基于混合时钟三阶DDS的信号多普勒模拟方法

在高动态卫星导航信号模拟器中,信号多普勒频移模拟是一项关键技术。结合现场可编程门阵列的特点,建立了分析混合时钟三阶直接数字频率综合(DDS)输出相位的仿真模型,推导了其输出相位表达式,给出了各阶DDS初始累加控制字的计算方法,并指出等时钟三阶DDS仿真模型仅为混合时钟仿真模型的特例。在分析了混合时钟速率对信号相位模拟造成的误差后,讨论了各阶DDS的字长设计方法,并与等时钟三阶DDS进行比较,说明了采用混合时钟三阶DDS可以降低实现资源消耗和功耗。仿真分析表明,所提方法可以实现对信号多普勒特性的高精度模拟。     

一种相控阵雷达多通道同步方法

相控阵雷达采用多通道工作方式后增加了自由度并提升了系统性能.针对雷达遇到的同步问题,提出一种相控阵雷达多通道同步方法.该方法首先采用同步触发方式对单个时钟芯片进行同步,然后对多个时钟芯片的同步信号进行精确延时调整,最后采用一种自适应采样窗口中心调节方法实现多个高速模数转换器的同步.将其应用于实际雷达产品,实测结果表明,...     

DDS输出信号频谱结构的系统分析

首先介绍了直接数字合成(DDS)技术的基本原理和理想情况下DDS的输出信号频谱结构,然后分析了工程实际中DDS的误差信号来源,从信号与系统理论的角度解释了相位截断和幅度量化引起的DDS输出信号频谱的杂散,并在最后对D/A的非理想特性和参考时钟相位噪声的影响作了简要的说明。     

交织结构的耐单粒子瞬变压控振荡器

为提高辐照环境下振荡器工作的可靠性,提出一种交织结构的抗辐照设计加固压控振荡器(Voltage-Controlled Oscillator,VCO),该VCO由采用交织结构的延时单元构成,该延时单元支持多数表决功能,可以抑制单粒子瞬变的影响;该VCO环路中无须引入额外的专用表决模块,可以产生均匀的多相位输出。所提出的加固差分VCO是基于130 nm体硅互补金属氧化物半导体工艺设计的。模拟结果表明,所设计的加固VCO在100 fC~800 fC沉积电荷量的轰击范围内,其所产生的最大相位偏移不超过0.35 rad。     

基于锁相环的GNSS授时接收机钟差校准算法

GNSS(全球卫星导航系统)授时接收机利用卫星导航信号获取钟差并校准本地时钟,从而与GNSS系统时间同步。提出了全新的基于锁相环的GNSS授时接收机钟差校准算法,将钟差校准过程等效为传统的锁相环模型,鉴相器的功能由PVT(位置、速度与时间)解算实现,压控振荡器的功能由本地时间调整接口实现,环路将本地秒相位与GNSS系统的秒相位锁定。分析了环路总误差的组成,以及环路参数与各误差项的关系,给出了误差最小的环路优化设计准则。在北斗二号卫星导航接收机平台上进行了对比实验,验证了算法的有效性。     

相位噪声对调频步进雷达信号的影响

频率源相位噪声的指标直接影响频率源性能,因而建立相位噪声与相关雷达指标之间的关系为频综设计者确定频率源相噪指标、改善雷达性能具有一定的参考意义.结合频率稳定度理论,基于调频步进雷达系统的信号模型,分析得出,频率源相位噪声在信号处理过程中发生混叠现象;并比较得出在相噪和相噪混叠对多点目标成像的影响中,相嗓的影响起主要作用.     

时钟漂移对GPS/BD2组合系统精度影响分析

首先针对GPS时钟漂移,推导了计算位置误差的表达式,然后对GPS/BD2组合系统的时钟漂移进行了分析和修正,并利用模拟信号源提供的信号进行了仿真.结果表明:经过时钟漂移修正后,定位精度有了一定的提高,验证了仿真结果.     

数字移动卫星通信系统的信道频率稳定度

本文首先定量分析了数字移动卫星通信系统的信道频率偏差．包括链路上频率源的不精确性和通信端点之间相对运动所产生的多普勒频移．并在此基础上．讨论了系统设计中各频率源频率稳定度的合理要求．以及采取的频率校正措施．接着定量分析了在Ricean衰落信道下．对调相信号．由于AWGN．链路频率源相位噪声和Ricean衰落所应所引起的载波跟踪误差．在此基础上．讨论了系统设计中各频率源相位噪声的合理要求．     

外部硬时钟在半实物仿真中的应用北大核心

为保证高动态运动下的仿真可信度以及三轴转台、高精度惯导等仿真设备的安全,通常对于半实物仿真系统具有严格的实时性要求。提出一种以Windows+RTX实时系统平台为基础,使用外部硬件时钟产生定时信号的定时方案。使系统运行周期定时任务时具有良好的时钟定时精度。大量测试对比结果表明,在系统高负荷运行时外部硬时钟定时的方法比使用软时钟定时的方法体现出了更高的稳定度与定时精度。在分布式实时仿真系统中该方法具有重要工程应用价值。     

攻击单元延期起爆时间的确定

对于由探测子系统、控制子系统和攻击子系统三部分组成的一类超近程拦截系统,控制子系统分析来袭目标,确定最佳攻击时间或距离并适时向攻击子系统下达攻击指令,根据系统的工作原理,控制子系统是根据目标弹的速度为引信提供延时起爆信号,只有延时准确系统才能发挥最佳的作战效能,因此确定攻击单元延期起爆时间是有意义的.运用概率论方法,分析了不同类型的探测子系统在探测得到不同参数条件下,攻击单元延期起爆时间的不同表达式,为不同的超近程拦截系统攻击单元延期起爆时同的选定提供了理论参考.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.