基于ARMA辨识的色噪系统状态参数鲁棒估计

实际环境中观测系统的噪声,同时存在着白噪、色噪声和尖点噪声的影响.已有的研究都仅考虑白噪或色噪声,首次将实际系统中可能出现的所有噪声纳入观测方程,推导出统一的带白噪形式的观测方程.新观测方程在色噪声ARMA辨识基础上,可以直接用于传统的卡尔曼滤波算法,避免了扩维滤波.于是状态参数的稳健估计归结为ARMA参数的辨识.重点研究了自由参数选取与输入噪声之间的关系,将鲁棒支持向量回归机的优化问题转换成最大后验估计问题,为合理选择自由参数提供了理论依据.仿真结果验证了新算法的有效性.     

四阶累积量的MIMO雷达角度估计算法

针对色噪声环境下的MIMO雷达目标角度估计问题,提出一种新的参数估计算法.通过计算MIMO雷达接收数据的四阶累积量,并对构造出的累积量矩阵进行特征分解,结合MUSIC算法和ESPRIT算法实现了雷达目标的角度估计.在保证阵元扩展能力和目标分辨力的基础上进行了低复杂度改进,去掉了冗余信息,实现了目标参数的有效估计;同时由于采用四阶累积量,提高了算法抑制高斯噪声的能力,更利于工程应用.最后计算机仿真结果证实了算法的有效性和可行性.     

Comparison between constant‐stress and step‐stress accelerated life tests under Time Constraint

By running life tests at higher stress levels than normal operating conditions, accelerated life testing (ALT) quickly yields information on the lifetime distribution of a test unit. The lifetime at the design stress is then estimated through extrapolation using a regression model. In constant‐stress testing, a unit is tested at a fixed stress level until failure or the termination time point of test, whereas step‐stress testing allows the experimenter to gradually increase the stress levels at some prefixed time points during the test. In this work, the optimal k‐level constant‐stress and step‐stress ALTs are compared for the exponential failure data under complete sampling and Type‐I censoring. The objective is to quantify the advantage of using the step‐stress testing relative to the constant‐stress one. Assuming a log‐linear life–stress relationship with the cumulative exposure model for the effect of changing stress in step‐stress testing, the optimal design points are determined under C/D/A‐optimality criteria. The efficiency of step‐stress testing to constant‐stress one is then discussed in terms of the ratio of optimal objective functions based on the information matrix. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 00: 000–000, 2013     

基于循环平稳的卫星信道多普勒频移估计

基于线性调制信号的循环平稳特性,卫星信道多普勒频移的估计可以通过求解发送信号与接收信号的循环相关函数关系得到.借助循环谱函数推导出发送信号的循环相关函数,接收信号的循环相关函数则对信号本身及其有限差分进行计算.仿真结果说明了该算法对信道中的干扰与噪声不敏感,在多普勒频移较大时,该算法具有良好的估计精度;同时该算法还具有低复杂度和应用灵活的特点.     

基于移动目标的DOA估计偏差校正

针对移动目标的波达方向估计容易出现偏差的问题,提出一种利用频移信息修正方位估计偏差的算法,解决了传统方位估计算法不能适用于高速移动目标或平台的问题。该方法利用基阵平台与目标的径向移动速度,估计中心频率偏移,然后利用频移信息修正传统的方位估计结果。仿真结果表明,该算法可以极大地提高移动目标的方位估计精度。此外,该算法对阵列的阵型和方位估计算法没有任何限制,因此具有广泛的适用性和较强的工程实用价值。     

色噪声环境下MIMO雷达相干目标角度估计算法

针对色噪声环境下的MIMO雷达相干目标角度估计问题,提出一种基于目标信息矢量重构的角度估计算法.算法对MIMO雷达的接收数据进行了低复杂度改进,通过计算四阶累积量,得到一组矢量并证明该矢量包含所有目标的角度信息,通过重构Toeplitz矩阵,结合MUSIC算法实现了色噪声环境下MIMO雷达相干目标的角度估计.算法保留了MIMO雷达的阵元扩展能力和目标分辨力,具有自动抑制加性高斯白噪声和色噪声的能力,实现了相干目标的有效估计,更利于在实际中应用.最后计算机仿真结果证实了算法的有效性和可行性.     

Thermal hazard assessment of TKX-50-based melt-cast explosive

In the present study, thermal hazards of TNT and DNAN used as the molten binder in TKX-50-based melt-cast explosives were comparatively studied through accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) and Cook-off experiments. Two kinds of ARC operation modes were performed to investigate the thermal safety performance under adiabatic conditions (HWS mode) and constant heating (CHR mode). The obtained results demonstrated that at both heating modes, DNAN/TKX-50 outperformed TNT/TKX-50 from the thermal safety point of view. However, the sensitivity to heat of the samples was reverse because of the different heating modes. In addition, the results of thermal hazard assessment obtained from the cook-off experiment complied with ARC analysis which indicated the molten binder TNT replaced by DNAN would reduce the hazard of the TKX-50 melt cast explosive. Furthermore, the results of cook-off experiments also showed that DNAN/TKX-50 outperformed TNT/TKX-50 from the aspect of thermal stability, which was consistent with the result of CHR mode because of the similar heating process.     

Formation of adiabatic shearing band for high-strength Ti-5553 alloy: A dramatic thermoplastic microstructural evolution

By using split Hopkinson pressure bar, optical microscopy and electronic microscopy, we investigate the influence of initial microstructures on the adiabatic shear behavior of high-strength Ti–5Al–5V–5Mo–3Cr (Ti-5553) alloy with lamellar microstructure and bimodal microstructure. Lamellar alloy tends to form adiabatic shearing band (ASB) at low compression strain, while bimodal alloy is considerably ASB-resistant. Comparing with the initial microstructure of Ti-5553 alloy, we find that the microstructure of the ASB changes dramatically. Adiabatic shear of lamellar Ti-5553 alloy not only results in the formation of recrystallized β nano-grains within the ASB, but also leads to the chemical redistribution of the alloying elements such as Al, V, Cr and Mo. As a result, the alloying elements distribute evenly in the ASB. In contrast, the dramatic adiabatic shear of bimodal alloy might give rise to the complete lamination of the globular primary α grain and the equiaxial prior β grain, which is accompanied by the dynamic recrystallization of α lamellae and β lamellae. As a result, ASB of bimodal alloy is composed of α/β nano-multilayers. Chemical redistribution does not occur in ASB of bimodal alloy. Bimodal Ti-5553 alloy should be a promising candidate for high performance armors with high mass efficiency due to the processes high dynamic flow stress and excellent ASB-resistance.     

Analysis of parameter estimation using the sampling-type algorithm of discrete fractional Fourier transform

Parameter estimation is analyzed using two kinds of common sampling-type DFRFT (discrete fractional Fourier transform) algorithm. A model of parameter estimation is established. The factors which influence estimation accuracy are analyzed. And the simulation is made to verify the conclusions. From the theoretic analysis and simulation verification, it can be drawn that, for the estimation of chirp-rate and initial frequency, Pei's method [10] is more suitable if the absolute value of chirp-rate is small relatively; Ozaktas' method [9] is more suitable if the absolute value of chirp-rate is large relatively; and the two methods are both workable if the absolute value of chirp-rate is moderate. The scope of moderate chirp-rate can be approximately determined as [40 Hz/s, 110 Hz/s].     

The logistic–exponential survival distribution

For various parameter combinations, the logistic–exponential survival distribution belongs to four common classes of survival distributions: increasing failure rate, decreasing failure rate, bathtub‐shaped failure rate, and upside‐down bathtub‐shaped failure rate. Graphical comparison of this new distribution with other common survival distributions is seen in a plot of the skewness versus the coefficient of variation. The distribution can be used as a survival model or as a device to determine the distribution class from which a particular data set is drawn. As the three‐parameter version is less mathematically tractable, our major results concern the two‐parameter version. Boundaries for the maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters are derived in this article. Also, a fixed‐point method to find the maximum likelihood estimators for complete and censored data sets has been developed. The two‐parameter and the three‐parameter versions of the logistic–exponential distribution are applied to two real‐life data sets. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008