无源激光敌我识别系统作用距离

分析了无源激光敌我识别系统组成和工作原理;对系统的光束传输过程进行等效,利用激光波长、束散角、峰值功率等激光参数,推导出了基于高斯光束理论的光束传输模型;采取高斯光束衍生的方法,解决高斯光束通过硬边光阑的传输问题;在考虑大气衰减的基础上,仿真计算了激光敌我识别系统工作中回波信号能量密度与系统作用距离的关系,分析了提高系统作用距离的途径.研究结果一方面对于无源激光敌我识别设备的研制具有借鉴意义,另一方面可以为评估无源激光敌我识别设备作用距离提供支持.     

温度对半导体激光器退化的影响

采取等效电路模型仿真和加速退化试验相结合的方法研究温度对半导体激光器不同退化模式的影响规律。针对半导体激光器有源区退化和腔面退化进行分析,发现有源区退化会使半导体激光器阈值电流增大,而腔面退化会使半导体激光器斜率效率减小;进行了半导体激光器热特性建模与仿真,发现温度升高会使半导体激光器阈值电流增大;利用半导体激光器加速退化试验平台进行了半导体激光器加速退化试验。仿真与试验结果证明:温度升高会加剧半导体激光器腔面退化,而对有源区退化无显著影响。上述结论对进一步完善半导体激光器温度-退化仿真模型,研究温度对半导体激光器退化的作用机理和防护措施有积极作用。     

弹引系统攻角侵彻混凝土仿真与试验研究

利用弹体非正侵彻的计算模型对弹体非正侵彻过程中弹头表面阻力进行了分析,提出了弹目非正侵彻控制方程.利用有限元分析软件LS-DYNA对弹引系统在不同攻角下侵彻混凝土靶板时的轴向过载、横向过载、横向偏移以及弹体姿态角等的变化进行了仿真分析,得出了弹体横向过载与姿态角的对应关系.实弹试验结果与理论计算及数值仿真结果吻合较好....     

低阶像差校正的压电驱动变形镜测试与仿真优化

光纤激光器输出光束带有波前畸变,制约了光学系统的性能和工作效率。搭建实验系统分析了超连续谱光纤激光器系统输出光束的像差特性,不同波长的滤波片测试像差均以离焦为主。根据这一特点制备了3单元单层横向压电驱动变形镜样镜,并进行特性测试。变形镜影响函数有限元仿真和实测吻合度可达77%以上,一阶谐振频率12. 1 k Hz。以实际像差为对象进行闭环仿真,校正精度达到0. 77。另外,从校正精度及行程两个方面对变形镜进行了有限元优化仿真。结果 9单元变形镜(有效口径7. 5 mm)校正精度达到0. 9左右。镜片与压电片厚度比存在最优值约0. 3,行程可提升60%以上。     

大深度无动力运载器弹道散布影响因素分析

潜射导弹无动力运载器弹道散布特性是导弹后续弹道和运载器分离体水下散布的重要影响因素,决定其散布的主要因素有初始弹道参数和海洋环境扰动等.建立了运载器空间运动数学模型,利用数理统计中的正交试验法安排实验,对不同工况下运载器上浮弹道进行仿真,通过极差分析确定影响因素的主次关系,利用方差分析法和F检验确定影响因素的显著性.仿真结果表明:横向海流对弹道散布半径影响显著,绕x和y轴的初始角速度及横向海流对位移影响不显著.研究结果可以为弹道规划和运载器加工制造提供一定参考.     

电液伺服系统的仿真与自校正PID控制器的设计

对一个试验用电液伺服系统进行了理论建模和仿真研究 ,引入了一个非线性状态方程模型来描述电液伺服系统的动态特性 .通过仿真结果与实际系统的响应相比较 ,验证了所建立的理论模型的准确性 .在此仿真模型基础上 ,设计了一个适用的自校正PID控制器 ,并且对其控制特性进行了仿真研究     

实现小发散角矩形光束的LED光学系统设计

为了获得小发散角的矩形光束,首先设计了一种LED光学系统。该光学系统由一个透镜和一个反射器组成,可以用于船舶航行时的远距离可见光引导。其中,透镜完成横向光束的准直以及部分纵向光束的发散角压缩,反射器完成剩余纵向方向光束发散角的压缩。然后,对反射器的光线反射方式进行了改进,获得了更好的发散角压缩效果。仿真结果表明:该光学系统可以实现横向发散角为3°,且纵向发散角可以是不同小角度的矩形光束,当纵向发散角为10°时,出射光效达到82.8%。     

远程防空导弹的新型弹道优化设计

针对新型目标的运动学特性,在总结了传统的远程拦截导弹飞行弹道基础上,建立了快速介入拦截弹道模型并对弹道进行了仿真,并对仿真结果进行了分析。同时利用hp-自适应伪谱法以拦截时间最小为优化目标对其进行了优化。优化结果表明,快速介入拦截弹道能够很好的同时满足拦截快速性和较大横向修偏能力的需求。     

枪发侦察弹外弹道仿真与试验

为了研究枪发侦察弹外弹道特性,重点建立数学模型进行仿真,利用高速摄影机对实弹试验进行数据采集,仿真结果与试验数据对比验证了枪发侦察弹外弹道模型与仿真结果的有效性,可为侦察弹外弹道研究提供参考。     

模拟油罐油气混合物爆炸实验与数值仿真研究

对模拟油罐内油气混合物爆炸冲击波特性进行了研究.在直径为1 m的模拟油罐中进行了油气混合物爆炸模拟实验,建立了模拟油罐油气混合物爆炸的数值仿真模型,并借助大型商业软件Fluent6.2完成了数值仿真研究.数值仿真结果与实验值较为吻合.模拟实验和数值仿真研究的结果表明:油气体积分数、罐内初始温度等决定模拟油罐油气混合物爆炸压力的大小.油罐内爆炸压力波的振荡特性对金属油罐结构来说是有害的.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.