理战的发展提供了前所未有的机遇。心理战正在成为一种独立的作战样式,并在美国国家安全中占据重要地位。随着美国在对外军事行动中有计划、有步骤地实施心理战,作为执行战场心理战任务的直接力量——美军心理战部队,也逐渐为世人所知晓,成为美军特种作战部队中的一个亮点。     

美国军事心理作战的发展研究

信息时代的各国军队心理战各具特色,但美国军事心理作战理论与实践则是主导当今世界各国军队心理战发展潮流和趋向的重要力量。把握美国军事心理作战发展的历程及其特点,有助于进一步研究和揭示心理战发展的内在规律,积极构建、创新和发展适应打赢信息化条件下局部战争要求的富有中国特色的现代心理战理论体系。     

信息心理战行动中态度改变研究

信息心理战行动的最终目的是要实现目标对象的态度改变.从整个作用流程来看,目标对象态度改变的主要影响因素涉及到心理战信息、目标对象等.从态度的各构成要素出发,信息心理战行动中要改变目标对象的态度就必须从加大心理战信息的认同度,有效破解目标对象的认知;实施高强度的心理战信息,有效影响目标对象的情感;不断强化心理战信息,改变...     

伊拉克战争美军心理战特点及启示

美国围绕“打伊倒萨”而实施的心理战,是一场超越传统理念、超越战场空间、超越作战进程的现代心理战,其运筹谋划的战略性、参战力量的多元性、方法手段的综合性、作战效果的明显性,都是前所未有的。研究美国心理战的特点,对我们加强心理战理论研究,全面推进军事斗争准备,有着深刻的启示。     

心理战构成要素探析

信息化条件下的心理战是借助于语言和非语言信息对作战对象施加影响,从而达到己方战略目标的斗争方式,其构成要素多种多样,主要包括斗争主体、斗争客体、斗争媒介、斗争目的等重要方面。研究心理战的构成要素,既是心理战运行机制特点及规律的需要,也是确定科学有效的心理战战法的需要,对于提高心理战主体的影响力、准确把握心理战客体身心状态特点和规律、增强心理战主体的信息制作和传输能力,全面提升心理战作战效能等,都具有十分重要的意义。一、心理战构成要素的心理学依据人的心理是在活动中形成的人脑对客观现实的能动反映,而人的心理…     

信息化战争条件下心理战的训练方式纵览

心理战作为信息化战争的重要作战样式,必须具备相应的作战能力才能充分发挥作战效能。着力加强心理战的训练,则是提高其作战能力的关键环节和必要途径。从国外军事教育训练理论与实践的发展趋势来看,实施心理战基地化、模拟化、网络化的训练方式,对于生成与提高其作战能力具有十分重要的作用。一、实施心理战基地化训练的主要方式心理战基地化训练是对其各作战单元、各作战要素进行的专项训练和综合集成训练的统一。它是一项非常复杂的系统工程,有其特殊的训练方式。其主要方式有以下几种:(一)针对性训练针对性训练是指心理战训练必须瞄准未…     

试论心理战的实质

研究与创新心理战的理论与实践,首先必须把握其实质。心理战的实质可概括为:精神信息战的重要方式;政治作战的特殊手段;一体化联合作战的重要组成部分。     

战略心理战的技术支撑

人类伊始,就存在物理战和心理战两种基本的作战样式.心理战不但发生于物理战前,而且贯穿于物理战始终,物理战则是心理战失效后的无奈选择.战略心理战,是指为贯彻国家意志、维护国家利益而在国家层面展开的对他国或地区实施的以左右社会认知为主的心理作战.今天的心理战之所以普遍上升到战略层面,并且成为一种常见形式,正是技术发展的结果.本文旨在回答三个问题:即战略心理战为何需要技术?需要怎样的技术?以及我们如何创造技术?     

心理防护：一个必须精心打造的盾牌——江西省丰城市人武部探索民兵心理防护训练的一段经历

心理战,作为一种作战样式,对决定战争胜负发挥着重要怍用。新颁布的《中国人民解放军政治工作条例》已将心理战列为实现政治工作作战功能的基本途径之一。为加强民兵预备役心理战教育训练,努力形成心理战实战能力,江西省丰城市人武部积极发挥政治工作作战功能,大力加强民兵预备役心理防护训练的研究探索,其做法值得参考借鉴。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.