登陆作战推演方案评估模型研究

依据作战仿真推演及登陆作战过程特点,基于作战推演方案评估框架,制定针对登陆作战想定的推演方案效能评估指标体系;提出结合主观权重、客观熵权的TOPSIS方法,构建了组合熵权TOPSIS作战推演方案评估模型;基于登陆作战想定,通过仿真推演试验验证了作战方案评估模型的合理性,结果表明,该模型对登陆作战仿真推演方案的效能评估可行有效,克服了复杂性、主观性不足等问题,为仿真推演作战评估提供了新的方法思路。     

基于云模型和FAHP熵权的空地弹药效能评估

准确、科学地评估空地弹药的作战效能,对武器装备的设计、研制、试验、采购、作战使用及维护具有重要的意义。充分利用云模型可将定性指标的模糊性和随机性有效结合的特点,构建了空地弹药作战效能的综合云评估模型。针对现有确定指标权重的方法存在主观性较强的不足,提出一种基于模糊层次分析法(FAHP)熵权的权重确定方法,有效利用了主观信息和客观信息。实例分析表明该模型可准确、客观、有效地评估空地弹药的作战效能。     

雷达组网作战效能的灰色聚类评估模型

在网络化作战条件下,雷达组网作战是地空导弹武器系统发展的必然。针对其效能评估指标的模糊性和相关性,提出了雷达组网作战效能评估指标体系,结合主观和客观权重来求取指标的组合权重,利用三角白化权函数来评价对象所属的灰类,建立了基于相邻优属度熵权的灰色聚类效能评估模型。通过对雷达组网作战效能的实例分析,验证了该方法的科学性和实用性。其效能评估结果可为雷达组网的优化部署和辅助决策提供一定的参考。     

弹道导弹突防效能灰色综合评估

影响弹道导弹突防效能的因素较多,采用层次分析方法建立弹道导弹突防效能评估指标体系。采用层次分析法和熵权法相结合的方法确定评估指标的组合权重,避免了评估时存在的主观随意性问题。提出基于组合权重-灰色聚类分析的效能评估方法,对弹道导弹突防效能进行灰色综合评估,案例分析表明,该方法简单易用,具有一定的实用性。     

IAHP和熵权相结合的TOPSIS法的空战目标威胁评估

针对空战目标威胁评估问题,提出了一种新的基于改进TOPSIS法的评估方法.该方法综合考虑了主观和客观因素,将运用区间层次分析法(Interval-based AHP,IAHP)求解出的威胁评估指标主观权重与运用熵权法求解出的威胁评估指标客观权重相融合得到组合权重.建立了改进的TOPSIS法评估空战目标威胁的数学模型.最后给出了评估实例,评估结果表明该方法是合理有效的.     

基于改进AHP的多传感器协同探测效能评估方法

为对多传感器协同探测效能进行准确、可信的评估,提出了一种基于改进层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,简称AHP)的效能评估方法.依据多传感器协同探测目的选取效能评估指标,采用层次分析法建立效能评估指标体系,利用经验值进行各指标权重赋值,并通过熵权法对各指标权重进行综合计算,最后得到效能评估值.算例验证表明,该方法能够进行全面、客观的效能评估,减小了主观因素干扰,对多机传感器协同探测的研究具有一定参考价值.     

基于模糊物元分析法的坦克作战效能评估

鉴于坦克作战效能评估中客观存在的不确定性和模糊性,提出了基于改进模糊物元分析方法的坦克作战效能评估模型。该模型在构建坦克作战效能评估指标体系基础上,将层次分析法和熵权法计算出的权重有机组合实现综合赋权,并据此建立坦克作战效能的模糊物元分析评估模型。实例分析表明,所提出的模型便于理解,易于实现,兼顾了主客观因素的影响,评估结果总体反映了坦克作战效能的真实水平,也为其他装甲武器作战效能的科学评估提供新思路。     

空袭目标威胁动态评估SPA法

针对防空作战中空袭目标威胁评估问题,提出了一种动态评估SPA(Set Pair Analysis)法.依据防空作战特点,构建了空袭目标威胁动态评估指标体系;在利用熵权理论确定评估指标主观权重以及AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process)法确定客观权重的基础上,运用最小二乘优化模型确定评估指标的综合权重;并在评估指标更新时刻权重的基础上,利用集对分析理论对空袭目标威胁程度进行评判.实例表明,该方法能够有效解决空袭目标威胁评估问题,为指挥决策提供一定的依据.     

相邻优属度熵权在地面防空部署评估中的应用

针对地面防空部署方案评估优选过程中各评价因素确定权重主观性强,评估方案结果可信度不高的问题,提出了运用相邻优属度熵权确定权重的方法。运用相邻优属度确定主观权重,熵权法求得客观权重,将主客观权重相组合求得综合权重,利用二级模糊综合评判对部署方案进行评估优选。通过实例验证表明,相邻优属度熵权在地面防空部署方案中应用价值高,与模糊综合评判相结合,能有效地解决评估中权重确定难、影响因素随机性大的问题,能使评估优选结果更具可信性。     

卫星通信网作战效能评估研究

通过对卫星通信网完成信息传输作战任务的能力分析,建立了卫星通信网作战效能评估指标体系;将模糊层次分析法和熵权法相结合,建立了确定指标权重向量的综合集成赋权模型,采用专家打分和隶属度函数法计算单因素模糊评估向量,采用相对状态特征值对评估结果进行处理,建立了模糊综合评估模型,实现了卫星通信网作战效能的评估,并对评估结果进行了分析。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

SIM—LISP:一个通信网络管理专家系统外壳的设计与实现

本文介绍了笔者为开发名为OONMES的网络管理专家系统所实现的一个简单专家系统工具SIM-LISP。SIM-LISP是一个用C/C++语言来实现的模拟LISP语言的可调用函数集,它短小精巧,速度快,可以完成针对网管专家系统的事实或规则知识的表示、匹配、合一和推理等基本操作,并有与知识对象的连接功能,是网管专家系统内核实现的支撑环境。     

Al Qaida on the US invasion of Afghanistan in their own words

This article consists of selected translations from captured interviews and dairies of Al Qaida members. The time period covered is from mid-2001 to early 2002 and concerns their operations in Afghanistan. The material clearly conveys a range of emotion, from confident to despondent, as well as efforts to contest the US actions. The first several pages give the reader context and some possible “lessons learned,” but the story(ies) are best told by the Al Qaida members themselves. All names are pseudonyms.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.