建构学习理论在教学中的应用

在教学中运用建构学习理论,针对“基于经验的知识建构活动”进行有益尝试。在此理论背景下,教师最重要的任务是利用三个层次的建构性经验源为学生提供知识建构的良好条件,并探讨这一理念在教学中的具体应用及其效果。     

Quantifying the performance effects of idle time utilization in multiserver systems

In many practical multiserver queueing systems, servers not only serve randomly arriving customers but also work on the secondary jobs with infinite backlog during their idle time. In this paper, we propose a c‐server model with a two‐threshold policy, denoted by (e d), to evaluate the performance of this class of systems. With such a policy, when the number of idle servers has reached d (<c), then e (<d) idle agents will process secondary jobs. These e servers keep working on the secondary jobs until they find waiting customers exist in the system at a secondary job completion instant. Using the matrix analytic method, we obtain the stationary performance measures for evaluating different (e, d) policies. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007.     

Constrained minimax optimization of continuous search efforts for the detection of a stationary target

Analytical resolution of search theory problems, as formalized by B.O. Koopman, may be applied with some model extension to various resource management issues. However, a fundamental prerequisite is the knowledge of the prior target density. Though this assumption has the definite advantage of simplicity, its drawback is clearly that target reactivity is not taken into account. As a preliminary step towards reactive target study stands the problem of resource planning under a min–max game context. This paper is related to Nakai's work about the game planning of resources for the detection of a stationary target. However, this initial problem is extended by adding new and more general constraints, allowing a more realistic modeling of the target and searcher behaviors. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

烟幕干扰技术综述

现代战争中,面对我国重要经济目标数量多、防护力量和资源有限的现状,选择各种高效费比的防护措施才能适应我国国情。烟幕正是一种成本低、效果明显、操作简单的干扰手段。阐述了烟幕的产生、干扰原理,重点介绍了各波段的烟幕干扰材料、常用的烟幕器材及烟幕的具体应用,对重要经济目标防护工作的实际操作具有一定借鉴意义。     

图论及神经网络在地空导弹部队阵地中的应用

防空部队特别是地空导弹部队抗击敌空袭作战必须依托相应的阵地进行,而地空导弹部队阵地部署与选择的正确与否是地空导弹部队能否有效进行抗击敌空袭作战的一个重要因素,地空导弹部队阵地部署与选择需要综合考虑地形条貂件、机动条件、作战时间条件等各种因素.提出阵地部署与选择的几个指标,用图论与神经网络方法针对一个具体的例子对所提出的指标进行求解计算,得出阵地部署与选择的方案.     

极限概念及其发展的哲学解析

极限是微积分学的核心概念。极限概念及其发展过程中充满辨证思维,蕴含着深刻的哲学思想,体现了辨证法的联系论、对立统一律、否定之否定律。     

隧道防火涂料的研究进展与发展趋势

对隧道防火涂料的组成、工作原理、生产工艺流程及技术指标等作了简要阐述,并对近年来国内外隧道防火涂料研究中存在的问题及今后的发展方向进行了探讨与展望,认为隧道防火涂料既要满足隧道防火设计的要求,又要具有较高的性价比及环保性。     

任务分配问题的对称群方法

探讨了无人飞行器(UAV)编队的任务分配问题。任务分配是UAV协同控制的基础,其解是任务区域内各任务的一个排列。求解UAV任务分配问题的有效方法是能在合理的计算时间内找到近似最优解的启发式算法。用对称群描述UAV任务分配的搜索空间,基于右乘运算构造搜索邻域。仿真结果验证了群论禁忌搜索算法的有效性。     

基于神经网络的模糊理论在桥梁状态评估中的应用

探讨了模糊数学中的隶属函数在桥梁技术等级状态评估中的应用.在研究现有桥梁状态评估方法的基础上,把人工神经网络和模糊数学理论结合起来应用于大跨度预应力斜拉桥的等级状态评估,建立了基于三层神经元的模糊神经网络模型,并建立结构损伤度函数及等级隶属度模型,通过样本学习训练,获取评估专家的知识及直觉思维,最终确定桥梁所对应的技术状态等级.以检测的480组索力数据作为学习样本,另外4组作为验证样本进行了索力状态评估预测.计算结果表明,网络预测值与期望值吻合良好.     

Alleviating time inconsistent behaviors via a competition scheme

Under quasi‐hyperbolic discounting, the valuation of a payoff falls relatively rapidly for earlier delay periods, but then falls more slowly for longer delay periods. When the salespersons with quasi‐hyperbolic discounting consider the product sale problem, they would exert less effort than their early plan, thus resulting in losses of future profit. We propose a winner‐takes‐all competition to alleviate the above time inconsistent behaviors of the salespersons, and allow the company to maximize its revenue by choosing an optimal bonus. To evaluate the effects of the competition scheme, we define the group time inconsistency degree of the salespersons, which measures the consequence of time inconsistent behaviors, and two welfare measures, the group welfare of the salespersons and the company revenue. We show that the competition always improves the group welfare and the company revenue as long as the company chooses to run the competition in the first place. However, the effect on group time inconsistency degree is mixed. When the optimal bonus is moderate (extreme high), the competition motivates (over‐motivates) the salesperson to work hard, thus alleviates (worsens) the time inconsistent behaviors. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 64: 357–372, 2017