潜艇应急上浮机动不稳定性建模与仿真

为了避免潜艇在应急上浮过程中,由于较快的上浮速度以及较大的负攻角,水动力呈现强非线性,在横向流作用下潜艇可能产生过大的横倾角甚至失稳倾覆.基于艇体水流入射角和方向角定义下的潜艇非线性水动力描述形式及其试验结果,采用一种新形式的大攻角非稳态潜艇操纵运动仿真数学模型,对高压气吹除主压载水舱后潜艇应急上浮过程的运动状态进行预报.采用拉瓦尔喷管理论对高压气吹除主压载水舱的热力学过程进行建模,并将该过程计算得到潜艇所受的复杂激变力作为潜艇操纵运动仿真数学模型的控制输入,计算结果表明:相较于高压气吹除指数模型,采用的拉瓦尔喷管模型能更为真实地反映实艇高压气吹除过程,对潜艇应急上浮机动的运动状态预报更为准确.应急上浮过程中快速造成较大的尾倾角有利于抑制横倾角的增大,且横倾角主要受水舱吹除顺序的影响,受初始深度的影响较小.根据潜艇事故工况下的初始状态制定有效的高压气应急吹除挽回策略,是抑制应急上浮横倾角的主要手段.     

MF-CFI: A fused evaluation index for camouflage patterns based on human visual perception

The evaluation index of camouflage patterns is important in the field of military application. It is the goal that researchers have always pursued to make the computable evaluation indicators more in line with the human visual mechanism. In order to make the evaluation method more computationally intelligent, a Multi-Feature Camouflage Fused Index (MF-CFI) is proposed based on the comparison of grayscale, color and texture features between the target and the background. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed index, eye movement experiments are conducted to compare the proposed index with existing indexes including Universal Image Quality Index (UIQI), Camouflage Similarity Index (CSI) and Structural Similarity (SSIM). Twenty-four different simulated targets are designed in a grassland background, 28 observers participate in the experiment and record the eye movement data during the observation process. The results show that the highest Pearson correlation coefficient is observed between MF-CFI and the eye movement data, both in the designed digital camouflage patterns and large-spot camouflage patterns. Since MF-CFI is more in line with the detection law of camouflage targets in human visual perception, the proposed index can be used for the comparison and parameter optimization of camouflage design algorithms.     

Theoretical and numerical simulation study on jet formation and penetration of different liner structures driven by electromagnetic pressure

The use of a shaped liner driven by electromagnetic force is a new means of forming jets. To study the mechanism of jet formation driven by electromagnetic force, we considered the current skin effect and the characteristics of electromagnetic loading and established a coupling model of"Electric—Magnetic—Force"and the theoretical model of jet formation under electromagnetic force. The jet formation and penetration of conical and trumpet liners have been calculated. Then, a numerical simulation of liner collapse under electromagnetic force, jet generation, and the stretching motion were performed using an ANSYS multiphysics processor. The calculated jet velocity, jet shape, and depth of penetration were consistent with the experimental results, with a relative error of less than 10％. In addition, we calculated the jet formation of different curvature trumpet liners driven by the same loading condition and ob-tained the influence rule of the curvature of the liner on jet formation. Results show that the theoretical model and the ANSYS multiphysics numerical method can effectively calculate the jet formation of liners driven by electromagnetic force, and in a certain range, the greater the curvature of the liner is, the greater the jet velocity is.     

Investigate the effects of magnetic fields on the penetration ability of a shaped charge jet at different standoffs

The influence of a magnetic field on the stability of a shaped charge jet is experimentally investigated at standoffs of 490, 650 and 800 mm. The experimental results without and with the magnetic field are compared in terms of the shaped charge jet form, stability and penetration ability. A theoretical model based on one-dimension fluid dynamics is then developed to assess the depth of penetration of the shaped charge at those three standoffs and magnetic conditions. The results show that the penetration capability can be enhanced in more than 70% by the magnetic field. The theoretical calculations are compared with the experimental results with reasonably good correlation. In addition, the parameters introduced in the theory are discussed together with the experiments at three standoffs studied.     

基于时域平均的齿轮故障诊断

提出了信号时域平均处理的新算法,解决了周期截断误差对平均结果的影响,并对测取的齿轮箱齿轮故障振动信号进行了处理。实验结果表明:该方法在齿轮故障信号的处理中能够消除背景噪声的影响,取得比较理想的效果。     

斜度相似度的ISAR干扰效果评估方法

由于逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)是一种新体制雷达,一些用于评估常规体制雷达干扰效果的方法和手段对于ISAR来说并不适用。通过比较干扰前后目标图像灰度的变化,提出了基于斜度相似度的ISAR干扰效果评估方法,可以反映干扰对目标图像灰度的影响程度。该方法不仅计算简单,而且具有归一化的优点。最后,就射频噪声和噪声调频两种干扰模式对ISAR进行了干扰仿真,仿真结果验证了评估方法的正确性和有效性。     

基于区间数理论的空战目标威胁评估

针对空战目标威胁评估问题,提出了一种新的基于区间数理论的评估方法。在分析了现有的目标威胁评估方法中距离威胁模型存在不足的基础上,提出了改进的距离威胁模型。给出了区间数特征向量法求解威胁指标权重的计算步骤,建立了基于区间数理论的空战目标威胁评估的数学模型。最后给出了仿真算例,仿真结果表明该方法是合理和有效的。     

再论“声纳测向精度海上动态测量计算公式”

声纳测向精度极大地影响着水下作战平台指控系统的性能,尤其是其中的目标运动要素解算功能。详细分析了目前工程仍在使用的一种声纳测向精度计算公式,提出了一种改进方法,使之能适应交叉航路态势,便于对艇艏圆柱阵/球形阵进行测试评估。鉴于已有方法的有偏性,提出了几种新的方法,新方法是渐近无偏的,量测点数越多,误差估计精度越高。针对存在系统偏差情形,提出了一种解决方案,仿真结果表明,当量测点充分多时（如n=1 000）,该方案能精确地估计出随机误差（均方根）和系统偏差,为完善声纳测向误差的精度评估,提供了一种支持手段。     

爆炸成型弹丸贯穿靶板靶后破片空间分布模型

深空撞击载荷对探测小天体内部物质成分和结构特性具有重要意义,因此,在考虑爆炸成型弹丸(explosively formed projectile, EFP)可变截面的特性和区分靶后破片来源的基础上,建立了EFP贯穿靶板靶后破片空间分布模型。在靶板厚度30 mm至70 mm、EFP着靶速度1 650 m/s至1 860 m/s的条件下,该模型可以定量预测靶后破片云中各个破片的速度、质量、数量与空间位置的关系。结果表明,相对速度总是随相对空间位置的增加而呈线性增加,相对质量、相对数量总是随相对空间位置的增加而呈幂函数增加。     

文娱领域综合治理语境下高校艺术学科教师评价与考核机制建设的相关问题研究

文娱领域综合治理是当下的文化热点,但与之相关的高校艺术学科教师的评价与考核机制建设却一直是被学术界忽略的问题。该问题不仅关乎高校教师评价与考核工作的整体进程、艺术学科的健康发展,还关乎国家文艺创作队伍的建设、文娱行业的天清气朗。本文认为艺术学科教师评价与考核机制是决定文娱领域艺人违法失德乱象的重要要素之一,科学、系统、规范的评价与考核机制有利于这一问题的解决。