综合火力／飞行控制系统空对空射击模态的半物理仿真研究

采用半实物仿真方法研究了综合火力／飞行控制系统的动态特性、作战有效性和工程实现的可行性。文中给出了系统的数学模型、系统的硬件结构和仿真试验结果。结果表明,综合火力／飞行控制系统可以减少瞄准过程时间,增加可射击时间,提高瞄准精度和系统稳定性,扩大攻击范围（全向攻击）,减轻飞行员工作负担,提高载机生存力。因而是很有发展前途的一种航空火力控制新概念。实验也表明工程实现是可能的。     

考虑降雨影响的飞机生存力模型与仿真分析

为研究更符合实际战场环境的飞机作战生存力,以降雨这一自然环境为典型,建立了雨杂波干扰下雷达对飞机的探测概率模型以及飞机生存力模型。认为飞机的RCS是Swerling起伏目标,通过确定综合信干比和最小可检测信噪比,采用蒙特卡罗法,利用MATLAB仿真了在雨杂波干扰和杂波抑制综合作用下飞机的生存力与距离的关系,并重点讨论了雷达波长和降雨状况对飞机生存力的影响。结论认为:在S波段内,降雨使飞机的生存力有一定程度的提高,且随着降雨量的增大和敌方雷达波长的减小,飞机生存力的提高更为明显;考虑降雨状况的影响,对于飞机生存力的研究是具有一定实际意义的。     

基于突防任务的军机生存能力幂指数评估方法

军机生存能力是军机作战效能的重要指标,为定量化研究影响军机生存能力的相关因素,采用幂指数法与层次分析法相结合的方法构建军机生存能力评估模型,为解决军机生存能力指数评估问题提供了一种新的方法。     

美军飞机易损性实弹测试现状及启示

飞机易损性分析与评估是指对飞机在战斗状态下遭受攻击后受损的难易程度的评价,是衡量飞机战斗性能的重要指标。研究飞机易损性对于飞机高生存力设计和飞机战伤预测评估具有重要意义。本文首先简要介绍了飞机易损性分析的一般方法与流程,收集并整理了美军飞机易损性实弹测试的历史沿革和条件建设现状,同时以F-35整机、F135发动机和C27机翼油箱为例介绍了易损性实弹测试的方法。可以发现,在制度层面上,美军已经形成了由实弹测试机构、装备供应商以及军队用户三方联合协作的标准化、制度化的飞机易损性实弹测试体系;同时,其所建立的实弹测试平台力求更加真实地模拟战场环境,能够有效实现部件/子系统在特定工况下使用功能的监控,测试结果能够有效支撑飞机毁伤树与部件/子系统毁伤判据的构建,从而确保测试结果可以有效指导飞机的低易损性设计。     

远海护航行动中舰载直升机巡逻警戒空域的设置

针对远海伴随护航过程中舰载直升机巡逻警戒空域设置问题，在分析影响舰载直升机巡逻警戒空域设置因素及确定舰载直升机巡逻警戒方式的基础上，结合被护船只的数量和队形，从舰载直升机有效震慑海盗，确保被护船队安全的要求出发，构建了舰载直升机巡逻警戒空域范围的计算模型，对舰载直升机远海伴随护航行动中巡逻警戒空域的设置问题进行了量化研究，所得结论可为舰载直升机巡逻警戒空域的优化设置提供理论指导和使用参考。     

WSEIAC模型的中远程空空导弹武器系统效能分析

依据中远程空空导弹武器平台系统的战术指标,建立了中远程空空导弹武器平台系统的效能评价体系.对ADC扩展模型中的人为因素K进行了修正,在能力矩阵C中增加对载机生存能力和信息支持能力的体现.在此基础上给出了修正扩展模型下的系统效能,计算了在原始ADC模型下的系统效能,并对两种模型下的效能差异进行了比较.     

直升机野战油料保障模拟优化研究

野战条件下,场站通常在前沿阵地开设野战直升机场实施伴随保障,其中油料保障主要采取飞机加油车先对直升机实施加油,后到野战机场油库领取油料这一方式进行。若将野战直升机场油料保障作为一个系统来研究,要实现适时、适量的油料保障,确定合适的飞机加油车及野战机场油库发油鹤位数量是一个关键问题。利用GPSSW语言对这一问题进行模拟,得出模拟结果并进行统计分析,经反复模拟和参数比较得到适合的参数,为部队保障提供依据。     

电子战条件下飞机敏感性分析及其减缩技术

介绍了电子战和飞机生存力及敏感性的内涵,构建了飞机敏感性量化评价指标层次体系。定性分析了电子干扰对雷达探测概率和导弹脱靶距离标准差的影响,并以算例说明了干扰效能的增大会引起导弹制导精度的降低和脱靶距离的增大,从而得出:电子干扰对飞机的敏感性和生存概率有重要的影响。引入了干扰效能因子的概念,并分析了将干信比J/S作为一种干扰效能因子考虑的可行性及优点。最后给出了降低飞机敏感性的电子战措施。     

基于差分GPS技术的舰载雷达动态标校

提出了一种基于差分GPS技术的舰载雷达动态标校方法,给出了根据大地坐标计算目标真值的算法;设计了一种舰载搜索雷达与跟踪雷达之间同步测量和适用于海上活动平台多传感器之间动态标校的数据处理方法。海上实践表明,这种方法具有精度高、实时性强的特点。     

Fatigue crack propagation in a helicopter component subjected to impact damage

Damage tolerant methodology is increasingly used in aeronautical components,especially due the fact that the Aviation Regulation requires such an assessment in case an accidental damage occurs.At pre-sent,there is a strong and actual interest in applying such procedures to helicopter components that are subjected to high frequency cyclic loads.In this paper,an investigation on a damaged transmission shaft for a tail rotor transmission of an actual helicopter has been carried out focusing on the fatigue crack propagation.A complete sequence of experimental tests was performed in order to create an actual ballistic damage and to subsequently check the damage tolerant behaviour.The shaft was damaged by oblique ballistic impact and was subsequently subjected to torsional fatigue loading.During the fatigue cycles several cracks propagated from the ballistic damages.Both of these steps(impact and fatigue loading)were also simulated by a complex modelling approach based on Finite Element Models and fracture mechanics theory.The comparison between the experimental and numerical results shows a good agreement but it underlines the need for a very refined modelling technique capable to replicate all the features associated with the damage in order to reliably simulate the subsequent propagation phase.     

The modern naval fortress: an additional sea denial option for coastal states

As fixed facilities, naval fortresses seem unlikely to be important in a sea denial strategy which is usually about mobility, but new defence technologies and the changing geostrategic environment may revive the concept of the fortress. Extended ranges of anti-ship means allow onshore firepower to engage enemies over distance, even beyond the economic exclusive zones where most maritime territorial disputes occur. In the face of size limits on missile warheads that constrain their destruction of hardened targets, various active and passive defence technologies against missiles can enhance the survivability of onshore fortresses. Furthermore, onshore locations give fortresses the advantage of being unsinkable and able to accommodate greater energy and firepower capacity in contrast to vessels, as well as other mobile platforms. The onshore nature of fortresses also gives a different political meaning to being attacked, for the clear violation of sovereignty, as opposed to vessels and aircraft in a disputed space. However, the fact those fortresses are not invincible means cooperation with other existing capabilities still necessary. The case of Vietnam demonstrates how fortresses could strengthen the inferior defence capability of a coastal state vis-à-vis. a stronger sea power.     

Simultaneous equation production functions (cobb-douglas type) for decisions pertaining to sea-based tactical air resources

This paper proposes the use of a set of simultaneous, modified Cobb-Douglas production functions to determine the “best” mix of aircraft inputs (men, spare parts, support equipment, etc.) to achieve certain levels of output. The simultaneous equations are “solved” by the use of proxy values in an iterative search process. Tests of this production function model indicate that real world data fits quite well (R² ranges from 0.884 to 0.951) and the residuals do not appear to have any significant bias. The aircraft production functions for several types of aircraft (F-4, A-7, A-6, A-4) have been maximized for a fixed budget and specific constraints. A potential increase in output of up to 10 percent appears possible. In general the marginal value of spare parts surpasses the other inputs.     

Simulation on the dynamic stability derivatives of battle-structure-damaged aircrafts

Accurately evaluating the aerodynamic performance of a battle-structure-damaged aircraft is essential to enable the pilot to optimize the flight control strategy. Based on CFD and rigid dynamic mesh techniques, a numerical method is developed to calculate the longitudinal and longitudinal-lateral coupling forces and moments with small amplitude sinusoidal pitch oscillation, and the corresponding dynamic de-rivatives of two fragment-structure-damaged and two continuous-rod-damaged models modified from the SACCON UAV. The results indicate that, at the reference point set in this paper, additional positive damping is generated in fragment-damaged configurations; thus, the absolute values of the negative pitch dynamic derivative increase. The missing wingtip induces negative pitch damping on the aircraft and decreases the value of the pitch dynamic derivative. The missing middle wing causes a noticeable increase in the absolute value of the pitch dynamic derivative;the missing parts on the right wing cause the aircraft to roll to the right side in the dynamic process, and the pitch-roll coupling cross dynamic derivatives are positive. Moreover, the values of these derivatives increase as the damaged area on the right wing increases, and an optimal case with the smallest cross dynamic derivative can be found to help improve the survivability of damaged aircraft.     

一种新的系统生存性量化分析方法

信息化战争条件下,雷达组网系统面临着严峻的"舒特"攻击。通过将攻防过程描述为拟生灭过程,对系统建立了数学模型,定量地来刻画系统所面临的安全威胁,并给出重要性能指标的计算方法。数值分析结果证明了模型的正确性,对于定量分析雷达组网系统生存性提供了一种新思路。     

无人攻击机生存力评估方法

首先介绍了无人攻击机的国内外发展现状和趋势,然后阐述了无人攻击机的特点,分析了与生存力密切相关的各分项能力之间的关系,提出了一种建立无人攻击机生存力评估的综合指数模型;同时确定了模型中各分项能力的评估模型。最后以6种无人攻击机的生存力评估为例计算并检验了模型的可用性。     

编队超视距空战效能评估方法

现有的两步裁定空战模型大多直接借鉴基于飞机易损性的先敌发射概率计算方法,而各种飞机的易损性无法通过解析模型来获取,因此降低了模型的通用性.在现有的研究基础上提出了作战飞机先敌发射指数概念,并基于空战双方的先敌发射指数提出了新的先敌发射概率计算模型和更为具体的编队超视距空战效能评估模型.最后给出了相关实例进行验证.     

飞机机翼结构损伤仿真研究

飞机结构的战伤模式及战伤程度预测对于制定战场抢修预案及改进战斗生存力设计具有重要意义。采用计算机模拟仿真技术定量分析了飞机机翼结构遭受射弹攻击后的损伤情况。通过损伤仿真讨论了3类情形,一是机翼结构受到简单的侵彻后的冲击效应;二是高速射弹攻击带有翼盒的机翼,而产生流体动力冲压效应;三是在射弹冲击模型中增加爆炸条件,研究射弹以任意角度冲击不同的位置产生的耦合效应。基于AN SY S/LS-DYNA仿真,给出了机翼结构损伤的结果,结论为战伤飞机战场抢修的快速评估提供了科学依据,也为飞机平时修理提供了参考。     

轻型鱼雷及飞机投放装置

本文主要概述了轻型鱼雷的性能、飞机空投鱼雷使用条件及飞机投放鱼雷装置,同时也对主要直升机性能作了概括。这对于使用轻型鱼雷进行空投反潜具有重要参考价值。     

飞行控制系统的重构技术研究

飞行控制系统的重构技术可以有效地提高飞行器的生存能力和任务效能,已成为现代飞行器综合设计领域的热门研究专题之一.介绍了飞控系统重构技术的发展历史及现状,对目前几种重要的飞行控制系统重构方法进行了概述和分析,总结了飞控系统重构技术领域里的一些热点问题,最后展望了未来飞控系统重构技术的发展趋势.     

CIVIL SOCIETY AND VIOLENCE—HOW TO MANAGE IN THE TOWNSHIPS WITHOUT THE ARMY

This article discusses the validity of national security threats in Botswana and whether they justified the creation of the Directorate of Intelligence and Security Services (DISS), which has been controversial since its formation. Since its inception in 2008, the DISS has been accused of many human rights violations and politicisation. Without fully deliberating on the basis for its creation, some discourses have focused on the politicised operations without relation to what the DISS is supposed to be doing. The author works under the assumption that debates should be shaped by whether it was necessary to create the DISS, and, if so, how we can shape and steer debates on its oversight, management, reform and operations. This article argues that despite the politicisation of the DISS, Botswana's national security threats are both real and imagined; and that domestic threats to national security have moved from the conceptual ‘imagined’ category to the ‘real’. However, that in itself did not warrant the design and mandate of the DISS, and the article argues that it was external threats that really warranted the creation of a civilian intelligence agency. The article concludes that Botswana faces a plethora of external security threats – traditional and non-traditional – that warranted the creation and continuance of the DISS.