一种时空数据流中范围聚集查询共享策略

根据查询谓词的相似性来实现计算共享是数据流查询优化的主要策略之一,主要针对时空数据流中基于滑动窗口的范围聚集问题进行查询优化,采用时间片段和空间片段分别描述滑动窗口之间和空间范围谓词之间的重叠。提出基于时空分片技术将时空数据流元组分成互不重叠的时空片段。范围聚集查询首先基于时空片段生成中间结果,然后根据查询条件与时空片段的映射关系生成查询结果。实验表明,提出的时空分片策略能大大提高时空数据流中范围聚集查询的性能。     

基于扩展时空距离度量的连续k近邻查询方法

针对基于TPR树索引的连续k近邻查询,引入了一种新的时空距离度量最小最大距离函数作为TPR树索引搜索时节点剪枝上界。提出了一种采用最优优先策略的基于扩展时空距离度量的连续k近邻查询STM-CNN算法,利用最小距离函数进行TPR树索引节点搜索时访问排序,并使用最小最大距离函数对TPR树索引进行剪枝界定。     

编队防空多通道-多目标匹配策略研究北大核心

针对舰艇编队防空武器组织中的多通道与多目标的匹配问题,提出一种基于策略的方法。根据双边匹配决策理论,给出防空多通道-多目标匹配问题的相关描述,进一步提出基于稳定性和效益最大的2种匹配策略,并阐述了策略意图和相应的实现算法,以此得到通过定制双边匹配策略来获得编队防空多通道与多目标匹配方案的方法。最后通过一个实例来说明使用该方法解决此类问题的可行性和有效性。     

编队防空多通道-多目标匹配策略研究

针对舰艇编队防空武器组织中的多通道与多目标的匹配问题,提出一种基于策略的方法。根据双边匹配决策理论,给出防空多通道-多目标匹配问题的相关描述,进一步提出基于稳定性和效益最大的2种匹配策略,并阐述了策略意图和相应的实现算法,以此得到通过定制双边匹配策略来获得编队防空多通道与多目标匹配方案的方法。最后通过一个实例来说明使用该方法解决此类问题的可行性和有效性。     

地磁匹配算法研究框架和组合匹配策略

以空中无人平台为背景,研究了地磁辅助惯性导航系统。分析了地磁匹配的特点,给出了一维匹配的概念。从特征空间、相似性度量、搜索空间、搜索策略等四个方面对一维匹配进行了分析,建立了一个地磁匹配方法研究的框架。通过简化惯导解算过程,将一维地磁匹配归结为一个带补偿过程的仿射变换,并提出了一种基于等值线约束的组合匹配算法。该算法兼顾了匹配的全局搜索能力和局部定位能力,能在飞行过程中在线进行。在仿真和车载实验中,对算法的匹配精度、速度、适应性进行了分析和验证,检验了算法的有效性和可行性。     

基于贝叶斯决策的图像检索相关反馈方法研究

为了有效解决基于内容图像检索中“语义鸿沟”问题,利用贝叶斯决策理论估计图像检索中相关图像集与不相关图像集合的分类面,通过移动查询点的策略,指导新一轮的查询,将查询点移向好的范例点而远离坏的范例点。试验证明该方法是一种有效的基于统计分析的反馈方法。     

基于改进近邻传播算法的Walsh软扩频盲解扩方法

针对现代二次雷达系统通信中存在的Walsh软扩频难以盲解扩问题,借鉴常规扩频解扩方法及聚类分析,提出了一种基于近邻传播算法的Walsh软扩频盲解扩方法。该方法首先对接收信号进行采样得到目标结构数据集合,并根据统计量估计得出信号时延。然后采用改进近邻传播算法进行伪码集合估计,并得到聚类中心从而得到伪码集合。最后利用已知的Walsh码和信息码的映射关系得到信息序列,完成盲解扩问题。仿真结果表明,在白噪声条件下,可有效解决Walsh软扩频盲解扩问题,性能较同类算法均有提升并降低算法复杂度。     

扩张状态观测器的机动目标跟踪算法

跟踪算法是自动跟踪火控系统的关键.提出了一种新的基于模板匹配的跟踪算法,可应用于实时的跟踪系统.该算法由扩张状态观测器(ESO)和序贯相似性(SSDA)匹配算法组成.首先使用扩张状态观测器,可以预测出目标在下一帧图像中的位置,再使用SSDA算法,在预测位置的邻域内进行搜索从而获得目标的准确位置.基于扩张状态观测器的模板匹配算法减少了搜索位置,提高了算法的效率,同时也克服了传统卡尔曼滤波用于目标预测时需要目标模型已知且滤波时间长的缺点.仿真实验证明该算法可以满足实时性要求.     

基于DMFT的空间目标微动特征提取

空间目标的高速轨道运动,会导致微动曲线的展宽和走动,将对后续的微动特征提取产生不利影响。针对这一问题,提出了一种基于离散匹配傅里叶变换(DMFT)的空间目标微动特征提取方法。首先分析了高速空间目标的信号回波模型;其次,根据回波信号的特点提出了一种基于DMFT的补偿参数估计的方法;最后,采用Hough变换提取了目标的微动特征。仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性和鲁棒性,结果表明微动特征的提取精度得到了明显提高。     

结合局部描述和拓扑约束的直线段匹配算法

针对弱纹理目标匹配问题,提出了一种基于直线局部邻域梯度信息和全局结构信息的直线匹配算法:对均值标准差直线描述符进行改进用于初始匹配;利用直线间的全局拓扑结构滤除误匹配;利用迭代拓扑滤波寻找更多的匹配,同时引入全局角度约束提高算法效率并进一步滤除错误匹配。实验表明,在光照变化、图像旋转、图像模糊、尺度变换、视点变化等条件下,该方法都具有很强的鲁棒性,并在匹配效率和准确度上优于现有的两种比较流行的方法。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.