基于物联网技术的应急物流军民协同保障系统

结合物联网技术的应用和发展情况,分析了构建基于物联网技术的应急物流军民协同保障系统的意义;设计了基于物联网技术的应急物流军民保障系统框架,由事件感知、信息传输、数据提取、技术支撑、应用服务、协同保障和用户决策7个环节组成,并对基于物联网技术的应急物流军民保障系统的功能结构进行了分析;建立了基于物联网技术的应急物流军民保障系统的流程,分为事件感知、事件响应和事件收尾3个阶段并进行了分析。该系统对于实现应急物流军民协同快速保障具有一定的参考价值。     

应急物流保障与军地物流一体化研究

应急物流与军事物流都是在特殊条件下发生的物流活动,研究应急物流与军地物流一体化对于促进军事物流的发展具有重要意义.简述了应急物流的基本问题,分析了实现应急物流保障的基本条件:需要完善的应急法律体系、功能健全的应急指挥机构以及高效可靠的应急物流保障平台,阐明了军地物流一体化与应急物流的区别、军地物流一体化的重要作用,并对军地物流一体化下的应急物流保障模式进行了研究.     

军队应急物流协同决策多智能体系统模型研究

为解决军队应急物流协同决策优化问题,在分析应急物流保障过程的基础上,提出了一种改进的军队应急物流两级协同决策工作流;以此为基础,结合本体建模方法和多智能体技术,建立了军队应急物流协同决策多智能体系统模型,并对该模型的关键功能、核心智能体以及半自治指挥控制机制进行了设计。军队应急物流协同决策多智能体系统模型采用了集中控制与有限自治相结合的半自治控制模式,并以本体作为异构信息集成的基础,有效控制了应急物流环境动态性、不确定性与异构性,准确反映了军队应急物流组织指挥特点,为军队应急物流联合指挥决策提供了有效的工作流程与系统模型参考。     

军事虚拟仓库组织结构的博弈分析

简要介绍了军事虚拟仓库及其组织结构形式．以及博弈论的相关知识。结合军事后勤系统的特点,采用完全信息静态博弈纳什均衡的方法分析了军事虚拟仓库的组织结构模式,在假设的合理的条件下模拟3种组织形式的博弈过程。通过各个模型的最终纳什均衡,指出了3种组织结构形式运作的结果和其积极因素、消极因素、噪声构成．结合我军现有的后勤保障体制,提出现行保障体制的合理与不合理的地方,并给出了改进方案,对优化全军后方仓库布局及管理和战备物资储备及应急保障有着重要意义,可以为总部决策提供咨询建议。     

军事虚拟仓库的结构分析

军事虚拟仓库可以有效改进我国当前军事仓库物资储备机制,健全储备结构,优化储备布局,提高储备效率。研究军事虚拟仓库对于促进军事物流的发展具有重要意义。对军事虚拟仓库的概念及作用进行了简单介绍,分析了其主要特点,并对军事虚拟仓库的信息网络结构、功能结构以及组织结构进行了研究。     

基于虚拟仓储的备件库存优化体系

根据虚拟仓储的特点,分析了虚拟仓库的资源基础,将库存资源、在运资源和部分在生产资源、在用资源纳入虚拟仓库控制之下,构建了一个由控制层、资源层和储备层构成的库存优化体系结构,给出了其包含实体仓库、控制中心、生产单位和使用单位在内的网络拓扑结构,并研究了相应的库存优化模型,为维修保障物资管理提供了一种新的方法和思路.     

物资仓库保障效能仿真模型的构建

物资仓库保障效能仿真模型就是立足物资仓库的实际,运用GPSS仿真语言对物资仓库保障的运作流程进行分析,运用GPSS仿真进行模拟仿真,并对相应的仿真数据进行分析。构建起物资仓库保障效能测度模型,应确立仿真系统的边界,明确物资仓库系统随机过程,采集所需数据。     

战疫视角下区块链推动应急物流发展研究

应急物流是应对突发事件的重要支撑,也在此次抗击疫情中发挥了重要作用。区块链技术的特点与应急物流有许多内在的契合点,有利于推动实现高效、可信、智能化的保障,提升应急物流建设水平,助力疫情防控与应急管理。本文基于疫情防控物资保障视角,着眼保障过程、信任机制和运行特点,采取理论论证与案例结合、技术分析与应用结合的方法,论证区块链在推动应急物流实现高效保障、信任治理和智能运行方面的现实应用和预期效果,并结合抗击疫情的现实提出相关对策建议,推动区块链技术在应急物流领域的创新应用,助力应急物流的高效保障、信任治理和智能运行,提升应急物资供应保障效率、信任治理水平和智能化程度。     

协同虚拟样机环境体系结构研究

协同虚拟样机 (CollaborativeVirtualPrototyping)是一种以一体化多学科设计和分析模型为核心的 ,由各种应用、底层支撑技术和标准组成的支持虚拟样机协同设计、建模和仿真的集成技术。首先介绍了协同虚拟样机的基本概念 ,接着对协同虚拟样机环境的概念和技术框架进行了分析。在对典型的虚拟样机环境体系结构进行分析的基础上 ,提出了支持武器装备虚拟采办的协同虚拟样机体系结构     

智能化军事物流保障技术体系研究

智能化军事物流保障技术体系是为满足多样化、多层次的军事物流活动技术需求,由多项技术复合组成,具有层次结构和体系化特征的技术集合,是保障军事物流系统快速、高效运行的重要支撑.运用系统工程原理,在分析军事物流的能力生成需求基础上,基于军事物流保障流程研究构建智能化军事物流保障技术体系,着重分析了其关键核心技术及对智能化军事物流保障的支撑作用,并从理论研究、协同创新、标准规范、人才培育等方面分析其支撑系统,为推动智能化军事物流保障技术发展提供理论支撑和方法启示.     

基于遗传算法的虚拟物流联合库存控制研究

针对随机需求条件下的虚拟物流库存控制问题进行了深入研究，提出了一种新的联合库存控制策略——（T，S，s）策略，建立了相应的库存成本模型，并构造遗传算法对模型进行求解。结果分析表明，所提出的（T，S，S）联合库存控制策略是有效的。     

Fixed‐interval joint‐replenishment policies for distribution systems with multiple retailers and stochastic demand

We consider a distribution system consisting of a central warehouse and a group of retailers facing independent stochastic demand. The retailers replenish from the warehouse, and the warehouse from an outside supplier with ample supply. Time is continuous. Most previous studies on inventory control policies for this system have considered stock‐based batch‐ordering policies. We develop a time‐based joint‐replenishment policy in this study. Let the warehouse set up a basic replenishment interval. The retailers are replenished through the warehouse in intervals that are integer multiples of the basic replenishment interval. No inventory is carried at the warehouse. We provide an exact evaluation of the long‐term average system costs under the assumption that stock can be balanced among the retailers. The structural properties of the inventory system are characterized. We show that, although it is well known that stock‐based inventory control policies dominate time‐based inventory control policies at a single facility, this dominance does not hold for distribution systems with multiple retailers and stochastic demand. This is because the latter can provide a more efficient mechanism to streamline inventory flow and pool retailer demand, even though the former may be able to use more updated stock information to optimize system performance. The findings of the study provide insights about the key factors that drive the performance of a multiechelon inventory control system. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 60: 637–651, 2013     

Capacitated warehouse location model with risk pooling

In this article, we introduce the capacitated warehouse location model with risk pooling (CLMRP), which captures the interdependence between capacity issues and the inventory management at the warehouses. The CLMRP models a logistics system in which a single plant ships one type of product to a set of retailers, each with an uncertain demand. Warehouses serve as the direct intermediary between the plant and the retailers for the shipment of the product and also retain safety stock to provide appropriate service levels to the retailers. The CLMRP minimizes the sum of the fixed facility location, transportation, and inventory carrying costs. The model simultaneously determines warehouse locations, shipment sizes from the plant to the warehouses, the working inventory, and safety stock levels at the warehouses and the assignment of retailers to the warehouses. The costs at each warehouse exhibit initially economies of scale and then an exponential increase due to the capacity limitations. We show that this problem can be formulated as a nonlinear integer program in which the objective function is neither concave nor convex. A Lagrangian relaxation solution algorithm is proposed. The Lagrangian subproblem is also a nonlinear integer program. An efficient algorithm is developed for the linear relaxation of this subproblem. The Lagrangian relaxation algorithm provides near‐optimal solutions with reasonable computational requirements for large problem instances. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

Optimal outbound dispatch policies: Modeling inventory and cargo capacity

In this paper, we present an optimization model for coordinating inventory and transportation decisions at an outbound distribution warehouse that serves a group of customers located in a given market area. For the practical problems which motivated this paper, the warehouse is operated by a third party logistics provider. However, the models developed here may be applicable in a more general context where outbound distribution is managed by another supply chain member, e.g., a manufacturer. We consider the case where the aggregate demand of the market area is constant and known per period (e.g., per day). Under an immediate delivery policy, an outbound shipment is released each time a demand is realized (e.g., on a daily basis). On the other hand, if these shipments are consolidated over time, then larger (hence more economical) outbound freight quantities can be dispatched. In this case, the physical inventory requirements at the third party warehouse (TPW) are determined by the consolidated freight quantities. Thus, stock replenishment and outbound shipment release policies should be coordinated. By optimizing inventory and freight consolidation decisions simultaneously, we compute the parameters of an integrated inventory/outbound transportation policy. These parameters determine: (i) how often to dispatch a truck so that transportation scale economies are realized and timely delivery requirements are met, and (ii) how often, and in what quantities, the stock should be replenished at the TPW. We prove that the optimal shipment release timing policy is nonstationary, and we present algorithms for computing the policy parameters for both the uncapacitated and finite cargo capacity problems. The model presented in this study is considerably different from the existing inventory/transportation models in the literature. The classical inventory literature assumes that demands should be satisfied as they arrive so that outbound shipment costs are sunk costs, or else these costs are covered by the customer. Hence, the classical literature does not model outbound transportation costs. However, if a freight consolidation policy is in place then the outbound transportation costs can no longer be ignored in optimization. Relying on this observation, this paper models outbound transportation costs, freight consolidation decisions, and cargo capacity constraints explicitly. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 531–556, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10030     

Warehouse sizing to minimize inventory and storage costs

This paper considers a warehouse sizing problem whose objective is to minimize the total cost of ordering, holding, and warehousing of inventory. Unlike typical economic lot sizing models, the warehousing cost structure examined here is not the simple unit rate type, but rather a more realistic step function of the warehouse space to be acquired. In the cases when only one type of stock‐keeping unit (SKU) is warehoused, or when multiple SKUs are warehoused, but, with separable inventory costs, closed form solutions are obtained for the optimal warehouse size. For the case of multi‐SKUs with joint inventory replenishment cost, a heuristic with a provable performance bound of 94% is provided. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 48: 299–312, 2001     

On the first come–first served rule in multi‐echelon inventory control

A two‐echelon distribution inventory system with a central warehouse and a number of retailers is considered. The retailers face stochastic demand and replenish from the warehouse, which, in turn, replenishes from an outside supplier. The system is reviewed continuously and demands that cannot be met directly are backordered. Standard holding and backorder costs are considered. In the literature on multi‐echelon inventory control it is standard to assume that backorders at the warehouse are served according to a first come–first served policy (FCFS). This allocation rule simplifies the analysis but is normally not optimal. It is shown that the FCFS rule can, in the worst case, lead to an asymptotically unbounded relative cost increase as the number of retailers approaches infinity. We also provide a new heuristic that will always give a reduction of the expected costs. A numerical study indicates that the average cost reduction when using the heuristic is about two percent. The suggested heuristic is also compared with two existing heuristics. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

Centralized inventory control in a two‐level distribution system with Poisson demand

This paper introduces a new replenishment policy for inventory control in a two‐level distribution system consisting of one central warehouse and an arbitrary number of nonidentical retailers. The new policy is designed to control the replenishment process at the central warehouse, using centralized information regarding the inventory positions and demand processes of all installations in the system. The retailers on the other hand are assumed to use continuous review (R, Q) policies. A technique for exact evaluation of the expected inventory holding and backorder costs for the system is presented. Numerical results indicate that there are cases when considerable savings can be made by using the new (α₀, Q₀) policy instead of a traditional echelon‐ or installation‐stock (R, Q) policy. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 798–822, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10040